Mechatronics for Homeland Security

MechatronicsMechatronics
for
Homeland Security 2012
Sanjay Sahay, IPS
IGP, Eastern Range, Davangere.

Structure of the PresentationStructure of the Presentation
Introduction
Technologically Yours- A will to learn
Software at the core of it all- a learning to a life time
Mechatronics- what is it all about? Objectives, Applications, Evolution and
Challenges
9/11 Changed the World
Department of Homeland Security
Its technological components
Challenges thrown to Mechatronics
Conclusion

Knowledge
BASIS FOR HUMAN EXISTENCE
OUGHT TO BE SHARED
SHOULD PASS ON FROM GENERATION TO THE OTHER
SUPER SPECILISATION AND INTERDEPENDENCE CO-EXIST
THE WHOLE WORLD HAD ONE KNOWLEDGE BASE- ARTIFICIAL BARRIERS
LEARNING A LIFE LONG PROCESS
SCALABILITY OF SKILLS IS THE KEY TO LEARNING

UN 2000-01
Cyber Crime Police Station
Mechatronics for Homeland Security
My journey to technology
UN Sudan 2005-06
Police Computerisation
Police Telecommunications
Other Technologies
The making of a Manager

THE NEED- Can the Police manage
THE NEED- Can the Police manage
without technology?

The World Changeth:
The World Changeth:
Multi Disciplinary
Cross Disciplinary
Inter Disciplinary

THE FINAL MODEL OF TODAY’S WORLD
IS A OVERLAY OF SOFTWARE AND
MANAGEMENT OF EVERY SINGLE
2012 - the face of the world
MANAGEMENT OF EVERY SINGLE
TECHNOLOGICAL AND ECONOMIC
ACTIVITY, TASK, PROCESS OR
OPERATION

Term coined in around 1980
It combines in a synergetic way the classical
engineering disciplines, mechanical and electrical
What is Mechatronics
engineering disciplines, mechanical and electrical
engineering and computer science, leading to new
types of products
Some implications on relevant research
directions are design/production techniques,
control, artificial intelligence and man/machine
interfaces

For solving synthesis task (like anti-blocking
system, ABS) engineering mechanics are , of course,
needed
needed
In addition knowledge of systems theory and
control techniques are required
Solution needs to be realised knowledge and
methods from electrical engineering, electronics and
computer science would also have to be used

Growth in interdisciplinary field
Possible as a result of the availability of cheap
Possible as a result of the availability of cheap
computational power
Further supported by the rise of versatile power
electronics
Influence of information on design

MECHATRONICS BASE DIAGRAM
A DESIGN PHILOSOPHYA DESIGN PHILOSOPHY
CONCURRENT
APPROACH

Simply Mechatronics
Any time you use electronics to control anyAny time you use electronics to control any
device to improve, automate, or increase
productivity you are using mechatronics.

Schematic Representation of Advanced Mechatronic System

The tendency is obviously to include much more
What is Mechatronics- information is the game changer
The tendency is obviously to include much more
information processing into the product to make
better use of resources and to make it more versatile
to the user

It is the extension and the completion of
mechanical systems with sensors and
microcompters that is the most important aspect
Sensors and Microcomputers complete the system
Such systems pick up changes in its enviornment
by sensors and reacts to their signals using the
appropriate information processing makes it
different from conventional machines

Software has become an integral part of the
product itself , necessary for its function and
operation
Software at the center of all technologies
It is fully justifiable to say that software has
become an actual ‘ Machine element’
Integration is the Mantra

Innovation at the core of Mechatronic Systems

Incident Flow
ALERT
Mechatronics and Homeland Security
Command and Control Center-
a
PCR
Ambulance
Fire
Video DataMap Data Incident Data
Response
Procedure
Activated
Task Completed
&
Incident Closed
Reports
C4i Operator

Evolving Field
Evolutionary Discipline
Evolving Field
Evolving Applications

Automated Guided Vehicles
UAV- Unmanned Aerial Vehicle, commonly known as
Drone
Framework for Safe & Secure City
Suggestive Applications in Homeland Security
Robots – for ex. Bomb disposal
Robots for anti-hostage operations
TETRA Radio Network
Video Surveillance System
Vehicle design suitable for law and order
Weaponry

