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The Importance of Citation in Academic Writing
The Importance of Citing in Academic Writing
Many students today fail to understand the importance of citing sources when they write academic
papers. Furthermore, some only cite sources because they are concerned about the grade that they
are going to get if their paper is not complete. Plagiarism has become a common practice as
individuals prefer to steal intellectual information from others. The ability to create is one of
humanity's most important talents and it is wrong for someone to rob an individual of his or her
right to put across his or her creativity. Most people understand the unfairness of committing
plagiarism when their ideas are stolen and used without their consent and with the person who
committed this immorality expressing no interest in referencing them.
Academic writing encompasses a complex set of concepts and a person who wants to do it needs
to get actively engaged in writing a document is likely to be reviewed by a group of scholars
familiar with the subject under discussion. A citation is basically "a signpost and an
acknowledgement" (Hunter). The fact that it is a signpost means that it provides readers with
information regarding where they can find the source of the writer's inspiration. Its value as an
acknowledgement relates to how the writer needs to put across his or her appreciation in regard to
the sources that he or she used.
In the academic world writers can only function by using sources and this is largely what keeps this
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Harvard Referencing System
Harvard Referencing System
Tunku Abdul Rahman College
Compiled by Dr Chook Ka Joo Quality Assurance Department Tunku Abdul Rahman College and Mr
Johnny Chin Fui Chung School of Social Science and Humanities Tunku Abdul Rahman College
2010
For internal circulation only. ©Tunku Abdul Rahman College. All rights reserved.
CONTENTS 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 REFERENCES
Page
INTRODUCTION THE IMPORTANCE OF CITING REFERENCES REFERENCING SYSTEM
THE HARVARD REFERENCING SYSTEMCITATIONIN THE TEXT THE REFERENCE LIST
EXAMPLES OF REFERENCING
1 1 1 2 2 6 9
TAR College Harvard Referencing System
TUNKU ABDUL RAHMAN...show more content...
For example: Many factors are known to affect the success of students at the tertiary education level
(Saunders 2005). OR
TAR College Harvard Referencing System 2
5.2
Saunders (2003, p. 21) claims that there are many factors that are known to affect the success of
students at the tertiary education level. In these two examples, the sentences summarise the main
view expressed in an article written by Saunders. Also note that the first example highlights the
information but the second example highlights or gives prominence to the author of the article. i. If
the author's name occurs naturally in the sentence, the year is given in parentheses: In a popular
study, Harvey (2005) argued that we have to teach good practices... As Harvey (1992, p. 21) said,
'good practices must be taught' and so we... ii. If the name does not occur naturally in the sentence,
both name and year are given in parentheses: A more recent study (Stevens 2002) has shown the way
theory and practical work interact... Theory rises out of practice, and once validated, returns to
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Quoting, Paraphrasing, and Summarizing
Research papers (research essays) must include information from sources. This is called synthesizing
or integrating your sources.
There are three ways to incorporate information from other sources into your paper: quoting,
paraphrasing, and summarizing. Good research papers should include at least quoting and
paraphrasing and preferably also summarizing. The method you choose depends on which is the best
way to make the point you are trying to make in using that particular information from the source. It
is very important to remember that even if you are not using the exact words of the author as when
you paraphrase or summarize, you must give a source citation.
Every sentence with information from a...show more content...
Quotations should only be used in paraphrases when there are special words or wording that cannot
be paraphrased. Because the same information that the author provided is being used, a paraphrase
is often as long as the original source. Since paraphrases are information from a source, every
sentence with paraphrased information must cite the source even if exact words are not quoted.
Even through a sentence with paraphrased information must cite the source, any exact words from
the source must be in quotation marks. Failing to use quotation marks on exact words is plagiarism
even if the sentence give credit to the source.
Proper notetaking while doing research will help avoid plagiarism. Notes should include quotation
marks around any exact words taken from sources.
Another problem students may have with paraphrasing is that the language used in the paraphrase
should be an accurate accounting of the source's ideas. Good paraphrasing doesn't just capture the
ideas of the source. They don't include your own opinions or omit important information. Just like in
a quotation, be sure to either introduce the source at the beginning of your paraphrase or cite the
source at the end of the sentence so that the reader knows these are not your ideas, but ideas from
your
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Plagiarism Essay Examples
Taking someone's words and using them without a proper citation is a problem. Without being
taught the correct way, this problem is not going to correct itself and will continue to become a
bigger problem. There are major consequences for plagiarising, but these can be avoided with a
simple citation. Tying together the definition ofplagiarism, reasons for using documentation, and an
explanation of MLA 8 and APA citations will all be brought together. Learning what kind ofcitation,
and what needs a citation is a very important concept in becoming a successful writer. Citing a source
correctly will save you time and problems.
There are many different definitions of the word plagiarism. Merriam–Webster's dictionary
definition, also...show more content...
These students were taught a life lesson, something that they will never do again. Being taught,
the correct way, at a young age will solve many of the problems that we have today. Becoming
aware of the consequences that this could lead to would be worth the extra time citing a
document, or writing your own paper. Taking someone's words or writing could lead to loss of job
/school, fines, and so much more. To avoid these problems, a simple citation will help anyone
become aware that you did give credit to the author. Jim Carnett published an article in the Los
Angeles Times stating that he had tried to submit a column to an editor but they sent it back because
it contained plagiarised material. Carnett said, "I lifted a portion of one of my columns and inserted
it in the Daily Pilot piece without attribution." He hadn't cited his own work and now what he did
was plagiarism. To Carnett, this was a total accident, but this shows that you should cite any
information that you use. Although there are arguments that there is no such thing as plagiarism, "If
a novelist uses a non–fiction book for research, how is that stealing? Non–fiction promises facts,
there is no copyright in facts, ergo no stealing..." (Independent.co.uk) it is always best to give credit
to the source that you received the information from; thus not having a chance of plagiarism.
Having a correct citation for a source is very
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Citation and Harvard Referencing Format
TOPIC : ________________________________ 1.0 INTRODUCTION What's Known? Not
known? What's new? Thesis Statement :
_____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________ 2.0 BODY PARAGRAPH:
______________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________ 2.1 supporting details, statistics,
concrete examples (eg. names of places/buildings/events, etc.)? 2.2 2.3 Concluding sentence :
Therefore, __________________________________________________
____________________________________________________...show more content...
List from A–Z, using Harvard Referencing format (see Taylor's library website)Note: All references
listed in the actual essay must be found in this Reference List. List from A–Z, using Harvard
Referencing format (see Taylor's library website)Note: All references listed in the actual essay must
be found in this Reference List. List from A–Z, using Harvard Referencing format (see Taylor's
library website)Note: All references listed in the actual essay must be found in this Reference List.
