Joseph Szabo Photographer Chronicle

Joseph Szabo Essay
Joseph Szabo, born in 1944 in Toledo (Ohio), is a contemporary American photographer, whose
body of work could serve as an intimate chronicle of adolescence over the past four decades.
Receiving his education from Pratt Institute in New York (1968), Szabo started his teaching
experience, firstly at Malverne High School in New York (1972–1999), and later also lecturing at
the International Center of Photography (since 1978). Since the very beginning, he started to
intensively observe his students, what later resulted in his landmark book "Almost Grown" (1978),
instantly acclaimed by critics. In the one thematic body of work, Szabo has been recording the Jones
Beach in Long Island (since 1969), or documented the Rolling Stones' Philadelphia concert (1978)
through the portraits of the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Referring to the classical genre, as the portrait of an artist, Frajndlich became recognized for the
portraits of his fellow photographers, enriched by the short note about each of the portrayed. As a
young boy, he moved with his family from Germany to Israel, France, Brazil, studying under Minor
Martin White at the Department of Photography in Arlington Heights, Massachusetts. Finally
settling in New York in 1983, he continued his education at the Visual Studies Workshop in
Rochester. As the well–known series of photographers' portraits, the rest of Abe Frajndlich's body of
work remains ambiguous and often ironic, including "Figments" (1975) or "Cleveland Infra Red"
(1981). His work has been widely published in several magazines and photobooks, as well as
featured in solo and groups exhibitions. Frajndlich held one–man shows at the Jewish Museum
(2003) and International Forum of Photography (1997), both in Frankfurt am Main, and group
displays at the Akron Art Museum (2014), the Corcoran Gallery of Art in Washington, D.C. (2011),
or Museum of Contemporary Art in Cleveland
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Brooklyn Museum : A Museum Essay
Kendrick Narcisse Professor Sherrell Brooklyn Museum Report #1 Before walking into The
Brooklyn Museum, I didn't know what to anticipate as I do not identify as a frequent museum
visitor. However, soon after stepping inside this massive gallery I learned that this museum is one of
the largest art museums in the United States and one of the premier art institutions in the world. I
immediately got lost walking up and down the floors of this massive museum visiting every culture
and gaining appreciation and taste of what life like was thousands of years ago. Through this
experience of going to the museum, I gained a much bigger knowledge base and understanding of
ancient cultures through permanent collections include a wide range of objects from ancient
Egyptian masterpieces and ancient African masterpieces to contemporary art, representing almost
every culture in the world. After viewing all the cultures in their galleries, I gravitated towards the
Ancient African and Egyptian Cultures. The reason why i choose these cultures moreover then the
other cultures was because I found these two cultures to be the most distinctive, unique, and
important cultures. Two particular pieces I was particularly interested and inspired by was the
Helmet Mask (African Culture) and the blank. Through these ancient culture collections, I learned
how distinct each culture was and how cultures intertwined and influenced each other. (1992.135.2)
(Medium) (wood, metal, pigment) (19th Century)–

Schindler's Role In The Emalia Factory
Bramm Nafael and Hermann Lewkowice. Josek Niemic and Ezriel Putter. Selig Kopeo and Samuel
Kopeo. The list goes on and on, easily entering the thousands. They were Holocaust survivors, all
saved and safeguarded by Schindler when they worked in his Emalia factory. The factory, although
not quite as well known as Schindler's List, not only marked the beginning of Schindler's endeavors
to save Jews, but also played a critical role in Schindler's master plan.
The "seeds" of the Emalia Factory were planted the early 1930s and soon started sprouting not many
years later. During that time, Germany had already started programs aimed at "Aryanizing" non–
Aryan owned businesses, especially Jews. Since it mainly targeted Jews, the programs were most
likely ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Judging from his actions, Schindler wasn't deterred by the fact that some Jews were simply a
deadweight, but instead, only tried to save as many Jews as possible. To provide a legitimate reason
to SS officers of the large number of Jews employed in his factory, Schindler claimed that all the
workers were essential to the war effort. Without them, the production rate of the factory would
drastically decrease. Since the factory did produce items that benefited the German army, his claim
of Jews being "essential" did seem pretty real, therefore allowing Schindler to raise a curtain to
prying eyes. This then provided Schindler with more time to shield the Jews until the Soviets were
able to defeat Germany and liberate the camp. Furthermore, the Jews who worked and lived in the
sub–camp inside the factory weren't mistreated in any way. No one was left starving. No one was
physically abused. No one was killed. Compared to the brutal concentration camps, the Emalia
factory was simply a haven, helping to alleviate the great amount of psychological trauma and pain
imprinted in the Jews. One time, Amon Goeth, an SS officer came to the factory for inspection, and
he saw Isak Pila, a 20–year old Jewish worker asleep under a table. He immediately told Schindler
to kill him, but

Reflections At Keppel Bay Analysis
In the lecture 'The language of Architecture' by Daniel Libeskind, he talks about communicating
through light, proportion and material and shares with us his insights and projects that he has
worked on or his work in progress.
'Reflections at Keppel bay' presents a radical project with the idea of creating a home that is unique,
different from the sense of conformity and overpopulation that is observed in residential
developments. The double curvature of the structure is a functional idea which allows every level to
lie in a different space, creating a staggered effect; residences are not seen from the same viewpoint
or are located next to each other. This gives a sense of individuality for each residential space. The
double curvature is adorned in anodized aluminium that creates a lustrous surface and also amounts
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It is a mixed–use typology which caters for residential, recreational and retail needs. Westside was
design with the intention of creating public spaces that could provide for day and night activities.
The roof cuts allow daylight to filter in and paired with the extensive window cuts, the façade opens
up and deliberately brings light into the shopping mall.
'Royal Ontario Museum' in Toronto, Canada features a futuristic building with unprecedented forms.
The museum serves as a wonder of nature and art and the topography of space reflects light
throughout different times of the day. The museum did not cut out any old buildings around it but
instead the building was cut to reveal some of the façade of the old buildings. The historical
buildings, complemented by the modern façade of the museum enhances the relationship between
traditional and innovation. The ground level of the museum provides a continuous space without any
distinction throughout the entire

Daniel Karavan Research Paper
Daniel Karavan was born in Tel Aviv to to Abraham and Zehava. Abraham was the chief landscape
architect of the city of Tel Aviv from the early 40s to the late 60s, and provoked an artistic interest in
his son from a very young age. Dani spent the early 60s designing scenery for theater, dance and
opera, at the same time he was commissioned to create environmental sculptures in Israel. In 1976
he represented Israel in the Biennale of Venice. Since then he has created a series of sculptures
around the world, has exhibited in various acclaimed museums, receiving numerous international
awards. Karavan lives and works in Tel Aviv, Paris and Florence, and has gone on to come an
outstanding contemporary artist, landscape architect, as well as a world–renowned Israeli sculptor.
Karavan has always ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The steel steps focus one's gaze down on the rolling sea below, and the glass plate limits your
advancement, forcing you to confront the engraved words, stirring contemplative emotions. The
steep rocky path leading back to the entrance reflects Benjamin's ill–fated journey to the border, and
the eventual steel platform provides a space in which to consider the fragility of life amid the
peaceful symbol of the lone olive tree and the adjacent cemetery. Karavan has a unique capability to
connect with his environment. He portrays an awareness and subtle delicacy in his art that balances
the tone set by his powerful pieces. The appreciation he has to his setting enables him to make the
bold, inorganic statements of his brand of land art. His commissioned pieces all have the touch of a
man who has mastered his approach to design, encapsulating a series of deeper meanings in his
work while using a level of technical proficiency that allows his to communicate in both the simple
and the absurd. Bibliography: Lailach, M. (2007) Land Art. Cologne:

