This is a lecture about pulmonary tuberculosis control. (TB or PTB)

1. Prof. Roel Tolentino, MD, MBA,
FACS, FPCS, FPSGS, FPSO, FMOSP
TV, Radio and Lay Health Educator
Professor Level IV
TBPREVENTION
AND CONTROL

2. Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (NYC)
University Hospitals of Columbia University and
Cornell Medical College (NYC)
MD Anderson Cancer (Texas)
Beijing Cancer Hospital (China)
Chongqing Medical University (China)
Suining Central Hospital (China)
De La Salle University – BS. Biology;
Medicine
Manila Med – General Surgery
SLMC – Surgical Oncology
Ateneo GSB - MBA
ProfRoel Tolentino, MD, MBA

3. Prof. Roel Tolentino, MD, MBA,
FACS, FPCS, FPSGS, FPSO, FMOSP
TV, Radio and Lay Health Educator
Professor Level IV
TBPREVENTION
AND CONTROL

4. 2/12/2020 4

5. • Tuberculosis is often called TB for short.
• TB is a serious but treatable infection, caused by the bacterium
mycobacterium tuberculosis.

6. • TB is primarily a illness of the lungs but it can infect any part of the body.
TB can also infect other parts of the body such as the brain or spine this is referred to as
non-pulmonary TB.
• A person with TB can die if they do not get treatment.

7. The symptoms of pulmonary TB are as follows:
• A cough that lasts for more than 2-3 weeks
• Coughing up blood or sputum
• Weakness or extreme tiredness
Symptoms

8. • Loss of appetite
• Weight loss
• Night sweats
• Fever
• Pain in the chest
Symptoms

9. • Loss of appetite
• Weight loss
• Night sweats
• Fever
• Pain in the chest
Symptoms

10. • One of the most important risk factors for contracting TB is spending sufficient time with
someone who has an infectious form of the illness. It may take up to eight hours or more
of exposure for sufficient numbers of the bacteria to build up in the body. Other risk
factors include;
• HIV
• Living in a country or city where TB is common.
• TB in the UK is more common in the bigger cities.
• Working in an environment where TB disease is common, such as a prison or a
homeless shelter
• Living in overcrowded conditions such as hostels, prisons and student halls.
• Using illegal drugs
• Living in damp, dark and dusty accommodation.
• Having a week immune system this could be from;
– Certain prescription drugs
– Being pregnant
– Being elderly
– Poor diet
Risk factors

11. • spending sufficient time with someone who
has an infectious form of the illness.
Risk factors

12. • HIV
Risk factors

13. • Living in a country or city where TB is
common.
Risk factors

14. • working in an environment where TB
disease is common, such as a prison or a
homeless shelter
Risk factors

15. • Living in overcrowded conditions such as
hostels, prisons and student halls.
Risk factors

16. • Using illegal drugs
• Living in damp, dark and dusty
accommodation.
Risk factors

17. • Having a week immune system this could be
from;
–Certain prescription drugs
–Being pregnant
–Being elderly
–Poor diet
Risk factors

18. • TB is spread from person to person through
the air.
How is it spread?

19. • When a person with infectious TB coughs or
sneezes they propel small droplets with the
germs into the air.
• These germs can stay in the air for several
hours.
How is it spread?

20. • These germs can stay in the air for several
hours.
How is it spread?

21. • People with latent TB infection have no
symptoms and are not infectious.
How is it spread?

22. • TB is not spread through shared surfaces,
shaking someone’s hand, sharing
toothbrushes, kissing or sharing cups and
cutlery.
How is it spread?

23. • Good hygiene, such as covering your mouth
when you cough or using a tissue when you
sneeze can help stop the transmission of
TB.
How is it spread?

24. • serious but curable illness
• fatal if left untreated.
Treatment

25. • involves a combination of 3-4 different
antibiotics given over a 6-9 month period
although in some cases this may be longer.
Treatment

26. • if the drugs are not taken correctly, the
germs that are still alive may become
resistant to those drugs.
Treatment

27. • In rare cases, TB can be fatal even with
treatment. Death can occur if the lungs
become too damaged to work properly.
Treatment

28. • Good ventilation
• Education
• Improve immunity
PREVENTION

29. • Improved habits
• Avoid contact with infected persons
PREVENTION

30. INTESTINAL TB

31. SKELETAL TB

32. ABSCESS IN THE LUNG

33. TB OF THE BREAST

34. PELVIS/GENITAL TB

35. • IMPORTANT - You should always see a
doctor if you have a cough that lasts
more than three weeks or if you cough
up blood.
TB is highly curable especially when
treated early!
Questions?

36. Questions

38. roel_tolentino@yahoo.com
8788-1412
0916-4079417
0932-8462203
2/12/2020 38

39. Thank
You