1. CATHETERIZATION The abbreviation cath, is short for Catheterization in the medical world. This is a process where a tube made out of latex, polyurethane or silicone is inserted into a patient’s urethra. A catheterization is performed so that a patient’s urine can drain independently from the bladder for collection. In addition, catheterization can be used to inject liquids used for treatment or diagnosis of bladder collection.