Jewish Museum Exhibition Analysis
Exhibitions are narrative tools which museums and other public institutions assemble to inform,
engage and inspire their visitors. The exhibitions are developed using variety of communicative
process which generates visitor learning and interpretation on various levels. The understanding of
the message largely depends on effective visitor engagement and participation. It is not about 'what'
you present but how to present it. Each visitor develops their own interpretation based on prior
knowledge and new experience. It is believed that the most effective interpretation is provocative
rather than instructional which is supported through engagement and discussion. The primary role of
an exhibition is to create environment for dialogues and visitor ... Show more content on
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While the aims of the museum are a fine example of the way museums can be used to stimulate
discussion about serious issues, the Museum ultimately fails these aims as open–ended
communication is eclipsed by high tech interactives. Intolerance is framed as an individual problem
which can only be overcome at the personal level. This tension between an exclusive understanding
of the Holocaust and the need to counteract acts of racial violence all over the world is reflected in
the initial stages of the Museum's development. As museum's brochure explains, 'this high–tech,
hands–on experiential Museum focuses on two themes through unique interactive exhibits: the
dynamics of racism and prejudice in America, and the history of the Holocaust'. These interactive
exhibits 'engage visitors in real–life situations that help to identify their own existing and potential
prejudices'. The language used is both moralistic and didactic – we are told how to think and what to
do. This is reinforced by a right of passage experience in which visitors have to choose between two
doors to gain access to the 'Tolerancenter'. The one on the left is under the sign 'intolerant' while the
one on the right is signposted 'tolerant' (Witcomb, 2003, p.135–137). There is a thin line between
museum learning experience and theme park interactivity. Many museums are failing ignoring this

The Term Holocaust Is Defined By Merriam-Websters Dictionary
The term holocaust is defined by Merriam–Websters Dictionary as "great destruction of life, esp. by
fire" and the Holocaust as "the killing of millions of European Jews by the Nazis." This horrific
crime is one of the most highly documented genocides of the 20th century. In an article for the
Contemporary European History journal titled The Causes of the Holocaust, author Timothy Snyder
writes, ". . . Hitler sealed a military alliance with the Soviet Union in August 1939. The German–
Soviet invasion of Poland that quickly followed that September began a world war, destroyed the
Polish state, and brought two million Jews under German power. For the first time, the special
Einsatzgruppen were entrusted with mass murder. . ." When we put time ... Show more content on
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Businesses were set ablaze by former friends and the same devoted customers that they had happily
served only hours prior. These people tell firsthand how they were cast out of their own homes while
their belongings were being tossed like garbage and their valuables distributed amongst all the
attackers and people they once thought of as family. They serve as an example of how fast an entire
nation of people can be swayed to do things that are hateful and immoral against their own fellow
countrymen. This all resulted from a law that dictated the Jews had no rights to anything. Regardless
if were pressured to do things or were motivated by self–benefit or economic reasons, each side is
told in this exhibit. Every dark and guilty memory is shown through the eyes of real people.
Despite the enormous amounts of graphic physical evidence there are still those who downplay the
events that happened during the Holocaust. They claim the numbers of people murdered were highly
exaggerated. A growing number of groups are denying the Holocaust ever occurred and are labeling
it the "Holohoax". Rather than face defeat by his newfound enemy (the United States), Hitler
decided to rid himself of any evidence by any means possible. Some of the included methods were:
evil scientific experiments, incineration, mass executions, gas chambers, poisoning and starvation.
The Holocaust museum captures all

Is Religion Truly Affected People 's Lives? Essay
Religion is a huge aspect in people's lives, although not in mine, I have learned a lot more of the
ways religion truly affects people's lives. I came into this class a little skeptical, I had not known
very much about religion at all, I was worried it would be uninteresting to me. To my surprise I had
actually enjoyed learning more about each religion. Through some of the readings we did I figured it
would be most interesting to visit a Synagogue, since I did not know much about their services. I
went to the Cape Cod Synagogue where I attended a Friday night Kabbalat Shabbat service on July
22nd. I definitely learned a lot about Judaism by attending this service and now have a new outlook
on how Judaism actually works. Cape Cod Synagogue is a popular synagogue in Hyannis, MA.
They offer a community for Jewish people to come and practice Judaism and preserve the Jewish
culture. There are many different committees and groups for different people to become involved in.
Having many different outlets for people to practice their faith is very important in today's society.
One example of this synagogues opportunities is the Women of Reform Judaism group. I thought
that this was very cool, being able to connect with other women you share religion with. Small
communities like this open up lifelong friendships. The event I chose to attend was the 4th Friday of
the month Chardonnay Shabbat. It offered a traditional Shabbat service but also included special
wine and cheese prior to

Samuel Norich Research Paper
Samuel Norich is the president and chief executive officer of the Forward. He has served as
executive director of the Forward Association and publisher of the Yiddish Forverts since 1997 and
as publisher of the English Forward since 2000. Before joining the Forward Association, he served
as vice president of the World Jewish Congress and the executive director of YIVO Institute for
Jewish Research.
Originally from Germany, Samuel immigrated to the United States when he was a child during the
1950's and attended Columbia University as an undergraduate, and the University of Wisconsin–
Madison and the Hebrew University of Jerusalem as a graduate student. He has served on the boards
of Folksbiene Yiddish Theatre and Meretz USA for Israeli Civil

Voodoo In African-American Culture
In American popular culture, the word "voodoo" has become synonymous with macabre imagery
and the practice of dark magic. This notion is evident in the portrayal of voodoo in movies, music,
literature, and on the Internet. "Voodoo" is often inaccurately used as a single term to refer to a
number of different African Diasporic religions, including West African Vodun, Hatian Vodou, and
American Voodoo. Also included is hoodoo, an African–American folk magic that has gradually
supplanted American Voodoo since the early 19th century. Hoodoo itself is not a religion, although it
does borrow elements from both African and European religions and shares a historical connection
with Vodun, Vodou, and Voodoo.
Hoodoo and American Voodoo are both syncretic traditions that have incorporated many different
beliefs and practices from a variety of cultures and religions, constantly evolving to suit the ... Show
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Both hoodoo and Voodoo are found throughout contemporary American society. Most notable is the
imagery of Voodoo, which is appealing for a variety of reasons, specifically the dark themes. As
stated by author Yvonne P. Chireau, "Voodoo, as it is used in the American context, connotes an
illicit form of spirituality, and many images have been used to bolster the notorious associations
between it, racial blackness, and evil magic" (8). In addition to this, hoodoo and Voodoo are often
used synonymously, creating further confusion for the general public with little knowledge of the
true nature of hoodoo and the religious tradition of Voodoo. Despite these inconsistencies with
reality, the focus on the darker elements and the problematic identification seems to create even
more commercial appeal for Voodoo and

