it has made by me hope u would like it. . . i m the student of 2nd semester department of geology .shaheed benazir bhutto university sheringal dir upper . . .i would get happy on ur suggestions . .

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ABSTRACT
Our field trip Sheringal-Timergara took place on 8th
of September 2016. It
was one day trip to visit different localities to study geology of these regions.
Mostly areas are covered with pure vegetation. The main theme of this field was
to study THREE BASIC ROCK TYPES. We made different stops to study
different rocks, fold & faults of different localities.
We studied Warri granite & China Clay, This is known for its commercial
importance.

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Table of Contents
ABSTRACT ..............................................................................................1
INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................3
DIR GROUP.........................................................................................3
PHYLLITE................................................................................................4
BARAWAL BANDA SLATES .....................................................................5
LIMESTONE CARBONATED ....................................................................6
CONJUGATE JOINT ................................................................................7
RIPPLE MARKS ON ROCK ......................................................................8
CONGLOMERATES ..................................................................................9
ANTICLINE FOLD:............................................................................... 10
VOLCANICS ......................................................................................... 11
CARBONATES ...................................................................................... 12
NORMAL FAULT .................................................................................. 13
AMPHIBOLITE..................................................................................... 14
GRANITE ............................................................................................. 15
CHINA CLAY ........................................................................................ 16
REFERENCES:....................................................................................... 17

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INTRODUCTION
Sheringal are has mainly metamorphic rocks specially slates, phyllite and
schist. Onward from Sheringal to chukyathan sedimentary conglomerate and
some fold can be seen.
After that some igneous rocks, faults, dike and sill may also be found.
DIR GROUP
There are main two formations.
 Dir Uthrorr volcano
 Barawal banda slates
Barawal banda slates formation:
Its lower contact is in Chukyathan Bridge and upper contact is in Sheringal.
LATHOLOGY:
Shale, waxes, interbed carbonates, some lava flow, slates & phyllite.

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STOP NO 01:
UNIVERSITY MAIN GATE SHERINGAL TIME: 7:58 AM
PHYLLITE
A fine-grained metamorphic rock with a well-developed laminar structure,
intermediate between slate and schist.
It is a type of foliated metamorphic rock created from slate that is further
metamorphosed so that very fine grained white mica achieves a preferred
orientation. It is primarily composed of quartz & mica.
Sheringal is at upper contact of Barawal banda.
POI: 202
Location:
North 35º 21՜ Min 42.՜՜5 sec
East 72º 09՜, 28.7՜՜

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STOP NO 02:
Jetkot belawo: Time: 8:40 am
BARAWAL BANDA SLATES
Barawal banda slates break along curved cleavage having slaty cleavage.
Vertical line represent bed, joint is also present.
We also take Dip & Strike data.
Color: grey
Grain size: fine grain (foliated)
Rock type: metamorphic
 DIP-DTRIKE DATA:
Strike: N20ºW
Dip: 80º
Direction: South-west

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STOP NO 02B:
Jetkot belawo: Time: 9:00 am
LIMESTONE CARBONATED
Color: grey to greenish
It shows the advancement of breakage or shows breaking.

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STOP NO 03
Lower Chinaran Time: 9:20am
CONJUGATE JOINT
Based upon the angle at which joint sets of systematic joints intersect to
form a joint system, systematic joints can be subdivided into conjugate and
orthogonal joint sets. The angles at which joint sets within a joint system
commonly intersect is called by structural geologists as the dihedral angles.

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STOP NO 03 B:
Lower Chinaran Time: 9:35am
RIPPLE MARKS ON ROCK
On the surface of the bed there were wave like features called ripple
marks. In geology, ripple marks are sedimentary structures (i.e. bed forms of the
lower flow regime) and indicate agitation by water (current or waves) or wind.
 Symmetrically ripple marks
 Feature: sedimentary

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STOP NO 04:
Location: Lower Sawnai Time: 9:45am
CONGLOMERATES
Conglomerate is a coarse-grained clastic sedimentary rock that is
composed of a substantial fraction of rounded to sub angular gravel-size clasts,
e.g., granules, pebbles, cobbles, and boulders, larger than 2 mm in diameter.
Sedimentary conglomerates are mostly composed of
 Pebbles
 Cobbles
 Boulders
Gravel size particles are present which are cemented together.
Feature: Sedimentary.