Field of service robots
New Applications
Still very limited , due to the still underdeveloped
intelligence of these machines
Numerous research works of mobile robots

Mechatronics is leading the way in micromachining and
nanotechniques
New Applications
nanotechniques
These new fields will intensively use methods from
mechatronics to make motions within very small
dimensions visible and controllable

Supplying and defining demanding applications and
integrating the control tasks into a technical system
Co-existence of technical systems with the biological
Objectives
Co-existence of technical systems with the biological
ones
Co-existence will develop cooperation
In this cooperation between biological or otherwise
unstructured systems and technical ones , Mechatronics
will play a very essential role

In such a co-operation it will be necessary to use
Objectives
In such a co-operation it will be necessary to use
machines that can be called intelligent and cooperative , in
contrast to current industry where such an interaction is
not yet usually needed

For any such less structured enviornments, in the future
machines with some kind of intelligence would be needed
Objectives
However, it will always be the case that this ‘ Machine
Intelligence’ is not sufficient
Human being
Such man/machine interactions require an appropriate
approach

9/11 has been a watershed in modern human
history
The world changed forever
This has been one of the negative used of
9/11 – Watershed in Modern History
The world changed for ever!
This has been one of the negative used of
technology in the history of mankind
Asymmetric Warfare
One world brought the world to near disaster
Privacy was given a go by
Technology took the world centerstage
The images of 9/11 has a lasting imprint of
human mind and would stay with us forever

Creation of this dept in US Administration in Oct
2002
Merger of 23 departments with interfaces
Department of Homeland Security- A positive response
Merger of 23 departments with interfaces
worldwide
Technology as at main platform was accepted
the standard mode of handling internal security
Technology would be given as much importance
as the other critical internal security components

If 9/11 has been the most negative use of modern technology
9/11 to Abottabad
If 9/11 has been the most negative use of modern technology
then Abottabad would go down as one of the most positive
use of modern technology

Command and Control Center
Interception Systems
Suggestive Components
TETRA Radio Network
AVLS
Geo-Spatial Technology

Single Portal Access to C4i
Single Portal Access to C4i
A web-based Solution that integrates surveillance
CCTV feeds, Emergency Response, AVTS, ITS,
Coastal Security, TETRA & GPS Location data on GIS
Map

Integrated Command Control Coordination And Communication System
Multi Vendor Video
Management
Integrated Situation
Management

Incident Flow
ALERT
Command and Control Center-
a
PCR
Ambulance
Fire
Video DataMap Data Incident Data
Response
Procedure
Activated
Task Completed
&
Incident Closed
Reports
C4i Operator

C4i Functionalities
• Incident Management
• Video Management
• Training and Simulation
• Recording, Debriefing and
Analysis
• Integrated 2D GIS
• Sensor Management
• Situation at a Glance
• Sounds and Announcements
• Threat level Management
• Mobility
• VOIP Integration
Analysis
• Reports
• Administration and Authorization
• Video Wall Management
• Skill Set Management
• Work flow/Business Process

Where Are We Looking?

What Do We Intercept?
Voice Fax
Voice Fax
SMS Data

Mass Interception Architecture
Networks
Mobile ILD Fixed Sat IP
Mediation
Storage & Archival
Processing – Demod & Speech
VerbaPSV
WS 6WS 1 WS 2 WS 3 WS 4 WS 5 WS 7 WS 8
Management

Advantages Of Mass Interception Systems
• Completely passive
• Undetectable by GSM/CDMA/PSTN Subscriber
• Undetectable by Network Operator
• Same system can be configured to work with
• Same system can be configured to work with
GSM
CDMA
Fixed Line
• Accurate acquisition of network data
• Can be used with Speaker ID systems
• No interaction with network equipment
• Small size, complete system can be mounted in a small truck/van

What Can The Verbacentre Do?
• Connects to multiple service providers
• Intercepts Voice, Fax and SMS
• Records all CRI/IRI
• Processes and correlates Call Content and CRI data
• Processes and correlates Call Content and CRI data
• Demodulates Fax
• Decodes SMS
• Reconstructs GPRS/EDGE and 1xRTT Sessions
• Provides Location Cell ID
• Provides IMSI, IMEI etc..

