Explain how density, dispersion, and demographics, mortality, and su.pdf

•

0 likes•2 views

Example 1. In a nationwide opinion poll based on a random sample of 240 people, one question is: Solution H0: mean=1 H1: mean not eqaul to 1 z=xbar-mean/s/srt(n) p< 0.05, so we reject the null hypothesis.1.000hypothesized value3.100mean label0.900std. dev.0.058std. error240n36.15z0.00E+00p-value (two-tailed).

Education

Explain how density, dispersion, and demographics, mortality, and survivorship, and age
structure define a population.
Solution
Population density is the number of members of a species living in a unit area or volume.
Population dispersion is the spacing among the individuals inside the boundary of that
population. There can be various types of patetrns of dispersion like Clumped dispersion pattern
- where the members are present in patches; Uniform pattern - the spacing among the members is
even; Random pattern - the spacing is not defined and changes unpredictably.
Demography - It is the study of the change in population size. The statistics of the population are
studied including the birth, death and migrations.
Mortality - it indicates the deaths in the population.
Survivorship curves are plotted to determine the number of individuals which are still alive at an
age. there can be three types of survivorship curves. Type I - which is flat in the early and middle
ages and drops towards older age (eg human). Type II - these exhibit death rates as more
constant over the life of the individuals in the population. Type III - they show high mortality for
the young individuals but attain a flattened curve once the members are past a particular age.
Age structure is defined as the relative numbers of members of each age in a population of that
species. Age structure helps to detremine different generations, birth rate and death rate.

Similar to Explain how density, dispersion, and demographics, mortality, and su.pdf

HUMAN-POPULATION.pptx

FaeldinMaeF

Population Ecology PPT

Kamlakar More

Presentation3.pptx

Mukuba University

Population ecology

EmaSushan

A population is generally a group of particular species occupying a particular area at a specific time. Some of the ecologists however recognize two types of population; Monospecific population- a population with individuals only one species Mixed or Polyspecific population- a population of more than one species However in Ecology, a polyspecific population is considered as a COMMUNITY, and the term POPULATION is used for a group of individuals of any kind of organism. POPULATION ECOLOGY is the study of individuals of the same species where the processes are aggregation, interdependencies between individuals etc, and the various factors governing such processes are emphasized.

Population Ecology.pptx

YaminiPurohit1

Dynamic biological process influence population density, dispersion and demographics Distinguish between density and dispersion of population. Describe conditions that may result in clumped dispersion, uniform dispersion, and random dispersion of individuals in a population. What is a life table and why is it a useful tool for ecologists interested in population ecology? Distinguish between a life table and a reproductive table. What does a reproductive table tell us? Describe the characteristics of populations that exhibit Type I, Type II, and Type III survivorship curves. Could you draw the expected survivorship curve if you were given characteristics of the population? The exponential model describes population growth in an idealized, unlimited environment and the elastic model describes how a population grows more slowly as it nears its carrying capacity. Compare the exponential model of population growth with the logistic model. What expectations do we have about exponential growth in natural populations? Under what conditions might we expect to see natural populations increase exponentially? What can modeling an organism\'s capacity to grow exponentially tell us about it? Explain how an environment\'s carrying capacity affects the per capita rate of increase of a population. Explain the meaning of each of the following terms in the logistics model of population growth: dN/dt, t_max, K N, and (K - N)/K? Distinguish between r-selected populations and K-selected populations Life history traits are products of natural selection What are life history traits? What defines an organisms life history? Define and distinguish between semelparity and iteroparity. Explain what factors may favor the evolution of each life history strategy. Solution Density of a population means the number of individuals present in one unit area. Dispersion means in what manner they are dispersed or spread out in that area whether randomly distributed, or in groups or evenly dispersed. In clumped dispersion,animals make groups to move and live together. Often when there is shortage and scarcity of resources in summers, animals tend to make groups to share resources.These groups can be safeguards for juveniles and can protect them. Preying skills of few animals can benefit rest of the group in getting the food. In Uniform dispersion all the animals are evenly distributed on the area and mostly independent to prey and fight for their own food. They find mate according to their own choice and compatibility and protect themselves alone. In random dispersion, the population is distributed randomly in the area where there is mix of all three dispersion patterns. There is enough food in the viscinity, animals can roam and search freely their food and also can form group. Life table is a table that has data about death and birth rates of a population under study, that can give ecologists prediction about probable growth or shrink of a population. It gives them the pattern of .

