John F. Kennedy Gave The Order For The Bay Of Pigs Invasion

John F. Kennedy Gave the Order for the Bay of Pigs Invasion
When John F. Kennedy, President of the United States of America, gave the orders to invade Cuba and overthrow Castro, America was expecting a
victory. The American population expected Cuba to be destroyed. They thought Cuba could not stand up to the United States. What they didn't expect
was that Cuba would put up a fight. The Bay of Pigs invasion was a deciding factor in the Cold War that gave Cuba and the Soviet Union strength, and
decreased morale and confidence in the Americans. The Bay of Pigs invasion took place during the Cold War, which was not an actual war, but it
consisted of tensions between the USSR (United Soviet Socialist Republic) and the United States and both their allies. The Cold War began in the late
1940's and ended in the early 1990's. Harry S. Truman, Dwight D. Eisenhower, John F. Kennedy, Lyndon B. Johnson, and Richard Nixon were several
important United States Presidents during the time of the Cold War. Joseph Stalin, Nikita Khrushchev, and Leonid Brezhnev were several important
Soviet leaders at the time. Ernesto "Che" Guevara and Fidel Castro were also some of the more important leading figures in Cuba.
On the first of January in 1959, Fidel Castro took over the presidency of Cuba, using his "guerilla army" ("Bay of Pigs Invasion") to overthrow
General Fulgencio Batista, an "American–backed president" ("Bay of Pigs Invasion"). A dishonest and tyrannical dictator, Batista was disliked by his
people, yet he was a friend to the United States. He did
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Thirteen Days vs. the real Cuban Missile Crisis
The movie Thirteen Days directed by Roger Donaldson is about the Cuban Missile Crisis of 1962. It is often referred to as a docudrama as it is
very entertainment oriented but still remains close to the roots of what actually happened. Since it was produced at a later date than many other films
portraying the events, Thirteen Days was able to access recently declassified information which helped in attaining a more historically accurate film.
Although there were some discrepancies with what happened in real life compared to the film. The year is 1962 and American surveillance planes
discover that the USSR is in the process of placing nuclear ballistic missiles in Cuba. The missiles have a said capability to reach 80 million Americans
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It was because the appearance of Kenneth O'Donnell is much more appealing to the average American. He is the perfect protagonist, just an
average middle class American trying to do the right thing. That is why he was given this role and it is understandable why this trade off would
be made for entertainment purposes as Thirteen Days is a movie and not a documentary. Another less criticized aspect of the movie veering from
100% historical accuracy is that nothing is said about President Kennedy's interests in ridding Fidel Castro of Cuba but in reality he had been
made aware of secret missions into Cuba prior to the Bay of Pigs. As well as approving the Bay of Pigs invasion. During the Bay of Pigs the US
tried to pass the invasion off as Cuban defectors and US armed forces had no role in the invasion. President Kennedy even said "The armed forces of
this country would not intervene in any way." Even though that is of course a blatant lie and the Kennedy Administration helped set up and fund the
CRC (Cuban Revolutionary Council) to take over after Fidel's government had been removed. None of President Kennedy's knowledge of this is shown
in the film because it would not fit with how Kenneth O'Donnell advises him on the subject matter. Both of the previously mentioned deviations from
historical accuracy are really relatively minor in the grand scheme of things. The producer went to great lengths to maintain historical

