2. Evolution of Economics Theories
• Marginal Utility Analysis – Marshall (1890)
• Indifference Curve Theory – Hick & Allen (1934)
• Revealed Preference Theory – Samuelson (1938)
• Game Theory - Neumann & Morgenstern (1944)
• Friedman – Savage Hypothesis (1948)
• Cournot Duopoly Model – Augustin Cournot (1838)
• Edgeworth Oligopoly Model – Edgeworth (1881)
• Bertrand Duopoly Model – Bertrand (1883)
• Imperfect Competition – Joan Robinson (1933)
• Monopolistic Competition – Chamberlin (1933)
• Theory of Population – T R Malthus (1798)
3. Evolution of Economics Theories
• Stackleberg Duopoly Model – HV Stackleberg (1934)
• Kinked Demand Curve – Paul M Sweezy (1939)
• Full Cost Pricing – Hall & Hitch (1954)
• Sales Revenue Maximisation – Baumol (1959)
• Social Welfare Function – Samuelson (1938)
• Impossibility Theorem – Arrow (1951)
• Second Best Theory – Lipsey & Lancaster (1956)
• Coase Theorem – Coase (1959)
• Assymmetric Information – George Akerlof, Michael
Spence and Joseph E Stiglitz (2001)
• Capital Theory – Karl Marx (1867)
4. Evolution of Economics Theories
• Ricardian Theory of Rent – David Ricardo (1810)
• Modern Theory of Rent – Joan Robinson (1933)
• Qasi Rent Theory – Alfred Marshall (1830)
• Dynamic Theory of Profit – J B Clark (1900)
• Innovation Theory of Profit – J A Schumpeter (1934)
• Risk Theory of Profit – H B Hawley (1893)
• Uncertainty Bearing Theory – Frank H Knight (1921)
• Marginal Productivity Theory – Marshall (1833)
• Wage Fund Theory – J S Mill (1869)
• Residual Claimant Theory - Walker (1875)
• Lorenz Curve - Max Lorenz (1905)
5. Evolution of Economics Theories
• Bargaining Wage Theory – John Davidson (1898)
• Abstinence/ Waiting Interest Theory – Senior (1836)
• Time Preference Theory – Bohm – Bawerk (1884)
• Liquidity Preference Theory – J M Keynes (1936)
• IS-LM Theory – Hicks & Hansen (1937)
• Absolute Income Hypothesis – J M Keynes (1936)
• Relative Income Hypothesis – Duesenberry (1949)
• Permanent Income Hypothesis – Friedman (1957)
• Life Cycle Hypothesis – Modigliani (1963)
• Pigou Effect – Arthur Ceceil Pigou (1943)
• Real Balance Effect – Patinkin (1956)
6. Evolution of Economics Theories
• Accelerator Theory – J M Clark (1917)
• Employment Multiplier Theory – R F Khan (1931)
• Investment Multiplier Theory – J M Keynes (1936)
• Super Multiplier Theory – Hicks (1951)
• Inventory Approach – Baumol (1950)
• Modern Quantity Theory of Money – M Friedman (1956)
• Portfolio Approach – Tobin (1969)
• Cash Transaction Approach – Fisher (1911)
• Innovation Theory of Trade Cycle - J Schumpeter (1927)
• Over Investment Theory – Von Hayek (1930)
• Cobweb – Schultz, Tinbergen & Ricci (1930)
7. Evolution of Economics Theories
• Philips Curve – A W H Philips (1958)
• Mundell – Fleming Model (1960)
• Optimum Currency Area – Robert Mundell (1960)
• Implicit Contract Theory – Baily & Azariades (1979)
• Harrod Model – R F Harrod (1939)
• Big Push Theory – Rosenstein Rodan (1943)
• Domar Model – Domar (1946)
• Unbalanced Growth – Hirschman (1950)
• Vicious Circle of Poverty – Nurkse (1953)
• Unlimited Labour Supply Theory – W A Lewis (1954)
• Inverted U Hypothesis – Kuznet (1955)
8. Evolution of Economics Theories
• Wage Good Model – Brahmamanda & Vakil (1956)
• Solow Growth Model – R M Solow (1956)
• Population Trap – Nelson & Leibenstein (1956)
• Capital Accumulation – Joan Robinson (1956)
• Critical Minimum Effort - Leibenstein (1957)
• Kaldor Development Model – Kaldor (1957)
• Technical Progress – Kaldor (1960)
• Rostow Development Model – Rostow (1960)
• Mirrles Development Model – Mirrles (1962)
• Fei – Rani Development Model – Fei & Rani (1964)
• Two Gap Model – Hollis Chenery (1966)
9. Evolution of Economics Theories
• Learning By Doing – Arrow (1980)
• Zero Base Budgeting – Jimmy Carter (1973)
• Leontief Paradox – Leontief (1950)
• Secular Deterioration – Prebisch & Singer (1950)
• Factor Price Equalization – Samuelson (1948)
• Opportunity Cost – Haberler (1933)
• Purchasing Power Parity – Gustav Cassel (1920)
• Physical Quality Life Index – David Morris (1979)
• Human Development Index – A Sen & M Haq (1995)
• Gender Development Index - UNDP (1995)
• Human Poverty Index – UNDP (1997)
• Multi Dimensional Poverty Index - UNDP (2010)