Dynamic biological process influence population density, dispersion a.pdf

ellanorfelicityri239

Statistical distributions

Ayurdata

11-MaldivesTORRESandMOLLONAdemography.pdf

KyShie

11-MaldivesTORRESandMOLLONAdemography.pdf

KyShie

Population pyramid

Sharon Treesa Antony

Demography and family welfare, VI unit in community health nursing

Population ecology

Demography

Demography

Demography

Demography

ScienceShare.co.uk Shared Resource

ScienceShare.co.uk

Demography

Farhana120316

age and sex structure

Khulna University

population st [Autosaved].pptx

DeepikaEkambaram3

Similar to Explain how density, dispersion, and demographics, mortality, and su.pdf (20)

HUMAN-POPULATION.pptx

Population Ecology PPT

Presentation3.pptx

Population ecology

Population Ecology.pptx

Dynamic biological process influence population density, dispersion a.pdf

Statistical distributions

11-MaldivesTORRESandMOLLONAdemography.pdf

Population pyramid

Demography and family welfare, VI unit in community health nursing

Population ecology

Demography

ScienceShare.co.uk Shared Resource

Demography

age and sex structure

population st [Autosaved].pptx

More from sales96

What are the major uses for artificially synthesized DNA? a) They are used for DNA sequencing, site-directed mutagenesis, but cannot be used as nucleic acid hybridization probes for detection of specific DNA or RNA in the samples. b) They are used as primers for DNA sequencing, site-directed mutagenesis, and as nucleic acid hybridization probes for detection of specific DNA or RNA in the samples. c) They are used as primers for DNA sequencing and site-directed mutagenesis only. a) They are used for DNA sequencing, site-directed mutagenesis, but cannot be used as nucleic acid hybridization probes for detection of specific DNA or RNA in the samples. b) They are used as primers for DNA sequencing, site-directed mutagenesis, and as nucleic acid hybridization probes for detection of specific DNA or RNA in the samples. c) They are used as primers for DNA sequencing and site-directed mutagenesis only. Solution Artificially synthesized DNA in site-directed mutagenesis: The basic procedure for site-directed mutagenesis requires the synthesis of a short DNA primer, an artificially synthesized DNA. This synthetic primer contains the desired mutation and is complementary to the template DNA around the mutation site so it can hybridize with the DNA in the gene of interest. The mutation may be a single base change (a point mutation), multiple base changes, deletion, or insertion. The single-strand primer is then extended using a DNA polymerase, which copies the rest of the gene. The gene thus copied contains the mutated site, and is then introduced into a host cell as a vector and cloned. Finally, mutants are selected by DNA sequencing to check that they contain the desired mutation. Artificially synthesized DNA as primers for DNA sequencing and as nucleic acid hybridization probes for detection of specific DNA or RNA in the samples: DNA sequencing can be done by hybridization method that uses a DNA microarray. Unlike proteins, which have diverse sizes and charges, there is no easy way separate out a specific sequence of DNA based on its general physical and chemical properties. You cannot chemically stain for a specific sequence of DNA. In contrast, it is often possible to use a specific stain to detect a specific protein. Once a DNA sequence is known, the complementary strand can be synthesized and used to detect the strand of interest in a sample. A single pool of DNA whose sequence is to be determined is fluorescently labeled and hybridized to an array containing known sequences, which are artificially synthesized DNA. Strong hybridization signals from a given spot on the array identifies its sequence in the DNA being sequenced. This method of sequencing utilizes binding characteristics of a library of short single stranded DNA molecules (oligonucleotides), also called DNA probes, which are artificially synthesized DNA), to reconstruct a target DNA sequence. Non-specific hybrids are removed by washing and the target DNA is eluted. Hybrids are re-arrang.

Write a small program in ARM to Store these values into an array 0.pdf

sales96

We are going to put $2500 into an account that earns interest at a rate of 12%. If we w ant to have $4000 in the account when we close it how long should we keep the money in the account if, we compound interest continuously. We compound interest 6 times a year. Solution For compounded interest continuously , the formula of amount is A= Pert Where A= amount, P=Principal, r= rate of interest and t=time period Here Amount ,A= $4000, Principal,P=$2500, Rate of interest,r=12% Substituting these values in the formula 4000=2500e0.12t Dividing both sides by 2500 4000/2500=2500e0.12t/2500 1.6= e0.12t Taking Ln on both sides Ln 1.6=Ln e0.12t .47=0.12t Dividing both sides by 0.12 .47/0.12=0.12t/0.12 3.92=t Or time,t=3.92.