The Life of Fidel Castro Essay
Fidel Castro
Throughout history, when you look back, you find many countries that fall under a control that turns things in an opposite direction of where they
were pointed. In Cuba, this was under Prime Minister, Fidel Castro. Born on August 13, 1926 in the wedlock at his father's farm, Castro would live
here until age 8 when he would go live with his teacher. He was not well behaved, and would find himself traveling in out of different schools. He did
not excel academically and found his place in sports instead. Although not extremely disciplined to work, he attended The University of Havana,
studying law. He joined student activist groups, this school though was known for their violent gang like culture. He was strongly against ... Show more
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This lead to a mess and they did not get the results in their favor. Castro was sent to prison with many others and many were executed. He was
sentenced to 15 years in prison, but something was bound to change, this was not the end.
When the presidential elections came up, Batista said Castro was no threat and released him out of prison. In 1955, bombings and violence broke out,
and Fidel and his brother, Raul left Cuba to escape the chance of being arrested. After many battles he faced, he was sworn in as the Prime Minister
of Cuba on February 16, 1959. Castro's government was focused on making Cuba's standards of living better. He focused on education, and opened
many new education systems. His "force" or regime remained popular with the lower class, while the upper and middle class did not like him and
emigrated to Florida. Conservative press showed disapproval towards his government, Castro started arresting people who would show any signs of
retaliation.
While relations with United States and Cuba were dwindling, Castro and Khrushchev, the Russian Leader at the time were growing a tighter bond.
Many event's occurred during Castro's leadership position including the Bay of Pigs Invasion. This was when the United States was trying to rise up
and overthrow Castro. The CIAs made it seem like a great idea to Kennedy, president at the time, and it lead to Cuba losing many men, and also led to
the Cuban Missile

American History: The Year 1962 Essay
Research paper America is the greatest country of all time. It has had many important years and each and every one of those years have been
eventful. But there lies a question... What is the most important year for America in the Twentieth century? The answer to that question would
happen to be the year, 1962. There are many reasons why 1962 is one of the most important years for America in the twentieth century. The first
reason why 1962 is one of the most important is because of the Baker vs. Carr Supreme court case. In the case, Charles Baker (plaintiff) was a
resident of Shelby County, Tennessee. He filed a lawsuit against Joe Carr, a Secretary of State for Tennessee. Baker said that the Tennessee legislature
had not... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The large majority can in many ways be attributed to Justice Brennan who persuaded Potter Stewart that the case was a narrow ruling dealing only
with plaintiff power to challenge the statute. Having declared redistricting issues justiciable, the court laid out a new test for evaluating claims
such as these. A famous standard under American jurisprudence for legislative redistricting was made by the court, "one person, one vote." The
court decided that in states with two legislative chambers, both houses had to be apportioned on this standard. "One person, one vote" was first
applied as a standard for congressional districts. So what did the Baker vs Carr case do to/for America? Well, due to the Baker vs Carr case, and
many other cases, it fundamentally altered the nature of political representation in America. This doesn't only apply to Tennessee, but to nearly every
state to redistrict during the 1960's. Due to the reapportionment, the political powers of urban areas increased and reduced the influence of more rural
areas. The next reason why the year 1962 was one of the most important years of the twentieth century for America was because of a man named
James Meredith. James Meredith was born in Mississippi in 1933. He was raised with nine siblings on a farm. After high school and attending an all
black college, Meredith joined the military. When he got back from the military, he became the first black student at the University

John F. Kennedy
The first Roman Catholic president, John F. Kennedy, fought through many hardships. Becoming the president at the age of 43, he went through many
difficult trials to get that role due to his religion and health. Although he died early, he still managed to go beyond his presidential duties and
accomplished a lot during his short term. John F. Kennedy was born on May 29, 1917 in Brookline, Massachusetts. Ever since he was little, he has had
very poor health. He suffered from a variety of diseases and conditions such as mumps, German measles, chicken pox, infections, and repeated
bronchitis. When he was three, he almost died from scarlet fever. At the age of fourteen, he only weighed one–hundred seventeen pounds and had such
a thin ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
On January 20, 1961, Kennedy pledged as the 35th president of the United States(source 1). To prepare for his address, Kennedy carefully studied
famous American speeches, such as the Gettysburg Address, and copied their style. It's content was almost specifically about matters of the world
outside of the United States. He spoke about the issues that were on many American's minds: peace, national security, and creating a just and free
world. One of the things he said in it was,
Let every nation know, whether it wishes us well or ill, that we shall pay any price, bear in burden, meet any hardship, support any friend, oppose any
foe to assure the survival and success of liberty. (source 3)
He also said, My fellow Americans, ask not what your country can do for you–ask what you can do for your country. My fellow citizens of the world,
ask not what America will do for you, but what together we can do for the freedom of man. (source 2) Kennedy's presidency lasted less than three
years. During this time, he established the Peace Corps, an organization that enabled young Americans to volunteer in developing countries around the
world. He also helped prevent a nuclear catastrophe in the Cuban Missile Crisis. Kennedy surrounded himself with liberal intellectuals and moderate
conservatives adopting strong executive leadership drawing on

