Vocational Training PPT of Chandrapura thermal power station (CTPS), Damodar Valley Corporation (DVC),Bokaro.

1. INDUSTRIAL TRAINING
AT
CHANDRAPURA THERMAL POWER STATION
1
Presented by:-
Pragyawan
1SI11EE034
Electrical and Electronics Engineering
Siddaganga Institute of Technology

2. DAMOADAR VALLEY CORPORATION
2
 ESTAIBLISHED IN 7TH JULY 1948 AS THE FIRST
MULTIPORPOSE RIVER VALLEY PROJECT OF
INDEPENDENT INDIA
 TO ARREST THE FURY BY THE RIVER OF SORROW AND
TO HARNESS THE RESOURCES OF DAMODAR VALLEY
COMMAND AREA IN JHARKHAND AND BENGAL.
 A POWER GENERATING CAPACITY OF OVER 2710MW.

3. MISSION AND VISION
3
 FLOOD CONTROL AND IRRIGATION
 GENERATION,TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION OF
POWER.
 INDUSTRIAL AND DOMESTIC USE
 ECO-CONSERVATION
 ENRICHING THE QUALITY OF LIVES OF PEOPLE

4. DVC POWER STATION AT GLANCE:
1)THERMAL
NAME LOCATION CAPACITY
BOKARO-B Dist-Bokaro
State-Jharkhand
630 MW
(3*210 MW)
CHANDRAPURA Dist-Bokaro
State-Jharkhand
890 MW
(3*130 +2*250 MW)
DURGAPUR Dist-Burdhaman
State-West Bengal
350 MW
(1*140 MW + 1* 210 MW)
MEJIA Dist-Bankura
State-West Bengal
2340 MW
(4*210 MW + 2*250 +
2*500)
4

5. 2)HYDEL:
NAME LOCATION 5
CAPACITY
TILAIYA River-Barakar
Dist-Hazaribagh
State-Jharkhand
4 MW
(2*2 MW)
MAITHON River-Barakar
Dist-Burdhaman
State-West bengal
60 MW
(3*20 MW)
PANCHET River-Damodar
Dist-Dhanbad
State-Jharkhand
80 MW
(2*40 MW)
TOTAL HYDEL 144 MW
TOTAL THERMAL 2710 MW
GRAND TOTAL 2854 MW

6. CHANDRAPURA THERMAL POWER STATION
6
 A UNIT OF DVC, LOCATED AT BOKARO DISTRICT
IN JHARKHAND.
 LARGEST PULVERISED FUEL FIRE POWER
STATION OF ASIA WITH UNIT 1 AS THE FIRST
REHEAT UNIT INSTALLED IN INDIA WITH
HIGHEST STEAM PARAMETERS.
 SWITHCHYARD OF CTPS IS THE INDIA’S
BIGGEST NETWORK.

7. Thermal Power Plant Overview

8. Main and Auxiliary Equipments
8
1. Coal handling plant
2. Pulverizing plant
3. Draft fans
4. Boiler
5. Ash handling plant
6. Turbine
7. Condenser
8. Cooling towers and ponds
9. Feed water heater
10. Economiser
11. Superheater and Reheater
12. Air preheater

9. COAL HANDLING
9
 STEPS IN COAL HANDLING:
a. Coal delivery
b. Unloading
c. Preparation
d. Transfer
e. Storage
f. Implant handling
g. Crushing & pulverizing
h. Weighing & measuring
i. Feeding the coal into furnace

10. PULVERISING PLANT
 In modern thermal power plant , coal is pulverised
i.e. ground to dust like size and carried to the
furnace in a stream of hot air. Pulverising is a
means of exposing a large surface area to the
action of oxygen and consequently helping
combustion.
 Pulverising mills are further classified as:
1. Contact mill
2. Ball mill
3. Impact mill
10

11. Why coal as a fuel
Coal can provide usable energy at a cost of between 12
to 15 % compared to oil and natural gas, and coal
prices are relatively stable.
Coal is inherently higher polluting and carbon
intensive than other energy alternatives. However coal
is so inexpensive that one can spend quite a bit on
pollution control, and still maintain coal’s competitive
position.

12. PROCEDURE
12
Loading coal in wagon machine.
Bringing it on railway track by wagon pusher:
A)boggy fixed in wagon machine
B)bucket is tilted till it lights up the bulb
C)bulb offs means bucket is tilted completely &
coal is filled in bunker hopper
Carrying the coal with the help of conveyor from
bunker hopper.
Crushing the coal through crusher.
Storing the bunker powder.

13. Power generation
13
 Here, the burning of coal starts. Water is taken from river
and demineralised and then send to boiler.
 Super heated steam of 540 degree celsius is formed which
hits turbine with pressure of 137 kg/cm square.
 It rotates turbine to which rotor of generator is coupled when
speed comes to 3000 rpm then building of voltage starts due
to faraday’s law of electromagnetic induction
 When voltage becomes 15.75kv then this is fed to transformer to
step it up to 220kv,which is bus bar voltage.
 Generator is synchronized with bus bar and steam is condensed to
water, reused again to generate power.

14. Boilers
 Pulverized coal is put in
boiler furnace.
 Boiler is an enclosed
vessel in which water is
heated and circulated
until the water is turned
in to steam at the
required pressure.