Why that partial derivative is zero Why that partial derivative is .pdf

sales96

Which two gases are the most important for aquatic organisms Wh.pdf

sales96

Use MPI to implement a hypercube communication template (hint see attached) Solution Answering without hint. using example scenario write a parallel program for adding n numbers on a p processor HyperCube. Assume that n = a * (p log p)where a is suitable integer constant. Draw theoretical conclusions about the the cost optimality, efficiency, and scalability of parallel system for different values of n and p . The program should automatically handle efficient partitioning the input numbers and implement the algorithm with minimum amount of communication One can generate the initial input n/p numbers on every processor by knowing the values n (= p logp) on a p processor hypercube. Print the result on master processor whose task id is 0. Let the dimension of your target machine be four, giving total of 16 nodes (processors) in your HyperCube on PARAM 10000. The input n (n = p log p) integers are partitioned among p (p=n) processors such that every processor gets equal number of integer values. In fact, for data, let each processor generates corresponding integer values such as n(=p log p) processors. Print the result of adding n integers , followed by task id ( process id number ) followed by the name of the host machine on the master node with task id 0..

Which cells of the pancreas are the endocrine cells How were you ab.pdf

sales96

True or False e) A type I error occurs when the test statistic falls in the rejection region of the test. f) In testing a hypothesis, when the difference between the hypothesized mean and the actual mean (shift from mu o to mu a) is increased, the power of the test will decrease. g) In testing a hypothesis, when the standard deviation is decreased, the power of the test will decrease. Solution e) Type I error occurs when the null hypothesis rejected when it is actually true, thus the given statement is false. f)In testing hypothesis if the difference between hypothesized mean and the actual mean increases the power also increases. Thus, the given statement is true. g)Power of a test is not affected by standard deviation, thus the given statement is false..

What determines how much genetic variation exists in populations A..pdf

sales96

Training Major Bill Bligh, Director of the Army War College’s new six-month attaché training program, is concerned about how the 20 officers taking the course spend their time while in his charge. Major Bligh recognizes that there are 168 hours per week and thinks his students have been using them rather inefficiently. Bligh lets: X1 = number of hours of sleep needed per week X2 = number of personal hours X3 = number of hours of class and studying X4 = number of hours of social time off base He thinks that students should study 30 hours a week to have time to absorb the material. This is his most important goal. Bligh feels that students need at most 7 hours of sleep per night on average and that this goal is number 2. He believes that goal number 3 is to provide at least 20 hours per week of social time. Formulate this goal programming problem Solve with the software (lindo or excel) of your choice. Solution Total hours x= 168 hours è 7days X = 1 week = 168 hours = 7 days + 7 nights X1 = number of hours of sleep needed per week Based on goal number 2 students need at most 7 hours of sleep per night on average So, X1=7*7 = 49 Hours per week X3 = number of hours of class and studying 30 hours a week to have time to absorb the material X3 = 30 hours per week X4 = number of hours of social time off base that goal number 3 is to provide at least 20 hours per week of social time. X4 = 20 hours per week X2 = number of personal hours 69 X1+X2+ X1+X2 = X X=168 X1=49 X2=? X3=30 X4=20 X2 = x-(X1+X2+X3) X2 = 168-(49+30+20); X2 = 168-99; X2 = 99 MAX 2 X4 + S5 ST X1 + S1 = 168 S1- 0.5 X1 - X2 - S2 = 0 2 X1 + S2 - 0.5 X2 - X3 - S3 = 0 2 X2 + S3 - 0.5 X3 - X4 - S4 = 0 2 X3 + S4 - 0.5 X4 - S5 = 0 END.