A Confederacy of Dunces, by John Kennedy Toole: Analysis...
A Confederacy of Dunces
Characters
1.Every character is connected leaving no loose end.
I.Ignatius
i.A modern Don Quixote. ii. Hates modern society. iii. Prefer the middle Ages, obsess with Boethius.
II. Myrna Minkoff "The minx"
i.Have different perspective from Ignatius. ii. Is fascinated with Ignatius. iii. Ignatius and her do things to impress each other even thought they are
separated.
III.Irene Reilly
i.Long time widow. ii. Thinks Ignatius is a child. iii. Drink a lot of wine and its constantly drunk.
IV.Santa Battaglia
i.Is Mrs. Reilly's new best friend and aunt of Patrolman Mancuso. ii. She wants to get Ignatius out of the way so she can fix up his mother with a
potential new husband Mr. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
i.A good heart man who was arrested because of ignatious. ii. Wants to marry Mrs. Reilly
Techniques
I.Outrageous exaggeration by the main character.
i.Ignatious valve ii. His point of view on everything iii. Mark Twain iv. Modern society
Luciano, Paola
A Confederacy of Dunces:
An Essay
When a true genius appears in the world, you may know him by the sign that the dunces are all in confederacy against him, a quote from Jonathan
swift a man known as an expert of satire. There couldn't be a better way to start this novel about a person who is convinced of his own genius, and

the idiocy of those around him. Yet, at the same time, he is in almost every way the most outrageous candidate for such a suitable name. , this book
itself is a spoof. From the techniques toole used to the portrayal of modern society and one of American's greatest writer Mark Twain. The characters
are what make this novel, they are all connect by some way or other and end up affecting each other most of the time without even knowing it.
John Kennedy Toole greatest accomplishments in this novel were the characters, and how they developed a web like relationship. What I mean by a
web like relationship is that all the characters were connected and by the end there were no loose ends. The main character Ignatius J. Reilly an unusual
personality that readers wont find in any other novel. A Modern Don Quixote, peculiar and creative, sometimes to the point

John F. Kennedy Hero Essay
John Fitzgerald Kennedy: A Deserving Hero "Leadership is the capacity to translate vision into reality" (Bennis). During his life, John F. Kennedy took
his innovative and thoughtful ideas and brought them to life. Born on May 29th, 1917 in Brookline, Massachusetts, the Kennedys were a wealthy
Irish–American family that was very involved with the politics of Massachusetts. Raised with a silver spoon in his mouth, Kennedy was the son of
Joseph P. Kennedy, an American ambassador to Britain during World War II. His mother Rose, on the other hand, was a philanthropist who served as
the family's matriarch. Throughout Kennedy's life, he attended private schools from his elementary school up to his university, constantly displaying his
As the Soviets had advanced much faster than the U.S. in this period of time, Kennedy pushed to excel past their advancements. The space race
represented the promise of the New Frontier, inspiring the coming generations of Americans to pursue dreams that had once seemed unattainable.
Citizens of the United States were revitalized by Kennedy's goal, giving the U.S. a refreshing sense of motivation and unity to land a man on the
moon before the decade was over. Later on in his presidency, the U.S. had also gone through the Cuban Missile Crisis. Many thought an all–out war
was imminent, but Kennedy prevented any sequential conflicts: "...in October 1962, Kennedy imposed a quarantine on all offensive weapons bound
for Cuba. While the world trembled on the brink of nuclear war, the Russians backed down and agreed to take the missiles away. The American
response to the Cuban crisis evidently persuaded Moscow of the futility of nuclear blackmail" (Beschloss). Kennedy reasoned with Russia and Cuba
during times of distress and anxiety, making conservative choices as to not provoke nuclear war. Learning from his mistakes made in the Bay of Pigs
invasion, Kennedy did not wish to engage in war with military powerhouses Cuba and Russia. As a Senator,

