In this ppt explain the variously embedded processor and density based traffic light system

1. Embedded system and Development
PRESENTED BY
RANI L

3. Topics
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Introduction to Embedded systems
Introduction 8051& PIC Families
Development tools
Discussing projects

4. Introduction to Embedded systems
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5. Examples In Your Daily Life
 Wake up
Have breakfast
Set home safety system
Get into your car
on your way to your office
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6. (con‘d)
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 In Your working place…

7. (con‘d)
 Back Home …
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8. EMBEDDED SYSTEM BLOCK DIAGRAM

9. EMBEDDED PROCESSOR
 General purpose Processor
Microprocessor –Intel8085,
Microcontroller-Intel8051,ATMEL89c51,PIC16f877A
 Embedded Processor-ARM9,INTELi960,AMD29050
 DSP Processor- Texas Instruments TMS320
 Application Specified Integrated Circuit(ASIC )- Cellphone Processor
 Application Specific System Processor(ASSP) –setup box(STIH206), Motor driver
IC’s,
 Multi processor system using GPP’s/SOC - Snapdragon
processor,mediatek,apple

10.  General purpose Processor It is designed for specific application
 ASIP have good flexibility with good performance
 It have low cost and low power consumption.
 So efficiency is high
 It have high computational speed.
 Example : Embedded microcontroller , DSP,network processor , PDA, Cell
phones
 Intel, Motorola, Hitachi,TI, Philips and ARM
 For example, an Intel®—MCS51, Philips® 51XA, 51MX, or Motorola —
68HC11, 68HC12, 68HC16
ASIP(Application Specific Instruction
Processor)

11. ASIC(Application specific integrated
circuits)
Integrated circuits customized for specific use
Digital ASIC- logic gates,digital memory,microprocessor
Analog ASIC-Amplifiers, regulators ,op-amp, ADCS
Mixed ASIC-combination of the two

12. Embedded system application
 Based on microcontroller (without OS)
 Based on microprocessor (with OS(LINUX)/without OS)

13. MICROPROCESSOR FAMILIES
 INTEL:I3 ,I5,I7 , i386 Embedded Processors
80386 processor used in such as BlackBerry 950, and Nokia 9000
Communicator, electronic musical instruments
 AMD:AMD Embedded R, G-Series
AMD Embedded G-Series used in Communications, Digital Set Top Boxes,
Industrial Controllers, Medical, Networking, Single Board Computers.
 ARM:Cortex-A, Cortex-R, Cortex-M
Cortex-R used in Cameras,Industrial,Mobile handsets, StorageAutomotive

14.  Mobile phone processor
Qualcomm Processor: snap dragon 845 in Xiaomi Mi MIX 2S
Apple : Apple A11 Bionic in Apple iPhone 10
Mediatek: MT6797M (Helio X20) in InFocus Epic 1
 Industrial Processor:
Blackfin Processors- Combined control and signal processing capabilities
SHARC Processors - provide the industry’s best 32-bit floating point performance

15. MICROCONTROLLER FAMILIES
 8051 : Intel 8051,8052,80251,P89v51RD2
 PIC: Microchip PIC16f887,PIC16f877A,PIC18f542
 AVR: Atmel Atmega 128,ATtiny28L,AT90S8515
 ARM: NXP semiconductor electronics LPC2100 series ,LPC8000 series

16.  8 – Bit:
1. MCS-51 Series
2. MICROCHIP
3. MOTOROLA
4. HITACHI
 16 – Bit:
1. 80196 - INTEL
2. 68HC12 - MOTOROLA
3. MSP 430 - TI
 32 – Bit:
1. POWERPC
2. MIPS
3. X86
4. SH Family Hitachi
5. ARM +Derivatives
Microcontroller Types
32 Bit
40%
16 Bit
15%
8 Bit
40%
4 Bit
5%

17. PROJECT -1
DENSITY BASED TRAFFIC LIGHT SYSTEM (DTLS)

18. ISSUSE AND SOLUTION
 Controlling the traffic becomes major issues of rapid increase in
automobiles and large time delay between the traffic lights .
 Increase fuel consumption as well as pollution.
 In order to avoid this problem we can go for Density based traffic light
system

19. BLOCK DIAGRAM
-
-
-
-
Seven segment display

20. 8051 Microcontroller Family
P8051
P8052
P89v51RD2
AT89c51 AT89s52

21. MICROCONTROLLER
Microcontroller are single chip device
Read input device
 Process data or information
Control the output device
Using the microcontroller
How to connect the microcontroller to the hardware.
How to write and program the code into the microcontroller.

