1. Govt Engineering College Banswara
Submitted to:-
Department of civil engineering.
Submitted by :-
Tejprakash Kumawat
Earthquake resistant design
A
Presentation on
2. What is Earthquake?
They are natural disasters of a genrally unpredictable
nature.
sudden movement - surface of the earth - may be tiny or
several feet.
A sudden, and rapid shaking of earth caused by the
breaking and shifting of rocks beneath the earth surface.
3.
4. Seismology
When earthquakes occur, waves travel in Earth in form
of vibrations, such waves are called Seismic Waves.
Study of such waves - Seismology.
Instrument measuring seismic waves - Seismometer.
Graphs given by that seismometer - Seismic Graph.
5. Shaking
Ground moves in the same place
Land slides
Ground is moved to some another place
Liquifaction
Strength of the ground is reduced
causing buildings to sink
7. Earthquake resistant designs
Design - it is analysis of forces - buildings due to loads acting on it.
If a building is enough to resist the earthquake, then such building is called
Earthquake resistant structure.
Such design is called Earthquake resistant designs
7
8. Popular Earthquake resistant Techniques
Shear walls
Bracing
Seismic Dampers
Isolation
Bands
Rollers
Light weight material
Others
9. Vetically oriented wide beams
It carries sesmic loads down to the bottom of
foundation
Provides large strength and stiffness to
buildings.
Thickness generally varies from 150 mm to
450 mm in high rise buildings.
Shearwall
10.
11. 11
March 3, 1985 Earthquake (Chile) Shear Wall performed very well
16. Viscous dampers
Reduce the vibrations by fluid action
Friction dampers
Reduce the vibrations by rubbing action b/w
surfaces
Types of dampers
Tuned mass dampers
Reduce the vibrations by harmonic action
17.
18.
19. BASE ISOLATION
Base isolated by a series of bearing pads which are placed between building and
building foundation
Lead rubber bearing is sandwiched between two steel plates
Reduce the building acceleration by ¼
the acceleration of fixed base building
Acceleration decreased because the base
isolation system lengthens the building's
period of vibration.
Rubber is highly elastic so reduce the damage
Converts the kinetic energy as heat
29. ★ The building should have a simple rectangular plan.
★ Long walls should be supported by Reinforced Concrete columns
★ Large buildings having plans with shapes like T, L, U and X should preferably be
separated into rectangular blocks by providing gaps in between.
34. Suggestions
Avoid weak column and strong beam design
Provide thick slab which will help as a rigid diaphragm
Provide cross walls which will stiffen the structures
Provide shear walls in a symmetrical fashion
Increase in the transverse (Shear) reinforcement.
Horizontal lintel band should be provided
Revision/ updation of building code of INDIA
The building must be regular and symmetrical in shape
Reinforcing bars should be provided at the corners and the junctions of the walls