The Character Of Ignatius J. Reilly In A Confederacy Of...
In A Confederacy of Dunces, by John Kennedy Tool, Ignatius J. Reilly is trying to prove that he is smarter than society in New Orleans during the
1960's. He is forced to find work to pay off the debt that his mother fell into after crashing her car into a building. Ignatius has no shame in telling
people how he feels about them or their beliefs. His encounters while he is trying to find work bring out his true colors: lazy, complaining, and
paranoid. Throughout the book, Ignatius shows that he has no desire to put the good education that he has received into effect in the real world.
While they are at the Night of Joy, Mrs. Reilly says, "I spent all his poor Grammaw Reilly's insurance money to keep him in college for eight years,
and since then all he's done is lay around the house watching television" (Toole 22). When Mrs. Reilly walks into Ignatius's room and asks him
why he has trash all over the floor, he says, "That is my world view that you see. It still must be incorporated into a whole, so be careful where you
step" (46). All that he means when he says this is he is too lazy to pick it up. While Mrs. Reilly is on the phone with Santa, she says, "With all his
education, mind you. Selling weenies out on the street in the broad daylight" (172).... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
While they are at the Night of Joy, Darlene asks Mrs. Reilly if she a good cook. Ignatius answers, "Mother doesn't cook, she burns" (21). Ignatius is
complaining and publicly embarrassing his mother even though his mother tries her hardest to feed him every night. While Ignatius is writing in his
Journal about his life as a weenie salesman, he pens, "That wagon is a terrible liability. I feel as if I am stuck with a retarded child who deserves
constant attention" (232). Ignatius is now complaining about something as simple as pushing a metal cart. Pushing a cart is something that any able
bodied person can do with

The Youngest US President ever to Take Office
John F. Kennedy was voted into office during the election of 1960. To date, Kennedy is the youngest person to be elected President. Surprisingly, at the
start of the campaign, Kennedy was a long shot to win the Democratic nomination. Without a distinguished presence in the political world and the
stigma of being Roman Catholic, Kennedy had a lot of ground to conquer. In not just politics, but society, religion is and was a controversial issue.
Kennedy, who was Catholic, struggled against critics who were anti–Catholicism. It was often insisted that Kennedy would turn to the pope for orders
and therefore run our country based upon the Church. Kennedy overcame this obstacle by reassuring voters he would not act according to the Church...
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As a nation that is expected to be the leaders of other nations, he would not settle for second. In the case of exploring space, that was exactly where
we were. The Soviet Union was far ahead of the United States in its space program. With Project Apollo, Kennedy was determined to play catch up
and asked congress to invest more that twenty–two billion dollars into the project. The end goal was to have an American man on the moon before the
end of the decade. Neil Armstrong was that man in 1969. Not only was the Soviet Union viewed as a threat with their space program being more
advance, but they also had nuclear missile sites being built. An American spy plane secretly photographed evidence that both Cuba and the Soviet
Union were building nuclear missile sites. President Kennedy remained collected and directed that a naval blockade was placed around Cuba which
would prevent the Soviets from obtaining more military supplies. On the brink of what could have been a nuclear war, there was an agreement made,
the Soviets agreed to dismantle their weapons sites in exchange for a pledge from the United States not to invade Cuba. Tension slowly began to
lessen as time passed and the agreement remained respected. Another one of Kennedy's problems he was confronted during Presidency was racial
discrimination. In 1954 the U.S. Supreme Court had ruled that segregation in public schools would be no longer