User Interface

GSM Identity Interrogator And Geo-locator

Harrier- Applications
Key Applications
• Identification of Targets’ unknown mobile
• Detecting Targets’ Presence
• Detecting Targets’ Presence
• Direction Finding to locate Target
Other Applications
• Detection GSM Activity in a secure zone
• Profiling Targets
• Denial of Service

How It Works
GSM
Network
• Mobiles monitor up to 6 BTSs
• Harrier clones neighbour BTS
• Entices mobile to register, captures mobile identity IMSI, IMEI and TMSI etc.
Network
Harrier

Geo-locating A Target
1
• Harrier team deployed to this cell
location
• Once located Target is locked to
Harrier and Silent Call initiated.
• Target’s phone begins transmitting
3
2
• Target’s phone begins transmitting
and DF teams move in to track and
locate phone
• Multiple DF can be deployed for
rapid target location. Covert
Handheld & Body-worn DF available

Exposes the invisible
ReveaLinx
Exposes the invisible
links
hidden in your data

What is ReveaLinx
• Create nodes and links from source data
– “bottom up”
Link and Network Analysis
– “bottom up”
– disparate sources
• Visualize
– for analyst to interpret and
communicate
– harness the human mind
• Unique analytical methods
– Relationships
– Patterns
– Networks

You see data today in the form of records, tables, graphs, reports
Ref# Name Address Phone ID#
XXX101 BILL JONES 999 WEST 4TH ST 999-666-8888 234-56-7890
Source Data
YYY202 SAM SMITH 888 OAK STREET 888-999-0000 111-11-1234

Nodes
ReveaLinks breaks these records into the smallest
relevant elements - “Nodes”
BILL JONES 999 WEST 4TH ST
999-666-8888
234-56-7890
XXX101

Links
Then shows how these individual elements of data are connected
to each other – “Links”
999-666-8888
234-56-7890
XXX101

Relationships
Using both nodes and links, complex indirect relationships can be
‘discovered’ in large volumes of data
Interception Systems -
999-666-8888
234-56-7890
XXX101
PHIL CLARK 848-090-9904
JOE PAGE
459-89-9986
ROB JONES

Nodes

Attributes
Address Node Attributes
Dwelling Type: Unit
Year built: 1964
Bedrooms: 2
Title: Torrens
Total Occupants: 1
Vehicle Node Attributes
Make: Mazda
Model: Astina
Year: 1998
Engine Size: 1800
Interception Systems -
Person / Address
Link Attributes
Years at Address: 5
Status: Owner
Joint Ownership: No
Other Occupants: No
Total Occupants: 1

ReveaLinx Architecture
DB1
Data Servers
Analyst 1
Data Modelling and Analysis Investigation Presentation
Case A
Develop Applications
DB1
DB2
Deploy
Applications
Direct connection to
systems to retrieve data
ReveaLinks
Analyst 2
Workstation
Workstation
Workstation
Analyst 3Results
Delivery
Data
Files
Presenter
Presenter
Case B
Case
Delivery

TETRA
• Radio systems are still the backbone in a modern public
safety and security network, because the field operations
rely entirely on its functionality and reliability.
• TETRA = TErrestrial Trunked RAdio
• Mobile Telephony : GSM : : Radio Communication: TETRA

TETRA Is Purpose-built Technology For Mission Critical
Communication
Specialized group communication
• one-to-many communication
High availability
• Redundancy
TETRA
• Push-to-talk, instant call
connection in less than 0.5 sec
• Redundancy
• Priorities
• Direct Mode Operation
• Base station fallback
Uncompromising security
• Authentication
• Air interface encryption
• End-to-end encryption
• Disabling of stolen radios
Advanced data services
• Status and text messaging
• IP packet data
• High speed data - TEDS

In The Past Agencies Used To Have Their Own Private, Isolated
Radio Communication Systems
Fire dept.Rescue
TETRA
Fire dept.
Traffic police
Crime unit
Rescue
Public
transport
ation
Power
generation &
distribution
Ambulance

TETRA Enables Sharing Of A Common Infrastructure Between
All Mission Critical Users
Fire Dept.
TETRA
TETRA
Fire Dept.
Traffic Police
Power Generation
& Distribution
Ambulance
Public
Transportation
Crime Unit
Rescue