List from A–Z, using Harvard Referencing format (see Taylor's library website)Note: All references
listed in the actual essay must be found in this Reference List. List from A–Z, using Harvard
Referencing format (see Taylor's library website)Note: All references listed in the actual essay must
be found in this Reference List. List from A–Z, using Harvard Referencing format (see Taylor's
library website)Note: All references listed in the actual essay must be found in this Reference List.
List from A–Z, using Harvard Referencing format (see Taylor's library website)Note: All references
listed in the actual essay must be found in this Reference List. List from A–Z, using Harvard
Referencing format (see Taylor's library website)Note: All references listed in the actual essay must
be found in this Reference List. List from A–Z, using Harvard Referencing
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Harvard Referencing Guide
debate
ana
A guide to the Harvard referencing system
Maureen Dwyer
This article explains how to reference an academic work using the Harvard system. Instructions
comply with the relevant British standards, i.e. BS 5605:1990, BS 1629:1989 and BS 6371:1983.
The importance of referencing in an approved manner is discussed and problem areas such as joint
authors, corporate authorship and unpublished works are examined. The issue of second–hand
references that are not addressed by the standards is also explained–
T
he Harvard system is a popular referencing system for academic works and is Ah( often referred to
as the 'author/date ' system, which distinguishes it from the Vancouver or 'numerical ' system. To be
more specific, it...show more content...
exact date is not known, an approximate date followed by a question mark can be given, e.g. (16th
century?). Where no date is given or can be found, (No date) or the .lbbrcviation (ND) should be
stated. Title: Always use the title on the title piige. Give the full title, although the inclusion of the
subtitle is optional. Journal titles should be given in full, with abbreviations used only in
accordance with BS 4148 (BSI, 1985). If referring to a whole journal – not just an article within it –
give the journal name and its International Standard Serial Number (ISSN), e.g.
Journal of Ecology, ISSN 0022–0477.
Reference: Dickinson EJ (1991) Quality hospitals: the role of medical audit. Geriatric Medicine 21:
27–8, 31–2. Citations in the text # Use only the author*s/s ' surname(s) and year of publication,
with the addition of page number(s) if required, e.g. (Swann, 1981, p. 10). # Where sense demands,
the name of the author(s) can be incorporated into the text, e.g. Strauss and Ziegler (1975) outline
the main goals of the Delphi technique, with Turoff (1970) identifying four secondary goals. # If
two or more works by the same author(s) have the same publication date, they should be
distinguished by adding lower case letters after the date, e.g. (Tschudin, 1992b).
Finalised reference list
Edition: It is important to state second or further
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Essay and referencing
Introduction
The three communication theories I have applied to provide the most insight into understanding the
dynamics of the observed conversation between two people are; the transmission model (Shannon
& Weaver 1949), Foulger 's ecological model (Foulger 2004), and an expanded model of
communication (Eunson 2012).
In this essay I have used a conversation I had listened to which was between my friend (from here
on will be named George) and his friend (from here on will be named Mark). Problems that arose
during the conversation will be explained as well as how George and Mark overcame them. From
there the essay will compare and contrast the three communication theories and decide which of
these best simplify the conversation....show more content...
Figure 2: An Ecological Model of the Communication (Source: Foulger 2004)
Eunson 's expanded model of communication is more complex than Foulger 's as well as Shannon
and Weaver 's models, though it is more appropriate to this conversation had between George and
Mark due to the fact it shows that in order for the communication to happen the sender must pre–edit
and then encode the message pass the message onto the receiver where he decodes and edits the
message. Eunson also takes into account the use of mechanical, behavioural and semantic factors of
encoding, and understands that if the message is to be understood the receiver must be able to
decode the message. This is particularly relevant, and highly important to this conversation between
George and Mark due to the factors mentioned before.
Context
Figure 3: An expanded model of communication (Source: Eunson 2012)
Conclusion
I have found Shannon and Weavers transactional model too simple and cannot evaluate the
complexities of this situation, and that Foulger 's model too broad and not able to focus on the
problems that need to be addressed.
Therefore, I believe that Eunson 's expanded model of communication is the most adequate to use
out of the three models that were written about because Eunson 's model has shown how a message
from George is first pre–edited
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Informal Reference Groups
A reference group is people who we want to resemble. When I was a freshman in college I dressed
very plain such as a pair of jeans with a basic t–shirt. As the months, went by I started dressing
differently such as wearing lipstick, color jeans, nice shirts, etc. Also, I act differently more of a
preppy attitude. I was surrounded by a group of people who dress nicely and act preppy. This
reference group molded me because I admire their appearances and attitudes. There are different
reference groups that can be identify such as informal, formal membership and disclaimant. Informal
reference groups have interests and goals in common. For example, relatives, mothers in the
community and peers. A formal reference would be have one main goal in
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Advantages And Disadvantages Of APA Writing Style
1. I think that having formatting standards such as APA is very necessary and useful for a clear
communication. When we use an editorial style, we remove the distraction of puzzling over the
correct punctuation for a reference or the proper form for numbers in text. An author writing for a
publication must follow the rules established by the publisher to avoid inconsistencies among
journal articles or book chapters. For example, without rules of style, three different manuscripts
might use sub–categories, subcategories, and Subcategories in one issue of a journal or book.
Although the meaning of the word is the same (in this case, subcategories is APA Style), such
variations in style may distract or confuse the reader. To sum up the need for a consistent style
becomes more apparent when complex material is presented, such as tables or statistics.
2. There are advantages and disadvantages in using an APA style.
Let's start with benefits: One major advantage of the APA writing style is that it encourages direct
exposition of your research and emphasizes your original ideas being reported. This precision is
complemented by a straightforward manuscript structure that includes a title page, abstract, body,
reference list and, if applicable, appendices. Also, APA citations include a brief reference in the
body of your text paired with a full citation in your reference list. Citations within the text should list
last name of the author and that author's publication date, followed by a page number if the citation
involves a direct quotation. In addition, the APA writing and citation style ensures you are giving
adequate credit to others for prior work and allows the reader to easily track your references. What
is more adopting the APA writing style guarantees that both the structure of your paper and the
format of your citations are consistent throughout. The clarity of your writing along with a precise
citation format works to establish your credibility, and it reflects the extent of your research.
