This document discusses using a correlation matrix to provide construct-related evidence of validity. It shows high inter-item correlations between items targeting reading efficacy and items targeting math efficacy, demonstrating convergent validity. It also shows low inter-scale correlations between the reading efficacy items and math efficacy items, demonstrating divergent validity by showing the scales measure different constructs as intended.

1. Correlation Matrix –
Construct-Related Evidence of Validity
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1

2. Correlation Matrix –
Construct-Related Evidence of Validity
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3. Correlation Matrix –
Construct-Related Evidence of Validity
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4. Correlation Matrix –
Construct-Related Evidence of Validity
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5. Correlation Matrix –
Construct-Related Evidence of Validity
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These items
target
“Reading
Efficacy or
Confidence”

6. Correlation Matrix –
Construct-Related Evidence of Validity
6
These items
target
“Math
Efficacy or
Confidence”

7. Correlation Matrix –
Construct-Related Evidence of Validity
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8. Correlation Matrix –
Construct-Related Evidence of Validity
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9. Correlation Matrix –
Construct-Related Evidence of Validity
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Here we have High Inter-Item Correlation for these three items targeting
“Reading Efficacy” (.70 or above is considered high)

10. Correlation Matrix –
Construct-Related Evidence of Validity
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Here we have High Inter-item Correlation for these three items targeting
“Math Efficacy”

11. Correlation Matrix –
Construct-Related Evidence of Validity
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This is evidence of “Convergent Validity” for each of these constructs
because the items within each scale are highly correlated

12. Correlation Matrix –
Construct-Related Evidence of Validity
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Low INTER-Scale Correlation between
Scale 1 items and Scale 2 items.

13. Correlation Matrix –
Construct-Related Evidence of Validity
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This is an example of
“Divergent Validity”
because the scales
diverge from one
another.

14. Correlation Matrix –
Construct-Related Evidence of Validity
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Meaning, items
targeting “Reading
Confidence” do not
correlate well with
items targeting
“Math Confidence”

15. Correlation Matrix –
Construct-Related Evidence of Validity
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Meaning, items
targeting “Reading
Confidence” do not
correlate well with
items targeting
“Math Confidence”
This is what you
would expect, since
the items target
different traits or
constructs.