In Defense of Politicians: Stephen Medvic
Stephen Medvic, In Defense of Politicians, discusses why Americans feel that politicians are dishonest. In 2007, a Gallup poll about honesty and
ethical standards for occupations, showed that only 12 and 9 percent of people felt that Congressmen and State office holders held high standards,
(Medvic p. 2). In addition, Americans tend to like their representatives more than the members of Congress because they view them as actual people.
Americans view Congress as a group of politicians who are greedy and not representing their interests, (Medvic p. 4). Popular culture also plays a role
in why Americans do not trust politicians. Late–night television shows use politicians in their comedy skits, where their mistakes are punch lines for...
They wanted two parties to be ideologically distinct, but polarity is just the result of the distinctness. Medvic also defends politicians on the public's
charges about how they are liars and cheats. Medvic contends that we do not know how many liars and cheaters there are in politics. However,
politicians are under more scrutiny and would more than likely be caught. In addition, politicians are consistent in what they say and attempt to keep
their promises, as supported by Tracy Sulkin study, (Medvic p. 112). J. Patrick Dobel, in Public Integrity, argues that political prudence provides a
basic ethical resource for public officials. Prudence means to see ahead and the ability to think clearly before one acts. An individual needs to think
about the short and long–term consequences of their actions. Political prudence is attached to excellent achievement in politics, which consists of
outcomes that "gain legitimacy, endure over time, strengthen the political community, unleash minimum unforeseen consequences, require reasonable
use of power resources and do not require great violence or coercion to enforce the outcome," (Dobel p. 199). In addition, a prudent leader needs to
be open to experience and knowledge, (Dobel p. 211). An example of someone who is politically prudent is William D. Ruckelshaus. In 1970, President
Richard Nixon appointed Ruckelshaus the first administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). The reason Nixon appointed him was

A Slothful, Gluttonous, and Patronizing Character in A...
A Confederacy of Dunces – written by John Kennedy Toole– took place during the early 1960s in New Orleans. In A Confederacy of Dunces, Ignatius
J. Reilly, the main character of the book, acquired two jobs after his mother had gotten into an accident. He worked at Levy Pants and as a hot dog
vendor to make money to help his mother pay for the damages caused by her accident. Ignatius is the following: slothful, gluttonous, and patronizing.
Ignatius is a slothful human being. After his mother found out that she owed a lot of money for the damages caused by her accident, she told Ignatius
that he would need to get a job to help her pay. He thought it was inconceivable that his mother wanted him to get a job. Ignatius is too slothful to get a
Nut and bakery cakes (263). Ignatius is a patronizing human being. When Ignatius was standing underneath the clock of the D. H. Holmes
department store, he was looking down upon other people standing near him. He observed the new and expensive outfits of the people, which he
thought could be considered offenses against taste and decency. He believed that anything new or expensive reflected a person's lack of theology and
geometry (1). When Ignatius was gathering all of the factory workers to prepare them for the riot, he patronized them. The factory workers started to
complain about all of his requests. Ignatius responded to their complaining saying that they are not deserving of the cause and that they are not
prepared to make any sacrifices (137). Ignatius's mother wanted to read the letter that Mr. Levy had brought to their house when he wanted to ask
Ignatius if he had written it. Ignatius told Mr. Levy to not let her read the letter because it would confuse her for days (367). Ignatius is indeed a
slothful, gluttonous, and patronizing man. These qualities are seen constantly throughout the entire book. His own mother began to consider putting
him in the psychiatric ward at Charity because she could not deal with him. Santa Battaglia, a friend of Mrs. Reilly, even pushed for Mrs. Reilly to put
Ignatius in the psychiatric ward. Miss Annie, the