On the other side the drawbacks in using such a style are: Firstly, the APA manual has a rule for just
about every aspect of writing. You will find instructions for the technical aspects of constructing a
paper,
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Social Referencing Analysis
According to the book, social referencing is where a young child who is faced with an uncertain
situation, such as meeting new people and then they will turn to a parent, infant care teacher,
preschool teacher, or family child care provider for clues about how they are going to react. It
portrays that young children look for a person who is close or significant in order to obtain
clarifying information in each situation. For example, a person came in a child's house and this is
the first time when the child meets this person. The child might look for their parents to clarify the
new people she sees. Then, child's parents greet this person and introduce it as their parents' friend.
Then, this is where a child would be comfortable knowing that
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Reflection Of A Reflection On Academic Skills
REFLECTION–ACADEMIC SKILLS
When the word reflection is mentioned, the first thought is a mirror–like image of yourself. This is
to define your own perception of the acceptable and poor quality within yourself. Taking action of
the weaknesses and developing my skills to improve me around everyone, (Stadter, 2015). Gibbs
Reflective Cycle (1988), a framework for students to resolve problems in assignments, step by
step, I will reflect on my own problems, (UK Essays, 2013). My previous goal was to study in a
university and now that I have accomplished that goal, my next goal is to complete the course with a
strong grade. But the reality of achieving the Foundation Degree is a much harder concept than what
I first thought, having...show more content...
"Experience–reflection–knowledge" Pawar and Anscombe, (2015), has mentioned Dewey (1933) is a
great example of how planning ahead is a step towards better success rather than dwelling on the past
problems. Implementing Dewey 's theory into my assignment, assisting my understanding of how to
support ideas with evidence such as deciding whether I have included all the information needed, the
author/publisher or whether I have referenced continuously throughout the assignments. When
previously writing assignments I need to consider how well it was written, learning from the
mistakes, understanding the feedbacks and setting out times to do better next time (Percival
2006). While referencing is a struggle for me to apply, Kell and Vogl (2010) stated that
overcoming referencing can be done by reading different books, journals, and articles of interest.
Subsequently, after analysing the problem, I realised I try to be a perfectionist, causing a hindrance
in producing assignments. I need to start believing in myself much more and be more inspired, as
Percival, (2006) has mentioned that "being too sensitive will block your progress", by doing
time–bound goals and starting the assignment rather than thinking about the purpose. Percival
(2006), has also said putting our energy into the solution rather than the problem will be an
advantage to our mindset. Realisation of putting a pen to the paper to start, a draft can be
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In this essay I will concentrate on inter–professional collaboration which is cornerstone for providing
better care to patients. I will try to examine some benefits and opportunities, while identifying the
barriers and issues to effective collaborative work between employees. Throughout my essay I will
be using LEARN format for better reflection on my clinical practice, my thoughts and feeling. As a
nursing student in Early Identification team which is focused on maternal and children's health, I will
discuss my experience as being a part of this team.
Look back
During my last year of nursing program, I was placed in Child and Family Health Division at York
Region Public Health Services. My preceptor, N., is assigned to revise references in one of the
public guides dedicated to discover problems in healthy children's growth and development and
serve as a" red flag" for professionals, educators, and medical workers. Any "red flag" issue in motor,
sensory, learning, developmental areas required immediate reference for further assessment and
intervention. The significant amount of time that my preceptor allocated to work was
inter–professional collaboration including direct and indirect contact with stakeholders, other health
care providers, educational professionals, technical support team, and others. This evidence
prompted me to initiate research and reflect on different form of collaboration within public health
system.
Elaborate and analysis
I was delighted and surprised
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SUBJECT: Precision Worldwide, Inc.
RECOMMENDATION: My recommendation for Precision Worldwide, Inc. (PWI) is to immediately
stop the production of steel rings. PWI then needs to sell the remaining steel rings to at least recoup
some of their initial investment. In the meantime they should start producing, selling, and
distributing plastic rings to their entire market of customers while attracting new customers who
may prefer this new option.
CONCLUSION: By changing their production offering to the plastic rings, PWI will create more
profit which in turn will keep them ahead of competitors in the industry. The remaining 15,100 steel
rings will have to be calculated as a sunk cost. With this new product offering, PWI will be able to
...show more content...
PWI currently has a specialized inventory because the steel rings that they produced were made
from a unique type of steel. There would be sunk costs that would ultimately come from the failure
of PWI to sell back the specialized steel because of the same features that make the steel unique
would in the end be the reason that they are difficult to resell. There is over $390,000 in estimated
costs of the specialized unprocessed steel and the already completed rings, as well as steel rings
that were a work in process. By immediately stopping production of the steel rings PWI will lose
quite a bit of money, but in the long run they will be able to bring in a larger profit and more
clientele with the production of the plastic rings.
To minimize the amount of that Precision Worldwide, Inc. stands to lose (close to $400,000);
they can raise its opportunity cost by bringing to an end the work in process of the specialized
steel rings. During the production phase of the new plastic rings, PWI can try to sell all of the
remaining steel rings that they have in stock. By doing so, they will be able to decrease the amount
of money that they stand to lose when switching product lines. The new profit margin is $828.25
per hundred rings (Cost of the steel rings $1,107.90 minus cost of the plastic rings $279.65). PWI
has the potential to earn $1070.35 per one hundred
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Hertfordshire Business School Guide to Harvard Referencing
This guide has been produced by the ASU in response to questions from Hertfordshire Business
School (HBS) students about the important subject of accurate referencing. It is essential for you to
reference your work thoroughly because what you write for HBS must be 'evidenced ' – your
discussion and arguments should consist mainly of academic theory and 'expert ' practitioner
experience. These two main sources (theory and practice) MUST be referenced throughout your
writing. Readers must be able to see which words are your own words and any original ideas, and
what sources you have used as evidence to back up your assertions. Good referencing is
ESSENTIAL because:
1) Your...show more content...
If you decide to include the exact words of another author, you must enclose their words with
quotation marks and include the page number in–text, e.g. Schutte (1999:298) asserts "westerners
regarded the Japanese as workaholics". See example 48 on page 14 for examples.
Final list of References: Consistent punctuation and spacing are necessary in the References.
Some general rules apply: * Author or authors' names: * Use only the initials of the author or
authors ' given names. * No full stops are used between initials. * Generational titles, i.e. Junior,
Senior or roman numerals are only included in the References list, e.g. Smith, J., Jr. (2009) ...
Academic prefixes, i.e. Dr. are omitted from the reference. * Titles of works: * Only capitalise
content words for the titles of books, book chapters and journal articles. * In the titles of journals,
magazines and newspapers, capital letters should be used as they appear normally. * Use italics
for the titles of books, journals, and newspapers. * Enclose titles of book chapters and journal
articles in inverted commas (single quotation marks). * Page numbering: * Books: page numbers
are not usually needed in the final list of References. * Journals: page numbers appear as the final
item of the citation, followed by a full stop. In the Reference list, use the abbreviation p. for one
page, and pp. for a page range, e.g.