What are three types of Why are fossils important to scientists.pdf

sales96

The Miami Central Hotel has 420 rooms. Every day, the housekeepers clean any room that was occupied the night before. If a guest is checking out of the hotel, the housekeepers give the room a thorough cleaning to get it ready for the next guest. This takes 25 minutes. If a guest is staying another night, the housekeeper only “refreshes” the room, which takes 20 minutes. Each day, each housekeeper reports for her 6- hour shift, then prepares her cart. She pushes the cart to her floor and begins work. She usually has to restock the cart once per day; then she pushes it back to the storeroom at the end of the day and delivers dirty laundry, etc. Here is a timetable: 1) Arrive at work and stock cart (0.10 hrs). 2) Push cart to floor (0.10 hrs). 3) Take morning break (0.33 hrs). 4) Stop for lunch (0.50 hrs). 5) Restock cart (0.30 hrs). 6) Take afternoon break (0.33 hrs). 7) Push cart back to laundry and store items (0.33 hrs). Last night, the hotel was full (all 420 rooms were occupied). People are checking out of 200 rooms. Their rooms will need to be thoroughly cleaned. The other 200 rooms will need to be refreshed. a) How many minutes per day of actual room cleaning can each housekeeper do? b) Based on the given occupancy and the guests, checking out , the total number of minutes of room cleaning required by Miami Central Hotel today is _____ minutes (enter as a whole number) c) The number of housekeepers that are needed today to perform the room cleaning is ____ housekeeper (round response next whole number) d) The number of housekeepers that would be needed by the hotel for perfroming thorough cleaning of all rooms (assuming that all guests check out) is ____ housekeepers (round response to next whole number) Solution a) 1)Arrive at work and stock cart (0.10 hrs). 2) Push cart to floor (0.10 hrs). 3) Take morning break (0.33 hrs). 4) Stop for lunch (0.50 hrs). 5) Restock cart (0.30 hrs). 6) Take afternoon break (0.33 hrs). 7) Push cart back to laundry and store items (0.33 hrs) adding all thhis we will get 199 minutes taken by each housekeeper in all this its a 6 hours shift which means 360 minutes so actual cleaning per day id for 360-199 = 161 minutes b) 200*20 + 220*25 = 9500 minutes c)201 actual minute of ckeaning is done by one which means taking 20 minutes 10 rooms can be done and taking 25 minutes 8 rooms can be done. 200/8+ 220/10 = 25+22 = 47 housekeeper d)assuming all check outs of 420 rooms one housekeepr do 8 rooms 420/8 = 53.

This is a nursing informatics question...What is “Meaningful Use”,.pdf

sales96

The enzyme fumarase catalyzes the reaction fumarate + H_2O rightarrow malate. The turnover number for this enzyme and substrate is 800 per minute. How long would it take one molecule of fumarase to produce 7130 product molecules? Ans: min Solution turnover number(also termed kcat) is defined as the maximum number of chemical conversions of substrate molecules per second that a single catalytic site will execute for a given enzyme concentration Ans . 8.915 in 1 min turnover number is 800 then to form 7130 product molecule it will 7130/800= 8.915 min.

The population of a southern city follows the exponential law. If th.pdf

sales96

Subtract and simplify, if possible. 11/12 - 4/15 Perform the operation and simplify, if possible. 58/21m - 33/21m Perform the operation and simplify, if possible. Perform the operation and simplify, if possible. -1/16 - (-5/16) Perform the operation and simplify, if possible. Perform the operation and simplify, if possible. Solution 14) 11/12 - 4/15 = (55-16)/60 = 39/70 = 13/20 17) -1/16 -(-5/16) = -1/16 + 5/16 = 4/16 = 1/16 Please upload rest questions in clear image to make it answerable...thankyou.

Suppose the tree diagram below represents all the students in a high .pdf

sales96

Roll a fair 4-sided dice twice. If A=first roll and B=second roll, then let X=the min(A,B) and Y = |A-B|. a) Give the joint distribution b) Find Cov(X,Y) Solution a) Joint Distribution: (A,B)---->(X,Y) (1,1)---->(1 ,0) (1,2)---->(1,1) (1,3)---->(1,2) (1,4)---->(1,3) (2,1)---->(1,1) (2,2)---->(2,0) (2,3)---->(2,1) (2,4)---->(2,2) (3,1)---->(1,2) (3,2)---->(2,1) (3,3)---->(3,0) (3,4)---->(3,1) (4,1)---->(1,3) (4,2)---->(2,2) (4,3)---->(3,1) (4,4)---->(4,0) b) Cov (X,Y)= E(XY) -E(X)E(Y) E(X) = 30 /16 ( Summation X =30) E(Y) = 20/16 (Summation Y=20) E(XY) = 30/16 (Summation XY =30) Therefore, Cov (X,Y) = 30/16 - ( 30/16 * 20/16) = - 0.4687 ( Negative Correlation ) Answer.

Select all the functions below that are the primary responsibilities .pdf

sales96

Provide and discuss examples of sequential, conditional, and iterative operations, from everyday life. How do the ways we state these operations in everyday life differ from ways we state these operations them in pseudocode? Solution 1) Sequential Operations are operations that carried out one after the other. Conditional operations are Operations that are carried out based on certain criteria. Iterative Operations are Operations that are carried out Repeatedly. Examples of them in daily Life 1) Sequential Operations are like waking up, Getting ready and going to School. 2) Conditional Operations are like if it is Weekend we do not need to go to school else if it is a weekday then we have to go to school. 3) Iterative Operations are Operations like if we like a food item we will eat until we feel it is heavy. Difference between them from Pseudo Code 1) Sequential are Operations that are carried out timely in daily life but some may not be initialized always whereas in PseudoCode we have to initialize everything. 2) Conditional also needs initialization whereas in daily life we need not initialize. 3) Iterative are Operations that where a sequential flow is followed and in daily life they can start anytime.