The Assassination of John F. Kennedy
The assassination of John F. Kennedy is one of the most controversial and debated topics in American History. JFK was one of the most beloved
presidents of our time. It was November 22, 1963 when JFK was assassinated. Unlike previous presidential assassinations, the JFK assassination is the
most conspiracies of all time. The theories are the Government cover up, Mafia influence and Cuban President Fidel Castro. Imagine one person can do
all this planning which Lee Harvey Oswald. There is no way that one man can do all this. Even though there are crazy theories that are out of this
world, there are a number of logical theories that are true. Despite of the belief that Oswald killed JFK with a smart assassination plan, there are
several conspiracies and Oswald did not act alone.
President JFK was assassinated while riding through the streets of Dealey Plaza in Dallas, Texas. Many people now believe that his murder was a
result of a conspiracy. In all the evidence added up it was proven 96.3% certainty that there were four shots fired from two different shooters. Many
people believe that there was no way that Oswald had the time to fire all four shots, this shows that there is another one who shot it.
The second conspiracy is the involvement of Mafia bosses. People in general believe what they see on the news or on the newspaper. Information
keeps spreading around until someone realized it does not make sense and start knowing the truth. The problem is people don't know

John Kennedy Toole's The Confederacy Of Dunces
In The Confederacy of Dunces, John Kennedy Toole conveys several dysfunctional relationships including Ignatius and his mother. Ignatius lives with
his mother even though he is thirty years old and has a Master's degree. Mrs. Reilly's strange obsessive relationship with Ignatius and her failure to
parent him leaves Ignatius without a sense of reality or any independence. The relationship continues to dwindle through the novel as the dysfunction
culminates in Mrs. Reilly wanting to commit Ignatius to a mental institution. She believes the mental institution will 'protect' him over prison along
with giving her freedom to live her life.
Mrs. Reilly gives her complete attention to Ignatius and treats him like a 12–year old boy who still needs her, even though he is an educated 30–year
old man. Ignatius lacks self–control, which leads to obesity and health problems and yet when he says, "Momma, I sure feel like a jelly doughnut"
(Toole 51), she runs out to buy two–dozen. This seems outrageous for a parent to kowtow to her adult son when "a successful parent supports a child
with authority and positive ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In the beginning, Mrs. Reilly tolerates Ignatius and his lack of self –control, structure and independence. She finds a few friends that encourage her and
she initiates opinions and making decisions for herself. Mrs. Reilly still tries to defend Ignatius' actions, but she later questions the way he lives. Her
only evidence that he is a good boy is that he earned a master's degree. Her lack of teaching him social skills and keeping structure in the home is
shown throughout as Ignatius attempts to obtain and keep a job. He has no independence, or feels the need to become independent. The dynamic of
the relationship changes as Mrs. Reilly decides that he cannot handle the real world and prefers her own

Essay on The Rebirth of Ignatius in The Confederacy of...
The Rebirth of Ignatius in The Confederacy of Dunces
"You learnt everything, Ignatius, except how to be a human being" (375). Chained to a dominant character who is so vast and yet so embryonic that he
is not only protagonist but also, in many ways, his own antagonist, The Confederacy of Dunces, by John Kennedy Toole, has been called "a broad
satirical view of the modern world" (Holditch "Introduction" The Neon Bible xi). Since this short definition fails to explain that the view presented is
primarily that of the slug–like character of Ignatius Jacques Reilly, it also fails to take into account that one's view from the womb is, of necessity,
somewhat limited. Although Ignatius is thirty years old and has a Master's ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Ignatius' father has been dead for twenty–one years, and Ignatius was only nine years old when his father died. That Ignatius began back–pedaling to
the safety of his mother's care at this time is evidenced when he digs through his closet for "the overnight bag that his mother had bought for him for a
disasterous one–day stay at a boy's camp when he was eleven years old" (400). Within a very few years, Ignatius suffers the further trauma of the
loss of his dog, Rex, " . . . probably the only thing that . . . [he] had ever really had in his life" (378). When Ignatius turned to the church in his grief,
the priest refused to "say something over the dog" (371), so Ignatius devised his own funeral service for his beloved pet and rejected a church and its
doctrines which had failed to honor either his grief or the one thing that he had truly loved.
Bereft now of workable religious moorings, Ignatius began to both cling more tightly to, and yet reject, his mother who was so concerned about what
the neighbors would think about his personal burial service for Rex that she, too,failed to understand the needs of her grief–stricken son. Even during
the burial service for Rex, she was "screaming out the front door for him to throw the dog in the garbage can and get in the house" (371). Although
Irene Reilly, Ignatius' mother, is quite

