2. INTRODUCTION
• Motivation is a psychological feature that
arouses an organism to act towards a desired
goal and elicits, controls, and sustains certain
goal directed behaviors.
• A Psychological drive that compels or
reinforces an action toward a desired goal
6. 2. INCENTIVE THEORY
• A reward, tangible or intangible, is
presented after the occurrence of an
action(i.e. behavior) with the
intention of causing the
behavior to occur again.
7. 3. REINFORCEMENT THEORY
• Proposed by B.F Skinner
• It states that individual’s behavior is a function
of its consequences.
• It is based on “law of effect”
9. 5. GOAL SETTING THEORY
• Goal-setting theory is based on the notion
that individuals sometimes have a drive to
reach a clearly defined end state.
Often, this end state is a reward in itself.
• A goal's efficiency is affected by three
features --
-proximity ---
-difficulty -------
-specificity.
10. 6. HERZBERG 2 FACTOR THEORY
• Motivators; (e.g. challenging work, recognition, responsibility)
which give positive satisfaction.
• Hygiene factors (e.g. status, job security, salary and fringe benefits) that
do not motivate if present, but, if absent, result in de motivation.