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Introduction Referencing is one of the most important aspects of any academic literature in the
modern day scenario. It is the main way through which someone acknowledges the fact that they
have borrowed the ideas of someone else, and have used their work for citation ion their work.
There are several different kinds of referencing system among which the Harvard referencing
style is one of the most popular. The different aspects of the Harvard style along with the main
methods through which the style is implemented have been detailed and discussed. Herein, this
study is about the Harvard referencing style and detailing the actual point of referencing in the
first place. The Actual Point of Referencing Referencing is extremely important while compiling
an academic file, as it is the main method of showing acknowledgement to the authors of the work
which has been used for ideas in the said academic literature. A failure in this regard leads to
people developing the misconception that the author has cheated or plagiarised someone else's
work and is now claiming it as their own. Any kind of plagiarism is considered to be a serious
offence, especially in the academic circles. Being accused of the malpractice of plagiarism is one
of the worst hits that the reputation of a researcher can ever receive. Indeed, it is significantly
difficult to recover a proper reputation once accusations of this kind are made towards someone. For
students, being accused of the
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Harvard Referencing Guide
Harvard System Referencing Guide
1. INTRODUCTION
This guide sets out the Harvard system of referencing to be used in the Thesis and other major
essays submitted as part of the course taught through out the MBA program. It is important to
reference published material that you wish to use in your essay. While referencing is a standard that
is used to avoid plagiarism it also supports a strong scientific method.
To build arguments and provide evidence you mustreference any published resources you use. The
spirit of referencing is embodied in Newton's famous 1676 quote, 'If I have seen further it is by
standing on the shoulders of giants'. It means that Newton's great discoveries were made by building
on the previous work of...show more content...
An individualizing focus may result in undermining 'the capacity for communal action and alienate
the organizational members from the activities that they are required to undertake' (Broadbent, et al.,
1999: 358).
Reference List
Broadbent, J. Jacobs, K. and Laughlin, R. (1999) 'Comparing schools in the U.K. and New Zealand:
Individualizing and socializing accountabilities and some implications for management control'.
Management Accounting Research, 10: 339–361.
5. INTERNET SITES
The variability of internet site quality is problematic for referencing in academic essays. However,
access to annual company reports, press releases, and daily news services provide ample reasons to
utilize the internet in essays. Journal articles obtained over the internet should use the standard
journal format unless the journal is solely in electronic format (see below).
In–Text
Wiegran and Koth's (1999) article on successful online commerce focuses on customer loyalty,
increasing purchases, and higher margin products. They propose five website features to achieve
successful online commerce; Value added information, personalization, intelligent communication,
user generated content, and loyalty incentives (Wiegran and Koth, 1999). Since 1991, the price of
oil has reached its highest in February 2000 and this rise is due to OPEC restrictions on oil
production (BBC, 2000).
Reference List
BBC, (2000, February 19) 'Oil reaches $30 a barrel'. (BBC News),
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Social Referencing Development
Research Replication: The Development of Social Referencing
Keely Rodriguez
California State University of Sacramento
Professor Jaeger
Abstract
The development of social referencing Infants could indicate the emotional reactions of other
people in order to evaluate situations or objects as safe or risky (Wagner, 2004, p. 309.)
Introduction
Walden and Ogan conducted a study to better understand the way infants engage in social
referencing as a means of influencing their interpretations and responses to events, objects, and
people. Social referencing was examined on infants as young as 6 months of age and indicated that
they reference their parents and other persons by the end of the first year of life (Walden & Ogan,
...show more content...
There were several differences in age related behaviors between the groups. The youngest group did
not seek the parent's face as frequently as did the older grouped children. The older children's
preference for making reference to the parent's face may reflect their understanding that facial
expressions provide a significant source information about events. The youngest children may have
lacked such understanding or they may have been more concerned with simply establishing their
parents secured presence rather than using them as a resource for appraising the toys. The looking
pattern of the youngest children suggest that they may have not detected the fear effect of the
parental communication or understood that the message referred specifically to the toy. However,
the fact that the youngest group spent less time playing with the toy associated with the fearful
message indicated that some communication did occur. By the end of the first year of life, children
can be expected to have at least some understanding of the meaning of fearful expressions as well as
referential communications, and they appear to have taken their parents negative messages
seriously. Infants of about 12 months of age have frequently been the focus of social referencing
studies, and the results of the present investigation suggest that social referencing effects may indeed
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Reflection Of A Reflection On Academic Skills
REFLECTION–ACADEMIC SKILLS
When the word reflection is mentioned, the first thought is a mirror like image of yourself. This is
to define your own perception of the good and bad quality within yourself. Taking action of the
weaknesses and developing my skills to improve myself around everyone, (Stadter, 2015).
Gibbs Reflective Cycle (1988), a framework for students to resolve problems in assignments, step
by step, I will reflect on my own problems, (UK Essays, 2013). My previous goal was to study in a
university and now that I have accomplished that goal, my next goal is to complete the course with a
good grade. But the reality of achieving the Foundation Degree is a much harder concept than what I
first thought, having a writer 's...show more content...
Implementing Dewey 's theory in to my assignment, assisting my understanding on how to support
ideas with evidence such as deciding whether I have included all the information needed, the author
/publisher or whether I have referenced continuously throughout the assignments. When previously
writing assignments I need to consider how well it was written, learning from the mistakes,
understanding the feedbacks and setting out times to do better next time (Percival 2006). While
referencing is a struggle for me to use, Kell and Vogl (2010) stated that overcoming referencing can
be done by reading different books, journals and articles of interest.
After analyzing the problem, I realised I try to be a perfectionist, causing a hindrance in producing
assignments. I need to start believing in myself a lot more and be more inspired, as Percival, (2006)
has mentioned that "being too sensitive will block your progress", by doing time–bound goals and
starting the assignment rather than thinking about the end product. Percival (2006),has also stated
putting our energy into the solution rather than the problem will be an advantage to our mindset.
Realisation of putting a pen to the paper to start, a draft can be perfected as time goes on, mending
the structure to the standard required till the
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Consequences Of Referencing
A student of the University of Newcastle, is like a family member for the time you are studying at
the campus. Once you graduate you look back on that time and realise the support and network
you had to create such an inspiring career. Just like a family when you start to grow or join the
campus you grow to have and learn about morals, values and respects and in this family of Newcastle
University you are to 'have honesty, fairness, trust, accountability and respect.'(University of
Newcastle, Code of Conduct,2008,p1.) However, it is hard to gather these understandings of the
'Code of Conduct' and understand in depth consequences are for the values to be broken.