TETRA enabling services
• No technical communication barriers between
organizations
• Enables efficient co-operation between authorities
TETRA
• Enables efficient co-operation between authorities
especially in large incidents
• Seamless communication readiness everywhere, while
VPNs retain inter-agency privacy
• Connecting independent networks together

TETRA enabling services…
Enables new data-intensive applications:
high quality images
multimedia video clips
TETRA
multimedia video clips
access to intra/internet
field command systems
Sharing a common TETRA infrastructure by all authorities
improves inter-agency cooperation in large incidents

Components
Securing AccessTransmitting
Video
Capture Video
Managing
Video
Video Surveillance System -
Firewall
Intrusion
Detection
Wireless
Transmission
for Cameras
WAN
transmission
to NOC
Capture Video
Control
Solution
View and Store Video
Response

Video Management

Response Management
Enables Communications Between Multiple Devices
VHF
RADIO
PSTN
IPICS
UHF
RADIO
PTT over
Cellular
VoIP PTTCell
Mgmt.
Softwar
e
IP Phone

Secure Access
Application Security
System Management
Policy—Reputation—Identity
Protect the core
applications from
attack
Protect the video
content from
Network Security
Endpoint Security
Content Security
Self-Defending Network:
Best of Breed Security in a
Systems Approach
content from
misuse and
abuse
Ensure no
attacks or
malfunction in
the network
Ensure end
users cannot
abuse the
system

Features Of Proposed Architecture
• Hierarchical Architecture Video endpoints/Police stations and
Control rooms
• Easily Scalable : Add more video Surveillance points/Police stations
and Control rooms
and Control rooms
• Redundancy: In an emergency, control and monitoring can be
easily transferred to any other point on the network
• Secured IP based Network enables Anywhere, Anytime, Any
Device, access
• Easy to Manage: Management/Administration and Configuration
through Web clients
• Third party Integration: Integration of 3rd party Video Analytics,
Storage .. etc

Next Steps
• Determine the Type of Camera’s required at each video
Surveillance points
• Determine the bandwidth required at each video Surveillance
• Determine the bandwidth required at each video Surveillance
points
• Conduct the feasibility study to determine the Type of
Connectivity media ( Ethernet/Leased line/Wireless) required
between video Surveillance points to Police stations and to
Control room and DGP office and work closely with service
providers.
• Finalize on 3rd party application Integration
• Finalize the Architecture

Technology Position In Adoption Cycle
In Vehicle Display Terminals
OCC Systems
Offline Vehicle Tracking
Fleet Management Solution
Online Vehicle Tracking
AVLS
I Innovators
EA Early Adopters
EM Pragmatists Early Majority
LM Pragmatists Late Majority
T Traditionalists
I EA EM LM T
C
h
a
s
m
Live Video Streaming
OCC Systems
Offline Vehicle Tracking
Driver Identification System
Mobile Application
Occupancy Monitoring System
Passenger Identification Systems
Driver Assistance System
In Vehicle Computers
Estimated Time of Arrival Systems
Navigation Systems

GPS Technology
Server
Geostationary Satellite
OverLAN
ProtectedbyFirewall&IDS
AVLS -
Mobile Service Provider
Network
Mobile Tower
GPS/GPRS Module
Reports
Security
Team
Over
Private
APN
OverLAN
ProtectedbyFirewall&IDS

Technology & Benefits
AVLS

Key Functionalities
Locating Closest First Responder On An Incident
Report Using Fleetcheck
Once an incident information is
AVLS -
Once an incident information is
received at the control room, then
can navigate in the map to that
report and identify the closest police
officer to that location. This can
closely integrate with Dial 100
solution aswell.

Directing The Officer To The Right Incident Spot
When a police officer has to
Key Functionalities
AVLS
When a police officer has to
be sent to a particular
location, the control room
staff can advice on the
directions to be taken by the
vehicle using the live vehicle
movement data on the maps.

Key Functionalities
Automated Trip Sheet Generation
The man power spent on
report generation and
AVLS
report generation and
maintenance can be reduced
with the help of automated
trip sheet generation. Data
includes vehicle on nightly
basis, with starting location
and all the other locations
covered by the vehicle.