We Should Teach The Holocaust Essay
Why we should teach the Holocaust
The Holocaust is an event that happened because of other's silence and the Nazis who put Jewish
people in concentration camps and killed them as well as killing Jehovah's Witnesses, Roma
Gypsies, people against the Nazis, priests and pastors, homosexuals, the mentally and physically
disabled and many others. Though many of modern times wish to reserve teaching the Holocaust to
high schoolers and students in college since they are older, but we should teach the Holocaust to
middle schoolers because it allows them to understand why the event happened, they are mature
enough to handle the subject and they can also grasp the concepts of discrimination as well as
understand more about the complex issues of the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
How it could affect children's points of view on Germany can only happen if as stated by James
Smith who is chairman of the Holocaust Center "The study of the Holocaust leaves children ill–
disposed to present day Germany only if it is badly taught.". There are also those who think that
teaching the Holocaust is difficult for students of any kind to understand and get across. But there
have been ideas on how to teach it to students which is talked about by Professor Zehavit Gross in
an article by The Jerusalem Post where she said this "it was found that Holocaust education is more
effective within the framework of civic education than within the framework of history education."
and also this " According to my perception, Holocaust education has to be accompanied with
intensive teaching of anti–racism education.".
We should teach the Holocaust to middle schoolers because of their maturity on understanding
discrimination, understanding why the Holocaust happened and can also grasp the complex issues of
the Holocaust and how it affects the present which happened because of other's silence and the
Nazis who put Jewish people in concentration camps and killed them as well as killing Jehovah's
Witnesses, Roma Gypsies, people against the Nazis, priests and pastors, homosexuals, the mentally
and physically disabled and many

world war 2 holocaust essay
World War II Research Task: National History Challenge Theme 'Legend, Fact and History'. I am
against the premise that our contemporary, current understanding of the Holocaust and the
persecution of the Jews is a combination of 'Legend, Fact and History.' I'm arguing that the only
crucial, relevant aspect of our view is fact! That includes undeniable evidence that is totally
accepted by all. Some historical records in our time are only causing controversy because many
professional historians that disagree with the premise of the Holocaust are presenting their point of
view in public. They are more dangerous than the Holocaust deniers; this is due to them reducing
the number of Jews exterminated considerably but try to keep the unit ... Show more content on
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Evidence that would have been helpful today was obliterated by the Nazis include gas chambers that
were broken down, written records which were burnt away and more importantly, photographic
evidence that we partially recovered but still destroyed. Nevertheless, some evidence remained in
the hearts and souls of those who had escaped the concentration camps and immigrated to Palestine,
today's Israel. My personal beliefs do not only come from the research I have conducted nor what I
had learnt in class, but from my own family story that goes back to my grandfather and great
grandmother who had managed to survive the 'Crime of the Century'. As represented in my
arguments, I believe that it is safe to say that the only significant aspect relevant to the occurrence of
the Holocaust is fact. Moreover, it would be dangerous to allow contradiction to rise as history could
repeat it self. Therefore it is everyone's duty to educate and learn of this horrifying event and never
forget the consequences and loses to the

New Media Art With Its Intrinsic Characteristics
Crowdsourced Documentation New media art with its intrinsic characteristics (instability and
variability)[1] poses complex challenges in documentation, this observation is not new, and
initiatives such as the DOCAM [2] (Documentation and Conservation of Media Arts Heritage) and
Variable Media Network[3] have provided methods and tools to properly document media artworks.
Nevertheless, the social phenomena of crowdsourcing and crowdfunding, presents new challenges
for the established documentation methods and standards. This essay aims to address this subject by
exploring examples of recent exhibitions and artworks frequently involve public participation and
interactivity, examining crowdsourced documentation can be a valid source created by various
contributors. September 16, 2016, Take me (I?m Yours)[4] took place in New York?s Jewish
Museum, as its first ever exhibition made possible by the digital crowdfunding campaign via
Kickstarter. With a total $31,018 pledged, 340 backers helped forty–two international and
intergenerational artists create 400,000+ artworks to be given away during this unconventional
exhibition, visitors are encouraged to participate, touch, and even take the artworks on view home
with them (Jewish Museum, 2016b). Museums turn to crowdfunding is far from novel, but the
reasons of the Jewish Museum launched its first Kickstarter campaign are varied, of course, in order
to mass–product the thousands upon thousands of artworks

Analysis Of Out Of The Attic By Briann G. Greenfield
Likewise, many historians consider the importance of studying the Colonial Revival from a material
culture lens. Alan Axelrod articulates, "Objects play a central role in the processes of the Colonial
Revival." Similarly, Briann G. Greenfield's Out of the Attic: Inventing Antiques in Twentieth–
Century New England, suggests an extension of this idea of the centrality of objects. It is, in effect, a
celebration of material culture as it relates to a larger historical context. Greenfield effectively
describes the evolution of historical and aesthetic use of antiques from the 1900's onward. Acts of
collecting, selling, and displaying the antiques are points of interest in her collection of essays. She
notes t antiques as a means to define ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Chapter three presents Jessie Barker Gardner and George Gardner as twentieth century antique
collectors based in Providence New England. The couple were small time, middle–class antique
collectors. They were interested in the philanthropic area of collecting. The Gardner's sought to
make a connection between the collegiate space and the museum. Eventually, the Gardner's donated
many of their most prized collectables to Brown University. They implemented very crafty and
effective sales techniques. Their goal was to "subvert the market and capture the antiques at bargain
prices." Though Jessie and George Gardner relished the pursuit of collecting and philanthropy, it
was almost always about the profitability. This discussion offers a connection to Thomas
Denenberg's use of Wallace Nutting. Like Nutting, the Gardner's excelled in a plethora of marketing
techniques and entrepreneurship. She further links the importance of consumer culture that
Denenberg alludes too. Chapter four is devoted Henry Flynt and his efforts in historic preservation
and antiques in Deerfield, Massachusetts. He, too, believed that historic objects reflected American
patriotism. He criticized Williamsburg and Deerfield as being "restored or preserved villages."
Conversely, under his direction, Deerfield, Massachusetts became a "natural preservation." This
chapter further mentions companies

Art Galleries And Art Museums
An institution with the purpose of preserving, protecting and publically displaying collections
ranging from various paintings to different artefacts are museums. Their historical development also
led to intellectual evolution and divergence of the public thought on objects that are placed inside.
Today we question the values of seeing those objects; for an example, museum sceptics undermine
the value of museums and collections. Nevertheless, there are several main points that argue against
the beliefs of "museum sceptics" and they propose that when seeing objects in a museum we gain
value of praising and preserving the past, preserving cultural heritage and acquire an educational
value.
Art galleries and museums are nowadays indispensable institutions mainly in important cities
around the world. The Metropolis provides the perfect social and political environment to develop
the civic ritual founded by Art Museums and its now rooted tradition. (Duncan, 1995, p.21)
However, predominant thought that questions seeing objects in a museum is proposed by the
"museum sceptics". According to Carrier, museum sceptics state that art in museums does not
survive, meaning it loses its power. Museums de facto fail to preserve the art constituted in old
objects that are collected. This belief also rejects 'time travel' in museums since they argue that it is
only an illusion. (Carrier, 2006, pp. 50–51) This is a rather philosophical approach, but it strongly
rejects the claim that old

