Tetracyclines

1. Tetracyclines
Presented by-
Purna RanjanTripura
M’pharm 1st semester
Tripura University

2. • Introduction
• Classification
• Structure of tetracycline
• Mechanism of action
• Mechanism of resistance
• Uses of tetracycline
• Side effects of tetracycline
• Drug interaction
• Storage
Contents

3. Introduction
Tetracycline are broad spectrum antibiotics, which are chemical substances
produced by a microorganism that are able to kill other microorganisms
without being toxic to the person, animal or plant.
Tetracycline are derived directly from a bacterium knows as Streptomyces
coelicolor.
Tetracycline were discovered in 1940.

4. Tetracyclines
(according to the during of action)
Short-acting
(half-life is 6-8 hrs)
Tetracycline
chlortetracycline
Intermediate-acting
(half-life 12 hrs)
Demeclocycline
methacycline
Long-acting
(half-life 16 hrs)
Doxycycline
minocycline
Classification of tetracyclines

5. Structure of tetracycline
Amphoteric compounds, forming salts with acid or base.
Zwitter ions in neutral solution
They are yellow in colour
R1,R2,R3,R4,R5,R6 shows the antibacterial activity.

6. Mechanism of action
• Inhibitors of bacterial protein synthesis

8. Mechanism of Resistance
Cell become resistant to tetracycline 3 mechanisms
• Enzymatic rarest type of resistance, where an acetyl group is added to the
molecule , causing inactivation of drug.
• Efflux resistance gene encodes a membrane protein that actively pumps
tetracycline out of the cell.
• Ribosomal protection which blocking tetracycline from binding to the
ribosome

9. Uses ofTetracycline
• Antibacterial resistance
• Non antibacterial resistance like inflammation
• Tissue destructive disease like antifibrinogenics
• Parkinson and other neurodegeneration disease
• Antiviral and anti cancer
• Upper/lower respiratory tract infections
• Skin and soft tissue infections
• Relapsing fever
• Cholera
• Urinary tract infection
• Anthrax

10. Side effects of tetracycline
• Upset stomach
• Diarrhea
• Itching of rectum or vagina
• Sore mouth
• Redness of the skin
• Change in skin colour
• Nail discoloration
• Difficulty in breathing or swallowing
• Extreme weakness
• Permanent discoloration of teeth

11. Drug interaction
Tetracycline may interact with other medicine. Effects of one or both of drugs
may change or risks of side effect may be greater.
• Calcium supplement
• Mineral supplement
• Multivitamine
• Cholesterol-lowering drugs
• Pencillin compounds
Storage:
Keep at room temperature 68 and 77 degrees F.
Keep away from heat, moisture and light.

12. REFERENCE
Tripathi KD,Essentials of medical pharmacology,Jaypee publishers,New
Delhi
Sharma HL ,Sharma KK,principles of pharmacology,paras medical
publishers,New Delhi.

13. THANKS
FOR
YOUR ATTENTION