This document discusses challenges and future research opportunities in applying blockchain technology to supply chain management. It outlines several areas where blockchain could transform supply chains, including increasing transparency, enhancing security, and enabling traceability. However, issues around interoperability, standardization, and integrating blockchain with other technologies still exist. The document proposes topics for future research, such as how blockchain and IoT can impact supply chain performance, reengineering supply chains with blockchain, and ensuring security and privacy in blockchain-based systems.

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Copyright © 2021 Phdassistance. All rights reserved 1
Challenges In Block Chain Technology For
Future Supply Chain - Future Research Scope
For Phd Scholars
Dr. Nancy Agnes, Head, Technical Operations, Phdassistance info@phdassistance.com
Keywords: Blockchain, Supply chain, Logistics,
Integration, Applications, Block chain technology
I. INTRODUCTION
Blockchain is the one of the emerging technologies in
recent world and a lot of revolution and research has
done based distributed technology (1). Blockchain is a
Technology that ensures network security,
transparency, and visibility through a specific
combination of characteristics such as decentralized
structure, supplied notes and storage mechanism,
consensus algorithm, smart contracting, and
asymmetric encryption. In modern days, more and more
research studies exploring the usages of blockchain in
SC (2)
II. BLOCKCHAIN AND ITS IMPLICATIONS ON
SUPPLY CHAIN OPERATIONS
Blockchain is a decentralised digital public ledger that
is distributed across the internet. If the documents have
been added, they can't be changed without affecting the
previous records, making it extremely secure for
business operations. It can be used in a range of fields,
such as creating smart contracts to monitor financial
fraud or securely sharing medical records between
healthcare professionals. Functionality, security,
privacy, and cost are still barriers (3). Along with
transforming SCs across different industries, it also aids
in enhancing the accessibility and security of existing
digital networks, such as the Internet of Things (IoTs)
and other Industry 4.0 projects (4).
Figure: Block chain supported transaction journey

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Every industry has different requirements for privacy
and security protection. Blockchain can be structured in
three ways to meet different needs: public, private, and
hybrid.
III. CHALLENGES
Applications using Blockchain are Increasing at a fast
rate, but interoperability is a problem, leading to
standardization issues. Block chain integration with SC
increases visibility across the entire value chain,
reduces paperwork and human errors, ensures
transparency amongst all parties, enhances security of
data, complements IoTs, helps identify counterfeit
products, and enables efficient traceability and
management (9).
IV. FUTURE RESEARCH SCOPE
The adoption of blockchain technology needs further
Research and exploration in more countries, markets,
and companies in order to better understand the most
critical factors that contribute to its success. (10). Here
mentioned and listed potential study topics in a variety
of major SC areas below:
Blockchain adoption and implementation: It is
necessary to investigate how the combination of
blockchain technology and IoT can affect the SC's
results. Another requirement is to investigate whether a
global standard for connecting different blockchain
platforms should be built (11).
Supply chain reengineering: One of the most
significant advantages of blockchain is that it connects
all SC members to a single, stable network. As
blockchain is introduced in SCs, however, all relevant
data will be exchanged and accessible by all SC
partners. (9). Industry experts, researchers and SC
managers must explore this issue
Supply chain resilience: Natural disasters, strikes,
virus outbreaks (12), and operational threats all cause
disruptions and SC vulnerability, and managing the
extreme impact and effects of such events on SC
networks is often a challenge. 2. Following the COVID-
19 pandemic, companies should reconsider and
redesign their SC risk management and resilience

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strategies, putting a greater emphasis on digital
networks driven by technologies such as blockchain,
IoT, and quantum computing.
Supply chain coordination: Effective blockchain
implementation can be extremely beneficial and have
many research implications for both Industry and
Academia. The use of blockchain in SC can be
investigated for global procurement, collaboration, and
strategic alliances in foreign trades. Smart contracts,
which are based on supplied ledger technology, can be
used to handle ownership transfers, cross-border
exchanges, knowledge sharing, and international
transactions without the use of intermediaries, among
other things (9).
Security enhancement: As blockchain develops and
becomes more widely used, ensuring security,
especially for cryptocurrency, is critical. To achieve its
high efficiency, the blockchain architecture must also
be combined with IoTs and cloud computing. As a
result, the respective blockchain-based system must be
stable in order to ensure a low operational risk (13).
Customer authentication, data confidentiality and
privacy, and integrity safety must be restored with the
highest priority in areas such as healthcare SC, cab
services, last mile in e-commerce, and other service
sectors. All these issues can be investigated in Future
Research.
V. CONCLUSION
This article will Assist Researchers and practitioners in
better understanding and identifying SC areas and
industry sectors where blockchian technology can be
applied. Present developments, challenges, and possible
research opportunities related to the use of blockchain
for supply chain operations are also addressed.
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