Jewish People and Collective Memory: The Early Years of...
As will be evident when I proceed with the examination of Gordon's essays, one of the main themes
is the establishment of Jewish group identity; the negative diasporic identity Gordon creates is
essential to compliment the positive future identity of the Jewish people. Following the definition of
Fredrik Barth, group identity is created through shared fundamental cultural values and entails a
membership that identifies themselves as members and which is identified by others as members.
Group identity emerges when a group of people shares a common culture and this culture distinctly
differs from the culture of other groups. Cultural features can be material such as dress, language,
shape of house, or be based on basic values like standard of morality or excellence of achievement
(Barth: 10–11). It is significant for identity creation, that while certain features are considered
unifying, others are ignored. The features considered important for the self–identification of a
certain group are the identity markers that make the group distinct from other groups (Barth: 14).
National identity is one of the social identities that has had the most impact on historical events,
with both positive and negative consequences, as for example the great romantic–national
movement of the nineteenth century (Salazar 1998: 114). This movement affected the identity of the
Jewish people in emphasizing their lack of nationhood. Jose Miguel Salazar defines national
sentiment by four elements:

I Who Have Arrived In Heaven: Film Analysis
The contemporary art world has seen many changes throughout the years. Advances in technology,
viewer outreach, and money has allowed for the visual arts to accelerate at a faster pace. With the
advent of the Internet and social media websites, an implied growth of interests in the visual arts has
been developing. One example of the impact social media has on the contemporary art world is the
2013 exhibition I Who Have Arrived In Heaven by Yayoi Kusama held at the David Zwirner gallery.
Attendees waited three hours in line at a chance to participate in the Infinity Room and take a
"selfie" to upload to Instagram, a popular social media application that is photo centric. According to
a New York Times article written in 2013 for the exhibition, ... Show more content on
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Sotheby's approached this in a different way than most institutions would, by asking Drake to curate
the music to accompany the works in the exhibition that were selected and curated by Sotheby's
specialists. In hopes to boost sales in their private sector and some also speculate to garner younger
collectors– they are utilizing Drake's name to expand their pool of buyers in the best way they know
how, social media. The exhibition "I Like It Like This" showcases 56 works of contemporary
African–American artists', range from Jean–Michel Basquiat and Terry Atkins to Kara Walker and
Wangechi Mutu. Sotheby's thought it advantageous to have the global superstar musician interpret
the works through his selection of music. During the exhibition, visitors are able to listen to the
tracks via Beats by Dre headphones, a highly profitable electronics company co–founded by rapper
Dr. Dre. At the media preview, Sotheby's specialists urged viewers to take photos and share them on
social media, specifically Instagram. These specialists even challenged the viewers to pick their own
soundtrack for the selected works in order to be featured on Sotheby's website. As the specialists

Judaism Truly Value The Culture Of Non Violence
"The wolf shall lie with the lamb and the leopard with the kid." Isaiah 11:6. One of the more
commonly known verses from the Hebrew bible. There are many verses such as this that express the
longing for a culture without violence that is attributed to the ethical values of Judaism. Upon
further research including an ethnographic study it was clear that followers of Judaism truly value
the culture of non–violence. It is these ethics and values within the Judaistic tradition for the
development of non–violence that are invaluable for contemporary society as they help to create a
safer civilisation.
Firstly, the Torah or Hebrew bible has many different examples and teachings on violence, non–
violence, punishment and war (Freeman, 2015). Isaiah 2:4 states "He will judge between the nations
and will settle disputes for many peoples. They will beat their swords into ploughshares' And their
spears into pruning hooks. Nation will not take up sword against nation, nor will they train for war
anymore." The thirst for a world without violence is clearly portrayed in this passage and it appears
to reflect one of the strongest values of Judaism. However in Joel 4:9–10 this idiom is reused in a far
more barbaric manner (Heft, 2004). "Announce this to the nations: Proclaim a holy war! Alert the
warriors! Let all the soldiers report and march! Beat your ploughshares into swords, and your
pruning knives into spears; Let the weakling boast, "I am a warrior!"" Of these passages, which
shows

Jacques-Louis Wiley Visual Culture
Ackeem Salmon
Visual Culture of Africa
Professor Amy Lazet
Research paper
Kehinde Wiley
Rough Draft Born on February 28, 1977 in Los Angeles, CA, African American Painter Kehnide
Wiley grew up in an environment that was driven by some of the defining elements of "hip–hop, the
violence, antisocial behavior, and streets on firestreets on fire" (Whiley Studio). . These
environmental factors never stopped Wiley from pushing his career. Both him and his twin brother
were constantly motivated by their mother to pursue their dreams. On weekends, she would send
them to art classes at a conservatory and after school she would have them on lockdown in order to
keep them away from the influences in the environment they lived. According ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
In addition, he was able to maintain a wholly original sensibility and style by bringing the particular
influence of classical painters such as Titian or Jean–Auguste–Dominique Ingres to his work. These
inspirations have expanded Whiley's canvases over the course of his career and as such he began
depicting his subjects, young black models or music icons, in heroic defeat as well as triumph.
Whiley raises socio –political issues regarding power and authority with his practice, exploring the
life and identity of black men around the world today, in that he believed it is possible to hold twin
desires in the head, such as the desire to look at a black American culture as underserved, in need of
representation, a desire that reflects culture and lay its parts bare, and look at it almost

Art Analysis: Election Night II By Jack Levine
Election Night II by Jack Levine was the first painting that really caught my eye during our visit to
the museum. Perhaps it was the loud, party atmosphere or the distinct characters that drew my
attention. The scene that is depicted is of an after party of sorts for a politician after an American
election. The politician is seen in the center of the painting, another man's arm around his shoulders.
An article from the book American Paintings: From the Montgomery Museum of Fine Arts states,
"It is unclear whether the politician has won or lost; the compressed space creates an oppressive
atmosphere that is heavy with corruption and the unwonted influence of the privileged classes" (67).
This is true in my opinion as well. It seems natural to believe ... Show more content on
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This a painting that makes one think. The toll that such positions of responsibility and the long road
it takes to acquire them takes on a person's soul. The fact that all the people in the painting appear to
be upper class, how America is certainly tailor made for people with a great deal of money. A
thought provoking piece such as Election Night II is exactly the sort of artwork that I would
recommend to a fellow student. As is the case with many artists, Levine's artistic abilities began to
present themselves early in his life. According to William Grimes, "Jack Levine was born on Jan. 3,
1915, and spent his early childhood in the South End of Boston." Grimes goes on to say that
Levine's parents immigrated to America from Lithuania and settled in the Roxbury neighborhood
when he was eight (New York Times A33). An article from the Times (London, England) mentions
that Levine took children's art classes and later went on to study under Harvard art historian,
Denman Ross who first exhibited Levine's drawings in 1932 when he was just 17 years old. Levine
drew inspiration in his paintings from many talented