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STOP NO 05:
Lower Sawnai Time: 10:00am
ANTICLINE FOLD
In structural geology, an anticline is a type of fold that is an arch-like
shape and has its oldest beds at its core. A typical anticline is convex up in which
the hinge or crest is the location where the curvature is greatest, and the limbs are
the sides of the fold that dip away from the hinge.
 DIP-STRIKE DATA for LIMB 1st
:
Strike: S40ºW (away), N40ºE (near)
Dip: 60º
Direction: North-west
 DIP-STRIKE DATA for LIMB 2nd
:
Strike: S30ºW (away), N30ºE (near)
Dip: 85º
Direction: South-east

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STOP NO 06:
Lower Sawnai Time: 10:11am
VOLCANICS
Volcanic in the Barawal banda slate may be andesite to basalt.
Grain size: fine
Color: Greenish
Volcanic rock (often shortened to Volcanics in scientific contexts) is a
rock formed from magma erupted from a volcano. In other words, it differs from
other igneous rock by being of volcanic origin.

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STOP NO 07:
Sweet Water Time: 11:14am
CARBONATES
Dolomite (mineral) type of limestone, the carbonate fraction of which is
dominated by the mineral dolomite, calcium magnesium carbonate [CA Mg (CO
3)2]. Limestone. Sedimentary rock composed mainly of
calcium carbonate (CaCO 3), usually in the form of calcite or aragonite.
Calcium Carbonate Sample
Grain size: very fine
Color: dark

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STOP NO 08:
Unkar Chawak Time: 11:46am
NORMAL FAULT
Discontinuity
Normal fault. A geologic fault in which the hanging wall has moved
downward relative to the footwall. Normal faults occur where two blocks of rock
are pulled apart, as by tension. Compare reverse fault. See Note and illustration
at fault.
Amphibolite:
Kamila amphibolite.
Strike: S85E
Dip: 70
Direction: North-east
From chukyathan to osakai has some lathology,kamila amphibolite.
Kamila is one of the major magmatic island arc.
It has a basic rock having minerology
 Plagioclase & hornblend.
 Gabbronorite is an igneous rock which does not have quartz.
They have intense quartz. Feldspathic quartzo amphibolite.
Amphibolite present in kamila between dir and kamila amphibolite.

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STOP NO 09:
Sahib abad Time: 12:36am
AMPHIBOLITE
These amphibolite are kamila banded, having light and dark bands, while
 Light bands are composed of plagioclase and
 Dark bands composed of hornblend
This location is famous for pillow lava /pillow basaltic lava.
Grain size: fine grain
Color: dark
Gabbro or basalt is metamorphosed into amphibolite.
These amphibolite forms a pillow like structure because of these were
igneous rocks before exposed in the form of pillow lava and the metamorphosed
into amphibolite. Parent rock is basalt or gabbro.

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STOP NO 10
Wari Time: 1:30pm
GRANITE
Granite is a light-colored igneous rock with grains large enough to be
visible with the unaided eye. It forms from the slow crystallization of magma
below Earth's surface. Granite is composed mainly of quartz and feldspar with
minor amounts of mica, amphiboles, and other minerals
Grain size: Coarse
Color: Light
Granite consist of quartz, biotite & feldspar etc.
It is intrusive igneous rock.
Somewhere it looks like rusted because water enters into it and get rusted
and also loos the color and looks like rusted iron.

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STOP NO 11
Timergara Time: 3:25pm
CHINA CLAY
It is a layered silicate mineral, with one tetrahedral sheet of silica (SiO4)
linked through oxygen atoms to one octahedral sheet of alumina (AlO6)
octahedral. Rocks that are rich in kaolinite are known as kaolin or china clay.
It has sugar like small grains.
It has been kaolinitized.
Its grains has been altered into clay minerals.
And quartz is still stable because of resistance.

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References:
Lecturer Asghar khan Saib
Senior Geologists & Junior Classmates.