Plagiarism is defined as 'presenting someone else's work as your own without their...show more
content...
Morals and ethics can get you a long way with understanding the difference of what is right and
wrong, with this scenario of not understanding the idea and concept of working together on the
same assignment I as someone could not see the problem with it, and this is where the controversy
is placed because it is understood as wrong under university of
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Harvard Referencing Essay Example

  • 1. The Importance of Citation in Academic Writing The Importance of Citing in Academic Writing Many students today fail to understand the importance of citing sources when they write academic papers. Furthermore, some only cite sources because they are concerned about the grade that they are going to get if their paper is not complete. Plagiarism has become a common practice as individuals prefer to steal intellectual information from others. The ability to create is one of humanity's most important talents and it is wrong for someone to rob an individual of his or her right to put across his or her creativity. Most people understand the unfairness of committing plagiarism when their ideas are stolen and used without their consent and with the person who committed this immorality expressing no interest in referencing them. Academic writing encompasses a complex set of concepts and a person who wants to do it needs to get actively engaged in writing a document is likely to be reviewed by a group of scholars familiar with the subject under discussion. A citation is basically "a signpost and an acknowledgement" (Hunter). The fact that it is a signpost means that it provides readers with information regarding where they can find the source of the writer's inspiration. Its value as an acknowledgement relates to how the writer needs to put across his or her appreciation in regard to the sources that he or she used. In the academic world writers can only function by using sources and this is largely what keeps this Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 2. Harvard Referencing System Harvard Referencing System Tunku Abdul Rahman College Compiled by Dr Chook Ka Joo Quality Assurance Department Tunku Abdul Rahman College and Mr Johnny Chin Fui Chung School of Social Science and Humanities Tunku Abdul Rahman College 2010 For internal circulation only. ©Tunku Abdul Rahman College. All rights reserved. CONTENTS 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 REFERENCES Page INTRODUCTION THE IMPORTANCE OF CITING REFERENCES REFERENCING SYSTEM THE HARVARD REFERENCING SYSTEMCITATIONIN THE TEXT THE REFERENCE LIST EXAMPLES OF REFERENCING 1 1 1 2 2 6 9 TAR College Harvard Referencing System TUNKU ABDUL RAHMAN...show more content... For example: Many factors are known to affect the success of students at the tertiary education level (Saunders 2005). OR TAR College Harvard Referencing System 2 5.2 Saunders (2003, p. 21) claims that there are many factors that are known to affect the success of students at the tertiary education level. In these two examples, the sentences summarise the main view expressed in an article written by Saunders. Also note that the first example highlights the information but the second example highlights or gives prominence to the author of the article. i. If the author's name occurs naturally in the sentence, the year is given in parentheses: In a popular study, Harvey (2005) argued that we have to teach good practices... As Harvey (1992, p. 21) said, 'good practices must be taught' and so we... ii. If the name does not occur naturally in the sentence, both name and year are given in parentheses: A more recent study (Stevens 2002) has shown the way theory and practical work interact... Theory rises out of practice, and once validated, returns to Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 3. Quoting, Paraphrasing, and Summarizing Research papers (research essays) must include information from sources. This is called synthesizing or integrating your sources. There are three ways to incorporate information from other sources into your paper: quoting, paraphrasing, and summarizing. Good research papers should include at least quoting and paraphrasing and preferably also summarizing. The method you choose depends on which is the best way to make the point you are trying to make in using that particular information from the source. It is very important to remember that even if you are not using the exact words of the author as when you paraphrase or summarize, you must give a source citation. Every sentence with information from a...show more content... Quotations should only be used in paraphrases when there are special words or wording that cannot be paraphrased. Because the same information that the author provided is being used, a paraphrase is often as long as the original source. Since paraphrases are information from a source, every sentence with paraphrased information must cite the source even if exact words are not quoted. Even through a sentence with paraphrased information must cite the source, any exact words from the source must be in quotation marks. Failing to use quotation marks on exact words is plagiarism even if the sentence give credit to the source. Proper notetaking while doing research will help avoid plagiarism. Notes should include quotation marks around any exact words taken from sources. Another problem students may have with paraphrasing is that the language used in the paraphrase should be an accurate accounting of the source's ideas. Good paraphrasing doesn't just capture the ideas of the source. They don't include your own opinions or omit important information. Just like in a quotation, be sure to either introduce the source at the beginning of your paraphrase or cite the source at the end of the sentence so that the reader knows these are not your ideas, but ideas from your Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 4. Plagiarism Essay Examples Taking someone's words and using them without a proper citation is a problem. Without being taught the correct way, this problem is not going to correct itself and will continue to become a bigger problem. There are major consequences for plagiarising, but these can be avoided with a simple citation. Tying together the definition ofplagiarism, reasons for using documentation, and an explanation of MLA 8 and APA citations will all be brought together. Learning what kind ofcitation, and what needs a citation is a very important concept in becoming a successful writer. Citing a source correctly will save you time and problems. There are many different definitions of the word plagiarism. Merriam–Webster's dictionary definition, also...show more content... These students were taught a life lesson, something that they will never do again. Being taught, the correct way, at a young age will solve many of the problems that we have today. Becoming aware of the consequences that this could lead to would be worth the extra time citing a document, or writing your own paper. Taking someone's words or writing could lead to loss of job /school, fines, and so much more. To avoid these problems, a simple citation will help anyone become aware that you did give credit to the author. Jim Carnett published an article in the Los Angeles Times stating that he had tried to submit a column to an editor but they sent it back because it contained plagiarised material. Carnett said, "I lifted a portion of one of my columns and inserted it in the Daily Pilot piece without attribution." He hadn't cited his own work and now what he did was plagiarism. To Carnett, this was a total accident, but this shows that you should cite any information that you use. Although there are arguments that there is no such thing as plagiarism, "If a novelist uses a non–fiction book for research, how is that stealing? Non–fiction promises facts, there is no copyright in facts, ergo no stealing..." (Independent.co.uk) it is always best to give credit to the source that you received the information from; thus not having a chance of plagiarism. Having a correct citation for a source is very Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 5. Citation and Harvard Referencing Format TOPIC : ________________________________ 1.0 INTRODUCTION What's Known? Not known? What's new? Thesis Statement : _____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ 2.0 BODY PARAGRAPH: ______________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ 2.1 supporting details, statistics, concrete examples (eg. names of places/buildings/events, etc.)? 