QUESTION 1 Prophage is a viral particle that cannot produce phages. O.pdf

sales96

Part II – Research Dr. Siddiqui tells Angela that her test results will be back in a few days and that she will give her a call when she knows something. You go home and do some research on various thyroid conditions so that you’ll have a good idea of what is going on with Angela. You find information on hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, goiter, Graves’ Disease, iodine deficiency (primary hypothyroidism), Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, and various tumors. You make a chart to help yourself sort out the different disorders. Questions 3. Describe hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism. List at least three symptoms of each. 4. What is a goiter? 5. Please fill out the chart below. Record whether the hormone levels are expected to be high, low, or either. For antibody/immunoglobulins and goiter, answer yes, no, or possible. (The antibodies and immunoglobulins in question are those specific to the thyroid disorder.) Primaryhypothyroidism (iodine deficiency) Graves’Disease Hashimoto’s Disease TRH-secretingtumor TSH-secretingtumor TRH-suppressingtumor TSH-suppressingtumor TRHlevels TSHlevels T3and T4levels Antibodies or immunoglobulins present? Goiterpresent? Ispatient hyper- or hypothyroid? 6. Use the chart below to record whether the hormone levels are expected to be high, low, or either. For antibody/ immunoglobulin and goiter, answer yes, no, or possible. Hypothyroidism Hyperthyroidism TSHlevels T3and T4levels Antibodies or immunoglobulins? Goiterpresent? 7. If you gave a person with primary hypothyroidism (iodine deficiency) an injection of TSH would T3 and T4 levels increase? Why or why not? 8. Some patients with HPT axis problems develop a goiter. Describe two different scenarios/conditions in which a goiter would be present and explain physiologically why/how the goiter occurs within each scenario/condition. Make sure to include axis feedback in your answer. Part III – Test Results Angela’s test results come back and Dr. Siddiqui gives you a copy to look over. Please use the data below and the initial information about Angela to answer the following questions. A. Barber – Test Results Test Result Normal Range Serum thyroxine (T4)(ug/dl) 1.8 4.6-12 Thyrotropin(TSH)(IU/mL) 0.3 0.5-6 TPOand Tg antibodies Normal Normal TSI(immunoglobulins) Normal Normal Serum Triiodothyronine (T3) (ng/dl) 57 80-180 BloodPressure 98/60 90-120/60-80 Hematocrit(%) 39 36-45 Hemoglobin (g/100 ml blood) 12.9 11-14 Glucose(mg/dl) 102 70-110 Sodium (mmol/L) 136 135-145 Potassium(mmol/L) 4.5 3.5-5.0 Questions 9. Are any of Angela’s values outside the normal range? If so, which ones, and are they high or low? 10. Is Angela’s thyroid axis functioning properly? If not, does she have symptoms consistent with hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism? Part IV – Diagnosis Questions 11. Dr. Siddiqui asks you what you think is wrong with Angela. What is your diagnosis? (Note: do not simply say hyper- or hypothyroidism; that portion of the question was already answered above.) 12. Angela does not hav.

Philosophy questionExplain the principle known as Ockhams Razor..pdf

sales96

Mosquitoes resistant to the pesticide DDT first appeared in India in 1959, but now are found throughout the world. Graph the data in the table below. Examine the graph, hypothesize why the percentage of mosquitoes resistant to DDT rose rapidly. Suggest an explanation for the global spread of DDT resistance. Solution DDT is an effective broad spectrum insecticide. However, since it is persistant in nature and does not degrade easily, its use is banned in many countries like US. Malarial outbreaks spread by infected mosquitoes are controlled by spraying DDT in the affected areas. DDT sprays are lethal to the mosquitoes in general and immediately declines their growing populations. However, mosquitoes have a short life cycle, they are rapidly multiplying populations. Thus they can undergo beneficial mutations at a faster rate and can quickly develop resistance to the attack of insecticides such as DDT. It is always easier for a species with shorter life span to aquire genetic changes and develop resistance to the changing environment. DDT-resistant mosquitoes which may occur at very low frequency are naturally selected for survival than to DDT-sensitive populations. Thus the given graph shows an exponential increase in the population of DDT resistant mosquitoes..