Key Functionalities
Efficient Fuel Disbursement
Fuel level can be monitored
live across vehicles and the
usage can be monitored and
controlled efficiently.

Key Functionalities
Feature to provide vehicle service alerts at every
programmed km interval
AVLS
programmed km interval
The vehicle maintenance
schedules can be fed to the
system to generate alerts at
periodic intervals.

Key Functionalities
Creating Active Geofences To Track Critical Vehicle Movement
If a particular police vehicle is
AVLS
If a particular police vehicle is
on a predetermined trip such
as moving prisoners, etc, a
virtual fence may be created
which can be used to detect
any violations to the
prescribed route.

Key Functionalities
Capability To Track All Idling Locations, Idling Durations
AVLS
All the locations where the
vehicle was stopped including
for traffic lights will be tracked
and will be available in the
control room.

Key Functionalities
Ability To Look At The Path Traveled By The Vehicle For
Any Given Timeframe
AVLS
Any Given Timeframe
From one location, i.e. the
control room, the tracking
members can identify the trace
of route or path taken by the
vehicle in any given timeframe.
The coverage of the patrol to
various points can be tracked
using the system.

GPS Enabled Departments
GPS Enabled Departments
Bangalore police had adopted GPS for about 750
four wheelers which is monitored from central
AVLS
four wheelers which is monitored from central
command and control center. Now the Bangalore
police is expanding to two wheeler tracking as well.
Delhi police had adopted GPS technology for about
640 two and four wheelers, which are monitored
and operated from central command and control
center.

• Live tracking of the first responder vehicles
• State of the art control room for monitoring the operations
• Dial 100, emergency call handling system
Key Functionalities
AVLS
• Dial 100, emergency call handling system
• Officer & Team identification and coordination
• Estimated time of arrival to the destination
• Alert and Communicate with the officers on the move
• Log of exact activity by individual officers.
• Control over unauthorized and unscheduled stoppages.
• Faster response time by better coordination with traffic
department

Live View Screenshot
AVLS

DHS Mission Statement
According to the National Strategy for Homeland Security and
DHS’S mission statement,
homeland security covers prevention, protection, response, and
recovery.recovery.
Geospatial products and intelligence play a key role in
departments’ preparation for disasters and its response to
them and support incident management

Sun Synchronous Imaging Satellites
RRRR
EEEE
QQQQ
UUUU
IIII
RRRR
EEEE
MMMM
EEEE
Spectral Bands
EEEE
TTTT
SSSS
Swath
Ortho Pan

Geospatial Information Stages
Geo
Techno- Specialty
Core
Ideas
Techno-
logies
Data
Specialty
Fields

Geospatial Technology
Some applications in Homeland Security
Geospatial Technology provides enhanced geospatial
understanding of a facilities vulnerabilities and speed up
detection and response time in the event of a security breach
Rapid access to extensive data, displayed in a geospatial
medium helps protect critical assets and infrastructure and
ensures public safety

DHS Spatial Data Infrastructure
DHS Spatial Data Infrastructure (SDI),a subset of Enterprise
Architecture, consists of geographic system software and
hardware, geospatial applications, data, standards, policies,hardware, geospatial applications, data, standards, policies,
programs, and the human resources necessary to acquire,
process, analyze, store, maintain, distribute, and otherwise use
geospatial data as a strategic asset for the DHS and the nation

Geospatial Preparedness
The Final Destination
Means the level of overall capability and capacity necessary to
enable all levels of the Dept to use geospatial data, geographic
information systems software and hardware, and geospatial
applications to perform essential functions such as prevention,applications to perform essential functions such as prevention,
detection, planning, mitigation, response, and recovery in order
to minimize loss of life and property from weapons of mass
destruction, terrorist threats, major threats, major man made
accidents, and natural disasters

Conclusion
Mechatronics has the capability to design and
deliver products which can radically change our
quality of response in the war against terror. Thequality of response in the war against terror. The
missing like is the lack of interconnect between
the two at the R & D level. An integrated and all
inclusive technology strategy is the answer.

Conclusion
A State of Art Center for Homeland Security is the answer!

You guys have been good to me
Thank You

Mechatronics for Homeland Security

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