Jackson Pollock Research Paper
The abstract expressionist whose work I admire the most is the work of Jackson Pollock. He was
born on January 28, 1912 in Cody, Wyoming. "He was an influential American Painter, and the
leading force behind the abstract expressionist movement in the art world" (Barbara Moore). When
Pollock was 8, his father, who was an abusive alcoholic, left the family, and Pollock's older brother,
Charles, became like a father to him. While the family was living in Los Angeles, Pollock
discovered his passion for art. After some time Pollock became addicted to drinking. He tried to
resolve his problems by working to keep him busy. But despite being busy with work, Pollock could
not stop drinking. In 1942, Pollock met Lee Krasner, a Jewish contemporary artist and an
established painter, at a party. "She later visited Pollock at his studio and was impressed with his art.
They soon became ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
But fame was not good for Pollock. Having troubles with close friends and the public he instead,
went back to drinking heavily. Concerned for "Pollock's well–being, Krasner called on Pollock's
mother to help. Her presence helped to stabilize Pollock, and he began to paint again"
(Biography.com). He completed his masterpiece, The Deep, during this period. But as the demand
from collectors for Pollock's art grew, so too did the pressure he felt, and with it his alcoholism.
"Overwhelmed with Pollock's needs, Krasner was also unable to work. Their marriage became
troubled, and Pollock's health was failing (John Seed). By 1956, he had quit painting, and his
marriage was basically ruined. Krasner left for Paris to give Pollock space. "Just after 10 p.m. on
August 11, 1956, Pollock, who had been drinking, crashed his car into a tree less than a mile from
his home. Pollock was thrown 50 feet into the air and into a birch tree. He died immediately"

In Depth Analysis Of Emicho And His Crusaders
The first crusade started in 1096 B.C. when Pope Urban II called for the for a holy war. This was the
beginning of the first crusade. What originally was supposed to be the taking back of Jerusalem led
to the death of thousands of Jewish people. This with previous persecution of the Jews, by
Christians, led to even more persecution of Jews. Pope Urban II called for a holy war in 1095.
Urban wanted the Christians to take over the holy city of Jerusalem. He also said the Islamic people
committed crimes against Christendom. When he called for this crusade he expected to have trained
soldiers partake in the war and taking over of Jerusalem. What he didn't expect were thousands of
untrained peasants, but that's what he got. Pope Urban ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
"Who Was Count Emicho? Jews and the First Crusade Dr. Henry Abramson." YouTube. November
24, 2015. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=42LF_2yunjg.
In Depth analysis of Emicho and his crusaders.
Agrait, Nicolas. "The First Crusade (1095–99), A Short Narrative from Contemporary Sources. » De
Re Militari." De Re Militari » The Society for Medieval Military History. Last modified April 22,
2013. http://deremilitari.org/2013/04/the–first–crusade–1095–99–a–short–narrative–from–
contemporary–sources/.
Atkins, Zohar. "Jews in the First Crusade: Culpability, Martyrdom, and Blood Vengeance." PhD
diss., 2008. http://blogs.brown.edu/bjh/files/2014/05/spring2008.pdf.
Specifically describes the suffering and struggles Jews of Germany in the first crusade.
"Europe : The First Crusade – I: The People's Crusade – Extra History." YouTube. August 8, 2015.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HIs5B2U7US0.
Explains the three groups of peasants that left to crusade early.
Grousset, René. The Epic of the Crusades. New York: Orion Press, 1970.
Grousset explains all the details in an easy to read way. The author goes into depth about the first
crusade in Germany which adds perfect details pertaining to my

The Memorial to the Murdered Jews of Europe
The Memorial to the Murdered Jews of Europe, also known as the Holocaust Memorial, is a
monument in Berlin to commemorate the Jewish victims of the Holocaust. The Memorial for the
Murdered Jews of Europe causes us to reflect on how the transgressive gesture of architecture puts
the issue of balance between the medium and the message into question. The memorial could have
been viewed as a way to threaten the importance of remembrance. According to Elke Grenzer,
"Architecture itself in a commemorative gesture because it wants to commemorate its action in its
present as something that might not be lost in the future." An abundance of political drama about the
memorial almost caused the world to forget the significance of the structure. After the Berlin Wall
came down, Germany had to find their own self–identity while memorializing the Jews, which led
to a debate on how to successfully move on as a nation. The monument appears to be the preserver
of Holocaust memory, however it is the people of Germany and what they created after visiting the
memorial that safeguards the Holocaust memory. The Memorial for the Murdered Jews of Europe
avoids giving a full description of Germany's role in the 'Final Solution.' As noted in the article, The
Topographies of Memory in Berlin: The Neue Wache and the Memorial for the Murdered Jews of
Europe, Elke Grenzer pointed out that Germany was responsible for creating a memorial that not
only included Germany or Berlin's Jewry, but also the

Cult Of Gods Research Paper
As hinted above, devotion, iconoclasm, and preservation efforts are intricately entwined with
processes that happen before, during, and after the performances that the perspective party
participates in. In each environment, the object takes on new meanings and significances due to the
discourses surrounding it and the subjectivities of the people who possess it. Moreover, preservation
often engages in the same processes that religious iconoclasts did and do by creating new narratives
of the objects and relegating necessary performances with the object. Apart from just merely the
smashing of objects or gods, by removing these objects out of their original socio–historical
contexts, the objects are destroyed, literally and/or figuratively, ... Show more content on
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Moreover, instead of religious narratives, moderns have modern narratives based on specific
conceptualizations of history, humanism, and secularism. No longer about a history of a particular
group of people as with the Jewish or Islamic narratives, modern discourse is often developed in
terms of human history, human civilization, and human progress. In A Secular Age, Charles Taylor
argues that modern secularity was a parallel development of a "purely self–sufficient humanism" for
the first time in history, clarifying "I mean by this a humanism accepting no final goals beyond
human flourishing, nor any allegiance to anything else beyond this flourishing. Of no previous
society was this true" (18). Before the modern era, Taylor argues, human beings were never on top;
gods were the ones who were dominant and worthy of devotion, for only with their benefice would
humans be able to flourish (Taylor 18). However, secularity now places humans on the pedestal,
further intensifying the disenchantment of the secular age by displacing

Metropolitan Museum Of The Modern Museum
This week readings discusses both the history of museums, primarily in the United States, and their
evolution from high brow institutions to ones that serve, educate, and engage the populace. The
articles also trace the constant discussions museum professionals had regarding the focus and
dissemination of their collections. These articles all agree that museums must transform from places
that solely focus on the collection, preservation, conservation, and dissemination of rare items to
ones that also become a part of the community, represent the many voices and interests of the
public, educate, and become a forum for discussion about issues beyond the items in a glass case of
hung on he wall. The evolution of the modern museum began during ... Show more content on
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In addition to the traditional artifacts one expects to find, the museums presented different voices
and perspectives, in addition to many opportunities for the visitor to get closer and interact.
Additionally, they provided current perspective to their exhibitions. My recent visits to the Stax
Records Museum, the Birthplace of Country Music Museum, and the Hermitage, proved
enlightening as to the prime function and obligation of modern museums, as well as their future
roles in society. While the primary draw to the Stax Records Museum is the connection the visitor
has to the music from the label and studio, Stax begins the tour in a reconstructed church and
exhibitions that trace the culture and heritage essential to understanding the people and the art
preserved and displayed. The recently opened Birthplace of Country Music Museum in Bristol,
Virginia provides the visitor several opportunities to "lean in," interact, and personalize their
experiences with the various exhibitions throughout the floorspace. For example, they provide a
multimedia discography of the records made during the "Big Bang of Country Music." The
information with the touchscreen display can be sorted and searched by the patron from the
academic "date of recording" and "personnel" to the entertaining "song theme." The Hermitage
recently opened a new exhibit detailing the life of Andrew

