UNIT V - Study of biological source, chemical nature and uses of drugs of natural origin containing following drugs 08 (a) Plant Products: Fibers - Cotton, Jute, Hemp Hallucinogens, Teratogens, Natural allergens 3 (b) Primary metabolites: General introduction, detailed study with respect to chemistry, sources, preparation, evaluation, preservation, storage, therapeutic used and commercial utility as Pharmaceutical Aids and/or Medicines for the following Primary metabolites: (c) Carbohydrates: Acacia, Agar, Tragacanth, Honey

1. PHARMACOGNOSY OF Agar
PRESENTED BY:
MR. PRITAM VIJAY JUVATKAR
ASSISTANT PROFESSOR
pvjuvatkar@rediffmail.com, +91 9987779536
KONKAN GYANPEETH RAHUL DHARKAR COLLEGE OF PHARMACY AND RESEARCH INSTITUTE,
KARJAT
UNIVERSITY OF MUMBAI
9987779536
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Content
◦Synonym
◦Biological source
◦Family
◦Macroscopic characters
◦Chemical constituents
◦Uses
◦Chemical test
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3. Synonym: Agar-agar, Japanese-Isinglass, Vegetable gelatin.
Biological source:
It is the dried gelatious substance obtained from Gelidium
amansii.
Several other species of red algae like, Gracilaria (Gracilariaceae)
Family: Gelidaceae.
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Preparation
Red-algae is grown on the bamboos spread in the ocean
The collection of the material is done in May and October.
The sea-weeds are scrapped from the bamboos, dried
This is necessary to bleach the product to some extent and even to remove and foreign material
like shells, sand, etc
It is boiled for 5 to 6 hours with large quantity of dilute acidified water (about 1 part of algae with 60 parts of
water).
On cooling, jelly is produced. These rectangular solid pieces of jelly are then passed through the netting
under pressure
Narrow strips, thus formed, are allowed to melt during the day time in the sun, which removes the excess of
water
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5. Macroscopical characters:
Colour: Yellowish-grey or white to nearly colourless.
Odour: Odourless
Taste: Mucilaginous.
Size: Sheets are 45 to 60 cm long and 1o to 15 cm wide
Shape: It is found in various forms like strips sheets flakes or coarse powder.
Extra features: Strips are translucent, lustrous and slender,
while the flakes are greyish-white in colour.
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6. Chemical constituents:
Agar consists of two different polysaccharides named as agarose and agaropectin.
Agarose is responsible for gel strength.
Agaropectin is responsible for the viscosity of agar solutions.
Agaropectin is sulphonated polysaccharide in which galactose and uronic acid
units are partly esterified with sulphonic acid
Agarose is composed of
D-galactose and
3.6 anhydro L-galactose units
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Agarose
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7. Uses
As an emulsifying agent
Bulk laxative
Preparation of jellies
Preparation of bacteriological culture
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8. PHARMACOGNOSY OF Agar
Boil 1.5g of
drug
100ml of
water cool It forms stiff jelly
1)
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Drug
mounted
With
ruthenium red
Particle acquire pink colour
2)
0.2% of
solution of
agar in water
solution of
Tannic acid No Precipitate
3)

9. Thank You
PRESENTED BY:
MR. PRITAM VIJAY JUVATKAR
ASSISTANT PROFESSOR
pvjuvatkar@rediffmail.com, +91 9987779536
KONKAN GYANPEETH RAHUL DHARKAR COLLEGE OF PHARMACY AND
RESEARCH INSTITUTE, KARJAT
UNIVERSITY OF MUMBAI

10. Disclosure
PRESENTED BY:
MR. PRITAM VIJAY JUVATKAR
ASSISTANT PROFESSOR
pvjuvatkar@rediffmail.com, +91 9987779536
KONKAN GYANPEETH RAHUL DHARKAR COLLEGE OF PHARMACY AND
RESEARCH INSTITUTE, KARJAT
UNIVERSITY OF MUMBAI
This Presentation is meant for Study Notes for B.Pharm Students only. Please do not
take as a reference for treatment for an ailments or other usage