2. Creation of the Universe
o Cosmology
o Study of the origin, structure and future of the
universe
o Expantion, does the universe is in constant
expantion?

3. Big Bang Theory.

4. Galaxies.

5. Types of Galaxies
Spirals
Form of disc, with highly densed stars grouped
surrounding the central bulb.

6. Type of Galaxies
Ellipticals
All of the stars were formed at once and have the
shape of an ellipse.

7. Types of Galaxies
Irregulars
Without definitie aspect and small sized.
New stars keep forming, made of gas and dust.

8. What type is this Galaxy?

9. Solar System
It was formed 4600 million years
ago in a cloud of hellium and rocks.

10. Comets, Asteroids,
Meteors.

11. Comets
Parts of ice and rock
They travel around the Sun
Meteor (shooting star)
Stream of light
Rock and dust burn in the high levels of the
atmosphere
Meteorite
Rock from space that falls into Earth
Piece of asteroid
Asteroid
Smaller pieces of rock
Between Mars and Jupiter
Limit between interior and exterior planets

14. Astronomy.
One of the oldest sciences
First observations and descoveries made by:
Babylonians, Egyptians, Chinese and Greek
The Greeks were the first ones to try to explain the
planetary movement
The Earth was the center of the Universe

15. Ptolomy’s Solar System
 Geocentric system

16. Copernicus’ heliocentric
theory
 The Sun is the center of the Universe

17. Galileo Galilei’s Moons
Built a telescope with 32 lenses
Begininning of the Telescopic Astronomy
Demonstrated that the Sun revolved around its axis in 27 days
Observation of solar stains
Observed 4 bodies
revolving around
Jupiter
Galileo’s moons

18. Johann Kepler’s Laws
Based on:
Copernicus’ theory
Observations made by his teacher, Tycho Brahe
Demonstrated elliptical planet orbits
17 years of dedication
Vast knowledge in mathematics
Stablished 3 laws in planetary motion

19. Hypatia
 First woman to be an astronomer.
 Discovered that the orbits are indeed elliptical
 Accused of witchcraft and pagan believes.

20. Kepler’s First Law
The paths of the planets are ellipses with the Sun at
one focus.

21. Kepler’s Second Law
 An imaginar line from the Sun to a planet sweeps
out equal areas in equal time intervals whether the
planet is close to or far from the Sun

22. Kepler’s Third Law
 The squares of the periods of revolution of the
planets are proportional to the cubes of the radius of
their orbits.

23. Isaac Newton
 Deduced that a planet is kept in orbit by the
centripetal force by the force of attraction of the Sun.
Law of Universal Gravitation

24. Law of Universal
Gravitation
 Any 2 bodies attract with a force proportional to the
product of their masses and inverserly proportional
to the square of the distance between them.

25. Albert Einstein
General Theory of Relativity
Gravity is not a force, but an effect of space itself.
It is an apparent force, and mass causes space to be
curved, and other bodies are accelerated because
they move in this curved space.
A very large mass causes:
Distortion in space
Makes the particles, even light, to follow curved
trajectories

26. The black hole.

27. The black hole.