Analysis Of David Bezmozgis 's An Animal And The Memory
What does it mean to be Jewish? For many, that identification of Judaism is closely aligned with
more than traditional upbringings or religious and cultural observances. The collective meaning
behind being a Jewish person is rooted in memory, and the Holocaust itself is often the crucial link
to a shared Jewish past. It is the central part of that history and identity, connected to a larger
narrative of pain, trauma or even shame. The short story by David Bezmozgis "An Animal to the
Memory" illustrates such a situation. By making the argument that The Holocaust is completely
rooted in the communal Jewish identity. And while keeping the memory of The Holocaust alive is
important, Bezmozgis also makes the case that there must be a sort of ... Show more content on
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"At school, I kept to myself, glowered in the hallways, and, with the right kind of provocation,
punched people in the face." Mark is expected to feel a certain way about being Jewish, but that
label means something different for him then it means for his parents. Such as when his family is
leaving his grandparents in Vienna at the beginning of the story, his grandfather refuses to go
chasing them around the globe. His reasoning being
Grandfather: "There, I'll never have to hear dirty Jew,"
Mark's father/ uncle: "So Instead you'll hear dirty Russian." Grandfather: "Maybe, but you're going
to have to hear both" (Bezmozgis, 68)
The Holocaust becomes the center of this. Whether it be at his Hebrew school, where Jewish history
shaped not only the curriculum they learn. But, also as a collective identity shared by a new and
contemporary Jewish generation. While still being connected to the past. This is a struggle for Mark,
who does not even identify himself as Jewish for most of the story, He is continuously challenged
with where to place himself in this new world, as a second–generation immigrant to Toronto. For
Mark, being a young Latvian Jew is not easy.
Whether Mark likes it or not, The Holocaust becomes central to how he comes to term with how his
own personal identity, and how it is to be shaped. It later becomes the enforcer of the

Is Mein Kampf's Propaganda Toward Jews In The Holocaust?
The New York Times reports that Hitler's infamous manifesto, Mein Kampf, containing his anti–
semitic and discriminatory propaganda towards Jews in the Holocaust during WWII has become one
of the best–selling books presently in Germany, boasting a great number of 85,000 copies already
sold. Notorious for his systematic genocide of the Jews, Hitler's Mein Kampf outlines his political
philosophies and ideologies and also his future plans of eradicating the Jewish population from
Germany, which he considered the reason for Germany's impending loss of the war and its
deteriorating economic state. A book that pertains to the extermination of a certain race becoming
popular with wide readership can be frightening, or daunting. Mein Kampf

The Cremator Film Analysis
Contemporary efforts to represent Nazis often highlight their humanity (especially in museum
settings), largely as a warning to future generations that evil can be perpetrated by even the most
ordinary person. Herz's The Cremator, however, paints a very different picture of both Nazis and
human nature. Herz depicts Nazis and those susceptible to Nazi ideology as pathological beings, as
having tendencies and vices that create fertile ground for murderous or genocidal fantasies. Use
close readings of scenes to build an argument about how Herz represents the relationship between
individual psyches and evil. You may structure your paper by technique (going through various
aspects of filming, i.e. a certain camera angle, acting technique, set design, ... Show more content on
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Herz depicts Nazis and those susceptible to Nazi ideology, like Kopfrkingl, as having tendencies and
vices that create fertile ground for murderous and genocidal fantasies. This is contrary to the typical
notion regarded by his contemporaries that evil can be perpetrated by even the most ordinary person.
Kopfrkingl is immediately notably strange from his introductory spiel on vices and his eccentric
explanation of work at the crematorium and mannerisms allow him to be labeled as deranged.
Although Kopfrkingl hesitates to succumb to Nazi idealogy, partially due to his natural demeanor
and romantic beliefs, he eventually submits as he realizes the benefits and advantages of joining the
party. As Nazi's encroach on Czech borders, and tensions rise, Kopfrkingl naturally adopts the
ideologies of the Nazis and their urgency to establish a pure and new world order. Disturbingly,
Herz brings to the surface what lies under both the personal and historical madness and pustulous
corruption of human life, of which Kopfrkingl's diseased mind and Nazi Germany or Communist
Russia are simply the most visible

Lower East Side Culture
Lower East Side Travel Guide Situated in the southeastern section of Manhattan, the Lower East
Side neighborhood has long stood as an immigrant, blue collar region. Spanning the area from Canal
Street to Houston Street, between the East River and the Bowery, this once semi–dilapidated
neighborhood has been renewed in the past years to include many tourist attractions. Along what is
known as restaurant row, on Clinton Street, there are now a number of fine and casual dining
establishments, as well as shops and boutiques that appeal to the masses. In the early 2000's, a
gentrification of the neighborhood ensued, resulting in a total face lift to the area. Large modern
hotels and businesses, such as the Hotel on Rivington and the Blue Condominium, ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
Guests to the area will find a number of fascinating shops and delicious eateries along their travels.
Katz's Delicatessen Well known for its extraordinary culinary delights, including traditional Jewish
deli fare, this landmark restaurant has been recognized on film and in the press for years. When
visiting Katz's, the hardest decision you will have to make is whether you try the corned beef or
pastrami. Russ and Daughters The finest purveyor of smoked fish in the region, Russ and Daughters
offers the best herring and lox in the neighborhood for over a century. Open everyday of the week,
with incredibly reasonable prices, it is no wonder that this fine establishment has made a lasting
name for itself in the Lower East Side. The Tenement Museum An introspective museum formed
from what was once dilapidated tenements in the Lower Easy Side, this enthralling museum is only
open through guided tours. With costumed actors portraying the original immigrant residents of the
neighborhood, guests have the unique opportunity to witness a life and people that are no longer in
existence. The New Museum of Contemporary

The Nazi Doctors Trial In Nuremberg, Germany
The Nazi Doctors of World War 2 had to face the Doctors' Trial in Nuremberg, Germany after the
war. The reason for the trial is because the Doctors in the Nazi Party had contributed or played a part
in genocide while following Hitler. Adolph Hitler was the German politician and leader of the Nazi
Party during the years from (1933–1945.) The doctors had performed unreasonable medical
experimentations on reluctant concentration camp prisoners. The final judgement on the trial
contributed into the creation of the "Ten Commandments of Human Research." Some of those
commandments were that preparations and facilities must be able to keep the subject safe from all
that could possibly happen. Human subjects must be able to immediately stop ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
The principles listed in the commandments are followed by all doctors now. There might still be
strange men out there that are willing to go to the extreme for science just as these doctors did.
Those doctors committed crimes against humanity, and in doing so might have lost theirs as well.
Bibliography 1. Colaianni, Alessandra. "A Long Shadow: Nazi Doctors, Moral Vulnerability and
Contemporary Medical Culture." Journal of Medical Ethics. Institute of Medical Ethics, 01 July
2012. Web. 19 May 2017 2. Perret, FranÃ§oise. "The Nazi Doctors and the Nuremberg Code
George J. Annas and Michael A. Grodin, The Nazi Doctors and the Nuremberg Code â€” Human
Rights in Human Experimentation, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1992, 371 Pp. plus Lists, a
Diagram and Photographs." International Review of the Red Cross 35.305 (1995): 227–28. Web. 3.
"Josef Mengele." United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. United States Holocaust Memorial
Museum, n.d. Web. 19 May 2017 4. Wallace, D. J., and M. H. Weisman. "The Physician Hans Reiter
as Prisoner of War in Nuremberg: A Contextual Review of His Interrogations (1945–1947)."
Seminars in Arthritis and Rheumatism. U.S. National Library of Medicine, Feb. 2003. Web. 22 May

