Download Link: https://sites.google.com/view/varunpratapsingh/teaching-engagements (Copy URL) UNIT-2: Part-2 Zeroth law: Zeroth law, Different temperature scales and temperature measurement First law: First law of thermodynamics. Processes flow and non-flow, Control volume, Flow work and non-flow work, Steady flow energy equation, unsteady flow systems and their analysis. Second law: Limitations of first law of thermodynamics, Essence of second law, Thermal reservoir, Heat engines. COP of heat pump and refrigerator. Statements of second law and their equivalence, Carnot cycle, Carnot theorem, Thermodynamic temperature scale, Clausius inequality. Concept of entropy.

1. Basic Mechanical Engineering
UNIT-2
Thermodynamics' Laws
Part-Two (Second Law of Thermodynamics)
By
Mr. Varun Pratap Singh

6. Source Sink

7. In thermodynamics and engineering, a heat engine is a system that converts heat to mechanical energy, which can
then be used to do mechanical work. It does this by bringing a working substance from a higher state temperature
to a lower state temperature.

9. Reversible Heat Engine
Every reversible heat engine operating between the same two temperature reservoirs have identical efficiency. This means no
matter how a reversible heat engine is constructed or what the working fluid is, its efficiency is the same as all other heat
engines working from the same two temperatures.

15. The Kelvin-Planck statement is the statement of the second law of thermodynamics for heat
engines, while the Clausius statement is the statement of the refrigerators and heat pumps.

19. Equivalence of Kelvin-Planck and Clausius Statements
The Clausius and Kelvin-Planck statements of the second law are entirely equivalent. This equivalence can be
demonstrated by showing that the violation of either statement can result in violation of the other one.

21. The Clausius and Kelvin-Planck statements of the second law are entirely equivalent. This equivalence can be
demonstrated by showing that the violation of either statement can result in violation of the other one.

28. CARNOT THEOREM AND COROLLARY