Mycoplasma is a genus of bacteria that do not have a cell wall. Woul.pdf

sales96

LinguisticsExercise 1. For each pair of sentences X and Y below, s.pdf

sales96

A department at a university plans to recruit a new faculty member. The 410 applications yielded the following information. A candidate is picked at random and let event A be that the candidate is female and let event8 be that the candidate has 5 or more years of teaching experience. Calculate the following: Are the events A and B mutually exclusive? Justify your answer Are the events A and B independent? Justify your answer. Solution.

A department at a university plans to recruit a new faculty member. T.pdf

sales96

Informal financial institutions and its system are important in serv.pdf

sales96

How many different samples of size n = 2 can be selected from this population if you sample without replacement? Please help, thank you! Solution the population contains four elements: 6,2,5,4 the sample size is n=2. the sample is drawn by without replacement. so from 4 elements we can select 2 elements in 4C2 ways. a) number of different samples: 4C2=6 [answer] b)the possible samples are- (2,4) (2,5) (2,6) (4,5) (4,6) (5,6) c) the sample means are [ for (a,b) xbar=(a+b)/2 ] for (2,4) xbar=3 (2,5) xbar=3.5 (2,6) xbar=4 (4,5) xbar=4.5 (4,6) xbar=5 (5,6) xbar=5.5 d) as the sample is drawn using simple random sampling without replacement. all the samples are equally likely. hence the sampling distribution of xbar is option d) p(xbar)=1/6 for all values of xbar= d) the correct histogram is option b) [top right] because it has bars for all the values of xbar=3, 3.5, 4, 4.5, 5, 5.5 with equal length. e) population mean mu= (6+2+4+5)/4=4.25 f) none of the samples produce a value of xbar equal to mu..

How to get pure culture from mixed sampleHow to get pure culture.pdf

sales96

How can an organization\'s ability to pay be determined and what impact would that information have on pay level decisions? Solution There are four key elements in Developing Pay Levels: For all them is needed information. Pay levels and Job structure go together, to develop pay levels is required external information, which ones are current market salaries? and to update organizational pay levels with respect the market trend to keep talented people aboard. It is a constant research effort to collecting information. In the same way, job structure is a research effort too, but it is internal, it is about to be well- informed of job descriptions and to promote internal equity, it is collecting information too..

How does insulin binding activate the insulin receptor List the ste.pdf

sales96

Given the tree what morphological characteristics do you expect to b.pdf

sales96

Explain the intercellular junctions found on the lateral surface of an epithelial cell starting from the apical pole and progressing to the basal pole of the cell. How is the terminal bar seen on a light microscope related? Solution Epithelia are tissues composed of closely aggregated cells that cover most body surfaces, cavities, and tubes. Surface epithelia form continuous sheets that can have one or multiple cell layers. Several different types of cell junctions mediate physical strength and cell communication within the epithelium. A basement membrane lies beneath the epithelium and separates it from underlying tissue; because blood vessels do not penetrate the basement membrane, nutrients like oxygen and metabolites reach the epithelium by diffusion. Epithelia are polarized, with an apical surface that faces the external environment and a basal surface that faces the basement membrane. Microvilli are small processes that project from the apical surface of most types of epithelial cells, greatly increasing the surface area. They are notably found at the intestinal brush border and in the proximal convoluted tubule of the kidney. Stereocilia are unusually long, non- motile microvilli that are found on the surface epithelium in the epididymis and ductus deferens. Cilia are actively motile processes with a complex internal structure found on the epithelial lining of the respiratory tract and the female reproductive tract. The basement membrane, a thin non-cellular layer, intervenes between the epithelium and the connective tissue. This membrane is 30 to 60 nanometers thick and made up of collagenous and non-collagenous glycoproteins and proteoglycans. It provides structural support for the epithelium and serves as a selective barrier for the movement of materials to and from the supporting tissue. Using light microscopy, terminar bar appears as a bar at the apical surface of the cell, wherein the structures listed cannot be resolved. With electron microscopy, the terminal bar can be visually disseminated into these structures. The terminal bar is located on the lateral surface of epithelial cells, where the lateral surface meets the apical surface. It should not be confused with the Terminal web, which is an actinous web underlying microvilli on specialized epithelial cells.

Explain, in your own words, the concept of cloud computing. Do you b.pdf

sales96

More from sales96 (20)