Frank Lloyd Wright's Influence On American Architecture
Architects are known to have their own style of designing buildings, but some are known for the
uniqueness of their designs and architectural works. A great example of architects that are
recognized for their uniqueness is Frank Lloyd Wright. What made him unique and special was the
mix between the traditional and modern style in his work. According to Archdaily, he earned the title
of "the greatest American architect of all time."In 1991, by the American Institute of Architects
(Rory Stott, 2017). He completed over 500 architectural works which were considered
"masterpieces". Wright's was very driven by nature, he also referred to his architecture as "organic"
as a result of them blending in with the aesthetic nature around. His famous "fallingwater ... Show
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According to Archdaily, In 1987, the Berlin government organized an anonymous competition for an
expansion to the original Jewish Museum in Berlin that opened in 1933. The main goal of the
competition was to bring back a Jewish presence back in Berlin after WWII and in 1988, Daniel
Libeskind was chosen as a winner among many other architects his design was the only project that
implemented a radical, formal design as a conceptually expressive tool to represent the Jewish
lifestyle before, during, and after the Holocaust (Andrew Kroll, 2010). The museum was completed
in 1999. During WWII , the Jewish identity and culture disappeared and To Libeskind, the
competition didn't mean as much to him as to bring back and establish an identity within Berlin, he
wanted wanted to use his work and architecture to signify feelings like emptiness and absence to
resemble the disappearance of the jewish culture. The atmosphere surrounding the building and the
powerful emotions portrayed in the museum turned it into an experience illustrating what most
won't understand. The Jewish Museum truly demonstrated Libeskind's ability to transform human
experience into an architectural

The World Of The Holocaust
The Holocaust was the systematic, organized, frighten, vicious event that sponsored by Nazi Party
throughout the Europe continent that approximately took away six million Jews' life with assisted
from Nazi Germany and its collaborators, the event also caused different extent of casualties to
contemporary third party countries in the Europe simultaneously. The official beginning date of
event started from January 1933 when Adolf Hitler first came to power in Germany with Nazi as his
backup to openly addressed the conspiracy of Jews within Germany boundary by classified all the
Jews as inferior that should be fully eliminate due to the Adolf Hitler circulated the misconception
of Jews' existence had created threaten to the central power of government within the German
domestic which carried out the massive killing events later on in entire Europe continent from 1933
to 1946.
According to contemporary notable literature such as The Diary of Young Girl that author Anne
Frank used the story of her own life to revealed the terrifying experience she had went through with
her family under the persecution of Nazi regime in the Netherland before she lost her life at age 15.
Although there is a plenty of similar documentaries endorsed by overwhelming evidences that
indicated the holocaust is indeed occurred in the chronicle Nazi regime, but the voice of holocaust
denial is still an ongoing issue supported by holocaust denier that described it as the conspiracy of
Jews and its

Daniel Libeskind
The success of architects is defined not so much by the problems they face as the act of their
creative and practical responses. Located in once the bombarded Berlin, a new language of
architecture emerged. It appears with multiple contradictions, yet not confliction, from itself to the
surroundings and within its own construction. That is the Berlin Jewish Museum, submitted by the
young Daniel Libeskind in a competition to provoke the unsavory history of Berlin very soon after
the fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989. The Western tradition in building museum is twisted by its
expressionistic form, not merely to house the remains, the relics, the display of art, it stands by itself
naked, untreated to house the ghost of German Judaism, a ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
The intention is to make occupants feel physically ill and all of its effects. Precast and cast in–place
concrete are customized in tube–like structures which slope variably to resist lateral loads stabilizing
the vertical elements. At some strategic locations with severely angled walls, pre–stressed steel
reinforced concrete is an absolute option. Steel is used to bear compressive loads as well as tensile
loads. The vertical elements are tied together with beams and slabs which prevent them from
cracking. The monolithic appearance and the complication in opening positions and dimensions
require a high level of difficulty in pouring concrete, which make this museum become the first
model project of its kind to test the new concrete–handling method. The challenge is to avoid
segregation in pouring concrete. Timing is the key. The exterior walls are molded with in–situ
concrete; the advantage it offers is that the apertures can be made in any shape and size, width and
height. It also allows a less amount of columns used, and an expansion for larger, uninterrupted
spaces. The extra strength the reinforced concrete gives grants Libeskind the ability to make the
concept practical.
Also, to maintain the integrity of the "object," he eliminated conventional roof system, lightweight
enclosing, and exposed framework matrix as if all structural members merge in one entity which
makes the

Hitler 's Propaganda Meant For The Nazis And The...
The central theme to this essay will be to answer the question "Discuss the roll that graphic design
played in political/social change in a specific period". This essay will look into what Hitler's
propaganda meant for the Nazis and the population of Germany. Propaganda is the dissemination of
information to influence or control large groups of people. In totalitarian regimes like Nazi
Germany, propaganda plays a significant role in consolidating power in the hands of the controlling
party. (ushmm, 2015) This essay in conjunction will look into what Hitler's propaganda meant, what
methods conducted by Adolf Hitler and the Propaganda Ministry, directed by Dr. Joseph Goebbels
use to infiltrate their enemies and commit mass genocide of the ... Show more content on
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How differently would they communicate their message to the working class compared to the upper
classes and also throughout different ages and genders. Lastly, looking back over the period of
graphic design in this part of history, are the design rules and guidelines still in effect today in
contemporary propaganda, especially in political propaganda. If so what design aspects and features
are still being used and are they still as effective in todays modern society.
Nazi propaganda can be dated back to 1926 when Hitler wrote his book "Mein Kampf" (ushmm,
2015) Hitler wrote two chapters about war propaganda, which he always expressed how the power
and destruction that propaganda could cause in the right hands, and the importance of mass
communication through different mediums. "The first duty of the propagandist is to win over people
who can subsequently be taken into the organization. And the first duty of the organization is to
select and train men who will be capable of carrying on the propaganda" Hitler continues by saying
" The second duty of the organization is to disrupt the existing order of things and thus make room
for the penetration of the new teaching which it represents, while the duty of the organizer must be
to fight for the purpose of securing power, so that the doctrine may finally triumph." (James
Murphy, 2011)
By this early stage of the Nazi party it was clear

