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ConneXoX
The Art of Facilitating
Retrospectives 

[And Other Team Meetings]
ConneXoX
Pierluigi Pugliese
Agenda
2
Facilitation: 

Attitude
Facilitation: 

Structure
Choosing a 

Retrospective 

Format
Facilitation Techniques?
3
Facilitation: 

Attitude
4
“I’m here for you”
• Park your ego!
• It’s about 

supporting 

the team!
5
Be a Host Leader!
6
Host Leadership
• Hosting a party: what does it mean for
you?
7
Multidirected Partiality
• Support & appreciate everybody+ideas
• Promote agreement & support it
8
From: Ivan Boszormenyi-Nagy
Facilitation Basics: 

Team Dynamic
9
Team Phases
Bruce Tuckman,“Developmental Sequence in Small Groups”, Psychological Bulletin,Volume 63, Number 6, Pages 384-99
5.Adjourning
4. Performing 1. Forming
3. Norming 2. Storming
?
10
Proper start!
“Set the Stage”
Proper end!

“Close”
Facilitation Basics: 

Structure
12
12 Useful ideas
Structure
1. Agenda + Structure 

+ Minutes + Time[boxes]
2. Greetings - Introduction - 

Set the Stage
3. Boundaries
• Identify
• Define
• Defend
4. Promote co-operation/Importance of
the group for the results
13
5. Framing
14
1. What?
2.Why?
3. ForW
hat?/

Context?
Structure - Redundancy
6. Visual,Acoustic, Kinaesthetic
16
7. Redundancy: Up/Downtime
17
Time
Attention
Time
Attention
Speaker
Listener
8. Setting
18
8. Setting
19
9. Use their offers!
20
Structure - Other
10. Open non verbal language
11. Sense the room: where do 

they need to go?
12. Closing properly
21
Choosing a Retrospective
Format
22
Retrospective format: how do you?
23
Three Steps to a Retrospective
24
1 Previous 

History 2 Support 

Needed
3 Suitable 

Activities
Previous History
• Expected benefit? / Specific topic?
• Open conflicts? / Parties?
• Current team dynamic?
• Safe environment?
• Limitations? Time, space, logistics, …
• Previous [failed] attempts?
• Company/group/team style?
• Previous useful/dangerous 

experiences?
25
Support Needed
26
Away from?
Maybe 

one day…
Committed?
Towards!
But where?
OscillatingToday
Obstacles
Fog
• What? What order?Variations?
• Pitfalls?
• Cultural fit?
Suitable Activities
27
M
aybe
you


need
a


taxonom
y…
Taxonomy example: Starfish
• Type of retro?
• Team dynamics?
• Cultural fit?
• Usable in case of conflicts?
• To avoid when?
28
More of
Start doing
Stop 

doing
Keep doing
Less of
Taxonomy example: Starfish
• Type of retro: open exploration
• Team dynamics: performing, no big
conflicts
• Cultural fit:“rational” groups [+]
• Usable in case of conflicts: yes, but…
• To avoid when: team in “fog” or with
heavy differences/conflicts, team in
forming
29
Timeboxing Activities
•Time pressure: +delivery, -creativity
•No timebox: +creativity, open-ended
•Timebox as time awareness: ++, but
interrupts flow
30
Retrospectives: Research
•Please support Marina Haase’s research
project:
Retrospectives:
Exercise in Futility or 

Catalyst for Change?
http://
retrospectives.marinahaase.de/
index.php/survey-on-retrospectives
31
ConneXoX
Questions?
Now or per email ppugliese: [at] connexxo [dot] com
Pierluigi Pugliese
http://blog.connexxo.com
ConneXoX

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Xdde15 the art of facilitating retrospectives [and other team meetings]