2.2 2.3 Concluding sentence : Therefore, __________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________...show more content... List from A–Z, using Harvard Referencing format (see Taylor's library website)Note: All references listed in the actual essay must be found in this Reference List. List from A–Z, using Harvard Referencing format (see Taylor's library website)Note: All references listed in the actual essay must be found in this Reference List. List from A–Z, using Harvard Referencing format (see Taylor's library website)Note: All references listed in the actual essay must be found in this Reference List. List from A–Z, using Harvard Referencing format (see Taylor's library website)Note: All references listed in the actual essay must be found in this Reference List. List from A–Z, using Harvard Referencing format (see Taylor's library website)Note: All references listed in the actual essay must be found in this Reference List. List from A–Z, using Harvard Referencing format (see Taylor's library website)Note: All references listed in the actual essay must be found in this Reference List. List from A–Z, using Harvard Referencing format (see Taylor's library website)Note: All references listed in the actual essay must be found in this Reference List. List from A–Z, using Harvard Referencing format (see Taylor's library website)Note: All references listed in the actual essay must be found in this Reference List. List from A–Z, using Harvard Referencing Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 6. Harvard Referencing Guide debate ana A guide to the Harvard referencing system Maureen Dwyer This article explains how to reference an academic work using the Harvard system. Instructions comply with the relevant British standards, i.e. BS 5605:1990, BS 1629:1989 and BS 6371:1983. The importance of referencing in an approved manner is discussed and problem areas such as joint authors, corporate authorship and unpublished works are examined. The issue of second–hand references that are not addressed by the standards is also explained– T he Harvard system is a popular referencing system for academic works and is Ah( often referred to as the 'author/date ' system, which distinguishes it from the Vancouver or 'numerical ' system. To be more specific, it...show more content... exact date is not known, an approximate date followed by a question mark can be given, e.g. (16th century?). Where no date is given or can be found, (No date) or the .lbbrcviation (ND) should be stated. Title: Always use the title on the title piige. Give the full title, although the inclusion of the subtitle is optional. Journal titles should be given in full, with abbreviations used only in accordance with BS 4148 (BSI, 1985). If referring to a whole journal – not just an article within it – give the journal name and its International Standard Serial Number (ISSN), e.g. Journal of Ecology, ISSN 0022–0477. Reference: Dickinson EJ (1991) Quality hospitals: the role of medical audit. Geriatric Medicine 21: 27–8, 31–2. Citations in the text # Use only the author*s/s ' surname(s) and year of publication, with the addition of page number(s) if required, e.g. (Swann, 1981, p. 10). # Where sense demands, the name of the author(s) can be incorporated into the text, e.g. Strauss and Ziegler (1975) outline the main goals of the Delphi technique, with Turoff (1970) identifying four secondary goals. # If two or more works by the same author(s) have the same publication date, they should be distinguished by adding lower case letters after the date, e.g. (Tschudin, 1992b). Finalised reference list Edition: It is important to state second or further Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 7. Essay and referencing Introduction The three communication theories I have applied to provide the most insight into understanding the dynamics of the observed conversation between two people are; the transmission model (Shannon & Weaver 1949), Foulger 's ecological model (Foulger 2004), and an expanded model of communication (Eunson 2012). In this essay I have used a conversation I had listened to which was between my friend (from here on will be named George) and his friend (from here on will be named Mark). Problems that arose during the conversation will be explained as well as how George and Mark overcame them. From there the essay will compare and contrast the three communication theories and decide which of these best simplify the conversation....show more content... Figure 2: An Ecological Model of the Communication (Source: Foulger 2004) Eunson 's expanded model of communication is more complex than Foulger 's as well as Shannon and Weaver 's models, though it is more appropriate to this conversation had between George and Mark due to the fact it shows that in order for the communication to happen the sender must pre–edit and then encode the message pass the message onto the receiver where he decodes and edits the message. Eunson also takes into account the use of mechanical, behavioural and semantic factors of encoding, and understands that if the message is to be understood the receiver must be able to decode the message. This is particularly relevant, and highly important to this conversation between George and Mark due to the factors mentioned before. Context Figure 3: An expanded model of communication (Source: Eunson 2012) Conclusion I have found Shannon and Weavers transactional model too simple and cannot evaluate the complexities of this situation, and that Foulger 's model too broad and not able to focus on the problems that need to be addressed. Therefore, I believe that Eunson 's expanded model of communication is the most adequate to use out of the three models that were written about because Eunson 's model has shown how a message from George is first pre–edited Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 8. Informal Reference Groups A reference group is people who we want to resemble. When I was a freshman in college I dressed very plain such as a pair of jeans with a basic t–shirt. As the months, went by I started dressing differently such as wearing lipstick, color jeans, nice shirts, etc. Also, I act differently more of a preppy attitude. I was surrounded by a group of people who dress nicely and act preppy. This reference group molded me because I admire their appearances and attitudes. There are different reference groups that can be identify such as informal, formal membership and disclaimant. Informal reference groups have interests and goals in common. For example, relatives, mothers in the community and peers. A formal reference would be have one main goal in Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 9. Advantages And Disadvantages Of APA Writing Style 1. I think that having formatting standards such as APA is very necessary and useful for a clear communication. When we use an editorial style, we remove the distraction of puzzling over the correct punctuation for a reference or the proper form for numbers in text. An author writing for a publication must follow the rules established by the publisher to avoid inconsistencies among journal articles or book chapters. For example, without rules of style, three different manuscripts might use sub–categories, subcategories, and Subcategories in one issue of a journal or book. Although the meaning of the word is the same (in this case, subcategories is APA Style), such variations in style may distract or confuse the reader. To sum up the need for a consistent style becomes more apparent when complex material is presented, such as tables or statistics. 2. There are advantages and disadvantages in using an APA style. Let's start with benefits: One major advantage of the APA writing style is that it encourages direct exposition of your research and emphasizes your original ideas being reported. This precision is complemented by a straightforward manuscript structure that includes a title page, abstract, body, reference list and, if applicable, appendices. Also, APA citations include a brief reference in the body of your text paired with a full citation in your reference list. Citations within the text should list last name of the author and that author's publication date, followed by a page number if the citation involves a direct quotation. In addition, the APA writing and citation style ensures you are giving adequate credit to others for prior work and allows the reader to easily track your references. What is more adopting the APA writing style guarantees that both the structure of your paper and the format of your citations are consistent throughout. The clarity of your writing along with a precise citation format works to establish your credibility, and it reflects the extent of your research. On the other side the drawbacks in using such a style are: Firstly, the APA manual has a rule for just about every aspect of writing. You will find instructions for the technical aspects of constructing a paper, Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 10. Social Referencing Analysis According to the book, social referencing is where a young child who is faced with an uncertain situation, such as meeting new people and then they will turn to a parent, infant care teacher, preschool teacher, or family child care provider for clues about how they are going to react. It portrays that young children