22. Introduction of 89c51

23. ATMEL 89c51 Microcontroller
 Harvard architecture, RISC instruction set
 8-bit ALU and Accumulator
 16-bit address bus and 8-bit data bus
 4 KBytes of on-chip program memory
 128 Bytes of on-chip RAM
 32 bidirectional I/O lines, which can also be used as four 8-bit
ports
 Two 16-bit timers /counters
 Full duplex UART
 Six interrupt source
 Idle and Power down mode

24. ARCHITECTURE

25. IC 8051 Pin Description
Ground
Voltage Supply
(+5V)

26. Port 0 from
Pin-39 to Pin-32
An 8-bit open drain
bidirectional port.
DUAL
FUNCTION
Used to access both
data and address
IC 8051 Pin Description

27. Port 1 from
Pin-1 to pin-8
8-bit bidirectional
I/O port with
internal pull-ups
IC 8051 Pin Description

28. Port 3 from
Pin-10 to Pin-17
P3.0 : RxD(serial input port)
P3.1 :TxD (serial output port)
P3.2 :INT0 (external interrupt 0)
P3.3 :INT1 (external interrupt 1)
P3.4 :T0 (Timer 0 External input)
P3.5 :T1 (Timer 1 External input)
P3.6 :WR (External data memory write
strobe)
P3.7 :RD (External data memory read
strobe)
IC 8051 Pin Description

29. 89c51 I/O Ports
 It is generally a specific place for being physically connected to some other
device, usually with a socket and plug of some kind.
PORT DETAILS
 4 Eight bit I/O ports are available.
 Ports named as P0, P1, P2 & P3.
 All ports are Input / Output ports.
 UponReset all Ports are in HIGH state
 To configure the Ports as Input Ports Logical HIGH is assigned to the Port.

30. LED INTERFACING WITH
89c51 I/O Ports

31. LED
 Special type of diode that convert
electrical energy into light

32. LED colors

33. LED Interfacing with microcontroller

34. KEY interfacing with I/O Ports

35. TACTILE SWITCH
 Tactile switch is an on/off electronic switch that is only on when the button
is pressed or if there is a definitive change in pressure.

36. TACTILE SWITCH CONNECTION

37. KEY interfacing with Microcontroller

38. IR SENSOR interfacing with I/O Ports

39.  infrared sensor is a device that emits
and/or receives infrared waves in the
form of heat.
IR SENSOR WORKING

40. IR SENSOR based Projects

41. 7 _segment interfacing

42.  Seven segment displays are used to indicate numerical information
 Seven segment displays internally consist of 8 LEDs
 In these LEDs, 7 LEDs are used to indicate the digits 0 to 9 and single
LED is used for indicating decimal point
 Generally seven segments are two types
INTRODUCTION

43. COMMON ANODE
 In the common anode display, all the anode connections of the LED segments are
joined together to logic “1”.
 logic “0” or “LOW

44. COMMON CATHODE
 In the common cathode display, all the cathode connections of the LED segments are
joined together to logic “0”.
 logic “1 or “HIGH

45. CONNECTION

46. Con’d
 Seven segment has a ten legs
 8 pins are data lines
 1-common anode /cathode
 1-segment select

47. a
g
b
c
d
f
e
dp
COM
GND
microcontroller
5v
GND
Con’d

48. a
b
c
d
e
f
g
a b c d e f g
0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0
1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0
2 1 1 0 1 1 0 1
3 1 1 1 1 0 0 1
4 0 1 1 0 0 1 1
5 1 0 1 1 0 1 1
6 1 0 1 1 1 1 1
7 1 1 1 0 0 0 0
8 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
9 1 1 1 1 0 1 1
A 1 1 1 0 1 1 1
b 0 0 1 1 1 1 1
C 1 0 0 1 1 1 0
d 0 1 1 1 1 0 1
E 1 0 0 1 1 1 1
F 1 0 0 0 1 1 1

49. LOOK UP TABLE
Segments
Input
(Decimal)
Input
(Hex)
Output
(Hex)
g f e d c b a
Value on Display
0 0x00 0x3F 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0
1 0x01 0x06 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1
2 0x02 0x5B 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 2
3 0x03 0x4F 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 3
4 0x04 0x66 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 4
5 0x05 0x6D 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 5
6 0x06 0x7D 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 6
7 0x07 0x07 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 7
8 0x08 0x7F 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 8
9 0x09 0x67 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 9
10 0x0A 0x77 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 A
11 0x0B 0x7C 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 b
12 0x0C 0x39 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 C
13 0x0D 0x5E 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 d
14 0x0E 0x79 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 E
15 0x0F 0x71 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 F

50. Seven Segment interfacing with Microcontroller

51. Thanks For Watching
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