Documenting Exhibition Behaviours ( Online )
Documenting Exhibition Behaviours (online) Ten Thousand Cents by Aaron Koblin and Takashi
Kawashima from 2007, for example, is a digital artwork that creates a representation of a $100 bill.
Using a custom drawing tool (Mechanical Turk), thousands of individuals working in isolation from
one another painted a tiny part of the bill without knowledge of the overall task. Workers were paid
one cent each via Amazon's Mechanical Turk distributed labor tool. The total labor cost to create the
bill, the multi–authored artwork being created, and the reproductions available for purchase (to
charity) are all $100. (Koblin and Kawashima 2007) The producers and viewers of the work are
carefully tracked on the website, even if they do not buy the work – average times spent and the
location of visitors from Egypt to the Philippines are logged. (Graham, 2014) New media artworks
that are 'installed' only online, and are 'site–specific' to the World Wide Web, must be considered
carefully for interactive behaviours, but as the Internet is inherently interactive, net artists are well
used to this. www_hack (2010) by Rui Guerra, for example, is a creative intervention onto specific
web sites. A script installed on the host site allows all visitors to a single webpage to observe each
others mouse movements at any one time. On a technical level, the work is based on a javascript that
contacts a server where all the individual mouse positions are stored, displaying all the cursors in

Rembrandt Essay examples
Rembrandt Harmenszoon van Rijn is generally considered one of the greatest painters in European
art history and the most important in Dutch history. Rembrandt was also a proficient printmaker and
made many drawings. His contributions to art came in a period that historians call the Dutch Golden
Age (roughly equivalent to the 17th century), in which Dutch culture, science, commerce, world
power and political influence reached their pinnacles.
In all, Rembrandt produced around 600 paintings, 300 etchings, and 2,000 drawings. He was a
prolific painter of self–portraits, producing almost a hundred of them (including some 20 etchings)
throughout his long career. Together they give us a remarkably clear picture of the man, his looks,
and — more ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
By 1631, Rembrandt had established such a good reputation that he received several assignments for
portraits from Amsterdam. As a result, he moved to that city and into the house of an art dealer,
Hendrick van Uylenburgh. This move eventually led, in 1634, to the marriage of Rembrandt and
Hendrick's greatniece, Saskia van Uylenburg. This was obviously a marriage for love. Although she
came from a good family (her father had been burgomaster of Leeuwarden), Saskia was an orphan
and was probably not very wealthy. She lived with her sister in Frisia and did not have many 'grand'
connections in Amsterdam. These events, however, are widely disputed.
In 1639, Rembrandt and Saskia moved to a prominent house in the Jodenbreestraat in the Jewish
quarter, which later became the Rembrandt House Museum. Although they were affluent the couple
had several setbacks in their personal life. Three of their children died shortly after birth. Only their
fourth child, a son, Titus, who was born in 1641, survived into adulthood. Saskia died in 1642 soon
after Titus's birth, probably from tuberculosis.
After her death he began an affair with Titus's nurse, a widow called Geertje Dircx. This ended in a
lawsuit. Geertje claimed that Rembrandt had broken his promise to marry her, and demanded that
the council force him to marry her. The council did not go that far but Rembrandt was asked to pay
her a lot of money. He then cooperated with Geertje's family to have her locked up in a

Gertrude Stein 's A Rose
"A rose is a rose is a rose" Gertrude Stein. Gertrude Stein who many consider her a "major author,
the founder of a new literary style, the great apologist for Modernism, and the discoverer and
promoter of the French school of contemporary painting." She was the beginning of a new era, some
looked up to her while others thought she was an insignificant person (but how wrong they were).
Gertrude Stein influenced a new generation in the arts. She helped encourage new and old authors
and painters. Gertrude Stein enjoyed writing simple phrases that can be interpreted into
masterpieces. She was an activist, out of the box thinker and internationally known during the late
1800s and early 1900s. Gertrude Stein's monument is one out of the only ... Show more content on
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Gertrude Stein was born on February 3, 1874 in Allegheny, Pennsylvania to Daniel and Amelia
Stein. "Both parents were from the German Jewish descent." Gertrude Stein is one of five– three
boys and two girls. From 1875 until 1878 her family moved and lived in Austria and France. But in
1880, her family moved back to the United States and settled in Oakland, California. Daniel Stein
was a wealthy businessman and only expected the best for his family. Her parents were a part of a
synagogue, and she went to Sabbath day school, but was not a religious Jew. Nevertheless, "Stein
grew up believing strongly that Jews shared certain personal traits, such as superior intelligence,
financial acumen, and loyalty to one another," she respected and understood her background and
roots. After her mother and father passed away, Stein's oldest brother took over as "head of family"
and moved to San Francisco. But then in 1892, Gertrude Stein moved to Baltimore with her siblings
to live with an aunt. The following year she entered Harvard Annex and later worked under Hugo
Munsterberg, in the Harvard Psychological Laboratory. She studied there for four years and
graduated with a degree. However, in 1897 she entered Johns Hopkins Medical School only to flunk
four courses and not receive a degree. It may seem that this experience was her all time low. In
1903, Gertrude Stein decided to move to Paris with her brother. There they began their start in the
arts;

New Media Art With Its Intrinsic Characteristics
Crowdsourced Documentation New media art with its intrinsic characteristics (instability and
variability)[1] poses complex challenges in documentation, this observation is not new, and
initiatives such as DOCAM[2] and Variable Media Network[3] have provided methods and tools to
properly document media artworks. Nevertheless, the social phenomena of crowdsourcing and
crowdfunding, presents new challenges for established documentation methods and standards. This
essay aims to address this subject by referencing recent exhibition and art practice frequently
involve public participation and interaction, taking an in–depth look at current theoretical, practical,
and institutional documentation model, examining crowdsourced documentation as a valid source
created by various contributors, can be incorporated as part of formal documentation. September 16,
2016, Take me (I?m Yours)[4] took place at the Jewish Museum in New York, as its first ever
exhibition made possible by the digital crowdfunding campaign via Kickstarter. With a total $31,018
pledged, 340 backers helped forty–two international and intergenerational artists create 400,000+
artworks to be given away during this unconventional exhibition, visitors are encouraged to
participate, touch, and even take artworks away with them (Cascone, 2016). Museums turn to
crowdfunding is far from novel, but the reasons of the Jewish Museum launched its first Kickstarter
campaign are varied, of course, in order to

Pros And Cons Of Christopher Columbus
Christopher Columbus was an Italian–born man that managed to win the favor and funding of the
Spanish monarchy. With this funding, Columbus led the most well–known voyage in human history:
the voyage to the New World in 1492. This voyage laid the foundation for future colonies and,
eventually, many nations in the world. However, this voyage would not have gone past
conceptualization if Columbus had not been supported by the Spanish monarchy. While a variety of
factors affected the monarchy's decision, the primary factors were Columbus' experience in
navigation, assistance Columbus received from Jewish supporters, and the capitulations laid out by
Columbus himself.
First and foremost, Columbus' experience was of high value to the Spanish monarchy. Despite
initially following in the footsteps of his father as a member of the wool weaving industry,
Columbus was quick to pick up mapmaking and sailing as studies (Mariners Museum). Columbus
was on the sea even as a teen, joining expeditions through the Aegean and Mediterranean seas (Don
Quijote). It was difficult to find such an experienced and educated seaman in contemporary Spain.
Many of the future influential conquistadors had yet to be born; the oldest was Francisco Pizarro,
and even he was only sixteen years of age when Columbus set sail in 1492. With experience being
such a valuable commodity, it was difficult for the Spanish monarchy to justify allowing Columbus
to simply offer his skills to another country. Columbus'

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