15. OTHER COMPONENTS IN THE PLANT
15
 Super-heater: Superheater is a component of a steam-generating
unit in which steam, after it has left the boiler
drum, is heated above its saturation temperature.
 Reheater : Reheater is also steam boiler component in which
heat is added to this intermediate-pressure steam, which has
given up some of its energy in expansion through the high-pressure
turbine.
 Condenser : Condensers are heat exchangers which convert
steam from its gaseous to its liquid state, also known as phase
transition.
 Cooling Towers: It is a tower- or building-like device in
which atmospheric air (the heat receiver) circulates in direct
or indirect contact with warmer water (the heat source) and
the water is thereby cooled

16. Steam Turbine
 Extracts thermal energy from pressurized steam
and uses it to do mechanical work on a rotating
output shaft.
 uses multiple stages in the expansion of the steam.

17. Generator
 Converts mechanical energy
into electrical energy.
 Turbine is coupled with the
Turbo-generator that
normally spins at 3000 rpm
in countries with 50 Hz
supply frequency
 The generated voltage is
stepped up in Generator
Transformer and the power
is evacuated through
transmission line feeders.

18. It is a device that transfers electric energy from
one alternating-current circuit to one or more
other circuits, either increasing (stepping up)
or reducing (stepping down) the voltage.
Types of transformer @ CTPS-
 Generator transformer
 Unit auxiliary transformer
 Reserve transformer
18
transformerS

19. transformerS
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1) GENERATOR TRANSFORMERS
Maker: BHEL
Rating: 315MVA
Voltage ratio: 16.5KV/240KV
Cooling: oil forced, air forced
2) UNIT AUXILIARY TRANSFORMERS
Rating: 40MVA
Voltage ratio: 16.5KV/6.6KV
Cooling: oil natural, air natural

20. 20
transformerS
3) DISTRIBUTION TRANSFORMER
Rating: 1250 KVA
Voltage ratio: 6.6 KV/415V
Cooling: air natural
4) STATION SERVICE TRANSFORMER
Rating: 31.5MVA
Voltage ratio: 220KV/6.6KV
Cooling: oil natural, air forced

21. 21

22. SWITCH YARD
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 CIRCUIT BREAKER : Switching and current interrupting
device.
 Isolator : Operated under zero amperes current.
 Earthing device : Discharges the charges on conductor to earth.
 Lighting arrester : Discharges excessive voltage to earth.
 Relay : Closes contact when actuating quantity reach a pre-determined
value.
 CURRENT AND POTENTIAL TRANSFORMER : Transforms current and
voltage to lower value for the purpose of measurement,
protection and control.

23. 23

24. CONDENSER
24
 Steam after rotating steam turbine comes to
condenser. Condenser refers here to the shell and
tube heat exchanger (or surface condenser)
installed at the outlet of every steam turbine in
Thermal power stations of utility companies
generally.
 These condensers are heat exchangers which
convert steam from its gaseous to its liquid state,
also known as phase transition.

25. CONDENSER

26. Types of water required
DEMINERALISED WATER : BOILER
SOFTEN WATER : COOLING AND GENERAL
SERVICE
DRINKING WATER : DOMESTIC PURPOSE
UNTREATED WATER : ASH HANDLING,COAL
HANDLING AND FIRE FIGHTING

27. Water Supply
 Majority of water supply for steam generation is
condensed water. The steam from L.P. turbine is sent
into surface condenser which changes the phase
from steam to water.
 Now, this water is sent to cooling towers which are
evaporative coolers used for cooling water. these
evaporate some part of condensed water to reject
heat. At CTPS cooling towers are of hyperboloid
structure .

28.  Feed water pump: these pumps are high pressure
units that overcome steam pressure to force water
into the boiler drum.
 Economizer :In boilers, these are heat exchangers
that heat fluids usually water, upto its saturation
point, they use the energy from the heat of flue gas
and thus reduce heat in put and costs. It is placed in
the passage of flue gas between outlet and chimney

29. WATER TREATMENT
 This is additional water added in feed water stream .
but before that it Is treated in water treatment plant
 At CTPS, there are 4 treatment units
 1)dirty water from reservoir.
 2) alum is mixed in with water coming from 1.
 3)clean water coming from 2 into 3.
 This treated water is sent into feed stream , where it
mixes with condensed water, to form “final water”.

30. ASH HANDLING PLANT
The percentage of ash in coal varies from 5% in
good quality coal to about 40% in poor quality coal
Power plants generally use poor quality of coal ,
thus amount of ash produced by it is pretty large
A modern 2000MW plant produces about 5000 tons
of ash daily
The stations use some conveyor arrangement to
carry ash to dump sites directly or for carrying and
loading it to trucks and wagons which transport it
to the site of disposal

31. ASH HANDLING PLANT
The main operations are:
 Removal of ash from furnace.
 Transfer of ash to a fill or storage.
 Disposal.
Ash can be disposed of as:
 Dry ash system
 Ash slurry system

32. EXHAUST
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 The dust and ash are taken into ash treatment plant
as mentioned earlier.
 The rest flue gas moves through flue gas stack
which is a type of chimney, a vertical pipe or channel
for the exhaust gas outlet.

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