look for a person who is close or significant in order to obtain clarifying information in each situation. For example, a person came in a child's house and this is the first time when the child meets this person. The child might look for their parents to clarify the new people she sees. Then, child's parents greet this person and introduce it as their parents' friend. Then, this is where a child would be comfortable knowing that Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 11. Reflection Of A Reflection On Academic Skills REFLECTION–ACADEMIC SKILLS When the word reflection is mentioned, the first thought is a mirror–like image of yourself. This is to define your own perception of the acceptable and poor quality within yourself. Taking action of the weaknesses and developing my skills to improve me around everyone, (Stadter, 2015). Gibbs Reflective Cycle (1988), a framework for students to resolve problems in assignments, step by step, I will reflect on my own problems, (UK Essays, 2013). My previous goal was to study in a university and now that I have accomplished that goal, my next goal is to complete the course with a strong grade. But the reality of achieving the Foundation Degree is a much harder concept than what I first thought, having...show more content... "Experience–reflection–knowledge" Pawar and Anscombe, (2015), has mentioned Dewey (1933) is a great example of how planning ahead is a step towards better success rather than dwelling on the past problems. Implementing Dewey 's theory into my assignment, assisting my understanding of how to support ideas with evidence such as deciding whether I have included all the information needed, the author/publisher or whether I have referenced continuously throughout the assignments. When previously writing assignments I need to consider how well it was written, learning from the mistakes, understanding the feedbacks and setting out times to do better next time (Percival 2006). While referencing is a struggle for me to apply, Kell and Vogl (2010) stated that overcoming referencing can be done by reading different books, journals, and articles of interest. Subsequently, after analysing the problem, I realised I try to be a perfectionist, causing a hindrance in producing assignments. I need to start believing in myself much more and be more inspired, as Percival, (2006) has mentioned that "being too sensitive will block your progress", by doing time–bound goals and starting the assignment rather than thinking about the purpose. Percival (2006), has also said putting our energy into the solution rather than the problem will be an advantage to our mindset. Realisation of putting a pen to the paper to start, a draft can be Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 12. In this essay I will concentrate on inter–professional collaboration which is cornerstone for providing better care to patients. I will try to examine some benefits and opportunities, while identifying the barriers and issues to effective collaborative work between employees. Throughout my essay I will be using LEARN format for better reflection on my clinical practice, my thoughts and feeling. As a nursing student in Early Identification team which is focused on maternal and children's health, I will discuss my experience as being a part of this team. Look back During my last year of nursing program, I was placed in Child and Family Health Division at York Region Public Health Services. My preceptor, N., is assigned to revise references in one of the public guides dedicated to discover problems in healthy children's growth and development and serve as a" red flag" for professionals, educators, and medical workers. Any "red flag" issue in motor, sensory, learning, developmental areas required immediate reference for further assessment and intervention. The significant amount of time that my preceptor allocated to work was inter–professional collaboration including direct and indirect contact with stakeholders, other health care providers, educational professionals, technical support team, and others. This evidence prompted me to initiate research and reflect on different form of collaboration within public health system. Elaborate and analysis I was delighted and surprised Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 13. SUBJECT: Precision Worldwide, Inc. RECOMMENDATION: My recommendation for Precision Worldwide, Inc. (PWI) is to immediately stop the production of steel rings. PWI then needs to sell the remaining steel rings to at least recoup some of their initial investment. In the meantime they should start producing, selling, and distributing plastic rings to their entire market of customers while attracting new customers who may prefer this new option. CONCLUSION: By changing their production offering to the plastic rings, PWI will create more profit which in turn will keep them ahead of competitors in the industry. The remaining 15,100 steel rings will have to be calculated as a sunk cost. With this new product offering, PWI will be able to ...show more content... PWI currently has a specialized inventory because the steel rings that they produced were made from a unique type of steel. There would be sunk costs that would ultimately come from the failure of PWI to sell back the specialized steel because of the same features that make the steel unique would in the end be the reason that they are difficult to resell. There is over $390,000 in estimated costs of the specialized unprocessed steel and the already completed rings, as well as steel rings that were a work in process. By immediately stopping production of the steel rings PWI will lose quite a bit of money, but in the long run they will be able to bring in a larger profit and more clientele with the production of the plastic rings. To minimize the amount of that Precision Worldwide, Inc. stands to lose (close to $400,000); they can raise its opportunity cost by bringing to an end the work in process of the specialized steel rings. During the production phase of the new plastic rings, PWI can try to sell all of the remaining steel rings that they have in stock. By doing so, they will be able to decrease the amount of money that they stand to lose when switching product lines. The new profit margin is $828.25 per hundred rings (Cost of the steel rings $1,107.90 minus cost of the plastic rings $279.65). PWI has the potential to earn $1070.35 per one hundred Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 14. Hertfordshire Business School Guide to Harvard Referencing This guide has been produced by the ASU in response to questions from Hertfordshire Business School (HBS) students about the important subject of accurate referencing. It is essential for you to reference your work thoroughly because what you write for HBS must be 'evidenced ' – your discussion and arguments should consist mainly of academic theory and 'expert ' practitioner experience. These two main sources (theory and practice) MUST be referenced throughout your writing. Readers must be able to see which words are your own words and any original ideas, and what sources you have used as evidence to back up your assertions. Good referencing is ESSENTIAL because: 1) Your...show more content... If you decide to include the exact words of another author, you must enclose their words with quotation marks and include the page number in–text, e.g. Schutte (1999:298) asserts "westerners regarded the Japanese as workaholics". See example 48 on page 14 for examples. Final list of References: Consistent punctuation and spacing are necessary in the References. Some general rules apply: * Author or authors' names: * Use only the initials of the author or authors ' given names. * No full stops are used between initials. * Generational titles, i.e. Junior, Senior or roman numerals are only included in the References list, e.g. Smith, J., Jr. (2009) ... Academic prefixes, i.e. Dr. are omitted from the reference. * Titles of works: * Only capitalise content words for the titles of books, book chapters and journal articles. * In the titles of journals, magazines and newspapers, capital letters should be used as they appear normally. * Use italics for the titles of books, journals, and newspapers. * Enclose titles of book chapters and journal articles in inverted commas (single quotation marks). * Page numbering: * Books: page numbers are not usually needed in the final list of References. * Journals: page numbers appear as the final item of the citation, followed by a full stop. In the Reference list, use the abbreviation p. for one page, and pp. for a page range, e.g. Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 15. Introduction Referencing is one of the most important aspects of any academic literature in the modern day scenario. It is the main way through which someone acknowledges the fact that they have borrowed the ideas of someone else, and have used their work for citation ion their work. There are several different kinds of referencing system among which the Harvard referencing style is one of the most popular. The different aspects of the Harvard style along with the main methods through which the style is implemented have been detailed and discussed. Herein, this study is about the Harvard referencing style and detailing the actual point of referencing in the first place. The Actual Point of Referencing Referencing is extremely important while compiling an academic file, as it is the main method of showing acknowledgement to the authors of the work which has been used for ideas in the said academic literature. A failure in this regard leads to people developing the misconception that the author has cheated or plagiarised someone else's work and is now claiming it as their own. Any kind of plagiarism is considered to be a serious offence, especially in the academic circles. Being accused of the malpractice of plagiarism is one of the worst hits that the reputation of a researcher can ever receive. Indeed, it is significantly difficult to recover a proper reputation once accusations of this kind are made towards someone. For students, being accused of the Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 16. Harvard Referencing Guide Harvard System Referencing Guide 1. INTRODUCTION This guide sets out the Harvard system of referencing to be used in the Thesis and other major essays submitted as part of the course taught through out the MBA program. It is important to reference published material that you wish to use in your essay. While referencing is a standard that is used to avoid plagiarism it also supports a strong scientific method. To build arguments and provide evidence you mustreference any published resources you use. The spirit of referencing is embodied in Newton's famous 1676 quote, 'If I have seen further it is by standing on the shoulders of giants'. It means that Newton's great discoveries were made by building on the previous work of...show more content... An individualizing focus may result in undermining 'the capacity for communal action and alienate the organizational members from the activities that they are required to undertake' (Broadbent, et al., 1999: 358). Reference List Broadbent, J. Jacobs, K. and Laughlin, R. (1999) 'Comparing schools in the U.K. and New Zealand: Individualizing and socializing accountabilities and some implications for management control'. Management Accounting Research, 10: 339–361. 5. INTERNET SITES The variability of internet site quality is problematic for referencing in academic essays. However, access to annual company reports, press releases, and daily news services provide ample reasons to utilize the internet in essays. Journal articles obtained over the internet should use the standard journal format unless the journal is solely in electronic format (see below). In–Text Wiegran and Koth's (1999) article on successful online commerce focuses on customer loyalty, increasing purchases, and higher margin products. They propose five website features to achieve successful online commerce; Value added information, personalization, intelligent communication, user generated content, and loyalty incentives (Wiegran and Koth, 1999). Since 1991, the price of oil has reached its highest in February 2000 and this rise is due to OPEC restrictions on oil production (BBC, 2000). Reference List
  • 17. BBC, (2000, February 19) 'Oil reaches $30 a barrel'. (BBC News), Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 18. Social Referencing Development Research Replication: The Development of Social Referencing Keely Rodriguez California State University of Sacramento Professor Jaeger Abstract The development of social referencing Infants could indicate the emotional reactions of other people in order to evaluate situations or objects as safe or risky (Wagner, 2004, p. 309.) Introduction Walden and Ogan conducted a study to better understand the way infants engage in social referencing as a means of influencing their interpretations and responses to events, objects, and people. Social referencing was examined on infants as young as 6 months of age and indicated that they reference their parents and other persons by the end of the first year of life (Walden & Ogan, ...show more content... There were several differences in age related behaviors between the groups. The youngest group did not seek the parent's face as frequently as did the older grouped children. The older children's preference for making reference to the parent's face may reflect their understanding that facial expressions provide a significant source information about events. The youngest children may have lacked such understanding or they may have been more concerned with simply establishing their parents secured presence rather than using them as a resource for appraising the toys. The looking pattern of the youngest children suggest that they may have not detected the fear effect of the parental communication or understood that the message referred specifically to the toy. However, the fact that the youngest group spent less time playing with the toy associated with the fearful message indicated that some communication did occur. By the end of the first year of life, children can be expected to have at least some understanding of the meaning of fearful expressions as well as referential communications, and they appear to have taken their parents negative messages seriously. Infants of about 12 months of age have frequently been the focus of social referencing studies, and the results of the present investigation suggest that social referencing effects may indeed Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 19. Reflection Of A Reflection On Academic Skills REFLECTION–ACADEMIC SKILLS When the word reflection is mentioned, the first thought is a mirror like image of yourself. This is to define your own perception of the good and bad quality within yourself. Taking action of the weaknesses and developing my skills to improve myself around everyone, (Stadter, 2015). Gibbs Reflective Cycle (1988), a framework for students to resolve problems in assignments, step by step, I will reflect on my own problems, (UK Essays, 2013). My previous goal was to study in a university and now that I have accomplished that goal, my next goal is to complete the course with a good grade. But the reality of achieving the Foundation Degree is a much harder concept than what I first thought, having a writer 's...show more content... Implementing Dewey 's theory in to my assignment, assisting my understanding on how to support ideas with evidence such as deciding whether I have included all the information needed, the author /publisher or whether I have referenced continuously throughout the assignments. When previously writing assignments I need to consider how well it was written, learning from the mistakes, understanding the feedbacks and setting out times to do better next time (Percival 2006). While referencing is a struggle for me to use, Kell and Vogl (2010) stated that overcoming referencing can be done by reading different books, journals and articles of interest. After analyzing the problem, I realised I try to be a perfectionist, causing a hindrance in producing assignments. I need to start believing in myself a lot more and be more inspired, as Percival, (2006) has mentioned that "being too sensitive will block your progress", by doing time–bound goals and starting the assignment rather than thinking about the end product. Percival (2006),has also stated putting our energy into the solution rather than the problem will be an advantage to our mindset. Realisation of putting a pen to the paper to start, a draft can be perfected as time goes on, mending the structure to the standard required till the Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 20. Consequences Of Referencing A student of the University of Newcastle, is like a family member for the time you are studying at the campus. Once you graduate you look back on that time and realise the support and network you had to create such an inspiring career. Just like a family when you start to grow or join the campus you grow to have and learn about morals, values and respects and in this family of Newcastle University you are to 'have honesty, fairness, trust, accountability and respect.'(University of Newcastle, Code of Conduct,2008,p1.) However, it is hard to gather these understandings of the 'Code of Conduct' and understand in depth consequences are for the values to be broken. Plagiarism is defined as 'presenting someone else's work as your own without their...show more content... Morals and ethics can get you a long way with understanding the difference of what is right and wrong, with this scenario of not understanding the idea and concept of working together on the same assignment I as someone could not see the problem with it, and this is where the controversy is placed because it is understood as wrong under university of Get more content on HelpWriting.net