Analysis Of A Confederacy Of Dunces
A standout amongst relationships in modern literature is the strange relationship between Ignatius Reilly and Myrna Minkoff, the two dunces in John
Kennedy Toole's A Confederacy of Dunces. The correspondence between them keeps running all through the novel. In the beginning, Ignatius feels a
specific quality of predominance over her, yet she feels that he has put some distance between reality, and she proposes to start to control his
activities. Ignatius wants to beat Myrna at her own game. She really cares about him, even writing her thoughts on how to better his life. In three
separate endeavors to calm her unwavering feedback and recommendations, he considers her advice, each time completely failing and causing more
trouble for himself. However, toward the end of the novel, in a comedic irony, she spares him from mental and physical imprisonment. Ignatius is a
Catholic medievalist who rejects the cutting edge world and all its decline (or so he says). Myrna, then again, pursues each hipster person occurrence
and pattern. She is fixated on sex–less on the grounds that she really needs to engage in sexual relations constantly, it just seems that in light of the fact
that being fixated on sex is the thing to do in this modern world. Thus, she grasps cutting edge activism–and gets a progression of small crushes on
guys who appear to be activists (who all end up being fakes). Toward the start of the connection between the reader and the relationship amongst
Ignatius and

American History: The Vietnam War
"Nixon Wins By Thin Margin" read the front page of the New York Times on Thursday November 7th, 1968, two days after Election Day. Richard
Nixon won about 4 times the margin he lost to John F. Kennedy in 1960. The craziness that occurred during the election went hand in hand with the
chaos of 1968. In this election, there were three candidates: Richard Nixon of the Republican Party, Hubert Humphrey of the Democratic Party, and
George Wallace of the American Independent Party. The candidates did not know it at the time, but they would become part of the Presidential Election
that would help shape American Politics to what they are today. The election of Richard Nixon in 1968 marked a turning point in the American
political ideology, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Wallace knew he did not have good odds of wining the election. His goal, instead, was to win enough electoral votes to prevent either of the other
candidates from reaching the 270–vote minimum. This would force either a vote in the House of Representatives or a bargaining process for
electoral votes, where Wallace would be able to achieve some of his political objectives ("Nixon Wins" n.pag.). The candidates focused on two main
topics: the Vietnam War and civil unrest. Each candidate agrees that the civil unrest must be stopped, but George Wallace wanted to end it with
segregation while the other two candidates had more practical means. As for the issue of the Vietnam War, LBJ asked all candidates to not speak of
their solutions to the Vietnam War for that it would weaken the United States' power at the negotiating table. Humphrey stayed silent about his
personal ordeal and agrees with LBJ's Vietnam War policies. Nixon said he had a secret plan, which was never revealed during the election, to solve
the Vietnam War. George Wallace wanted total victory in Vietnam, but if not achieved in ninety days, he would withdraw all troops from Vietnam. A
Gallup poll on the 27th of September showed Nixon with 43% of the vote, Humphrey with 28%, and Wallace with 21% (White 412). The Wallace
Campaign, due to General LeMay's comments on the

The Film of Nixon
The Film of Nixon In an adventure though time, one of the great moments to look at is, the Nixon era in American history. He was the president of
the United States of America (U.S.A). He lead the U.S.A in cover ups, war, lies, and so much more. One of the best way to see what he was like is
the movie of Nixon. It accurately covers most of the events in Nixon's life as president. This will explain the movie, eight points from the movie that
are unlawful and/or unconstitutional, how this movie affected me, and what I think of the movie. Now with out further due, Turn off your cell phone,
quite down, the movies about to begin. The movie does not apologize for Nixon, and holds him accountable for the disgrace he brought to the
presidency. In the title role, Anthony Hopkins looks and sounds only generally like the 37th president. This is not an impersonation; Hopkins gives us
a deep, resonant performance that creates a man instead of imitating an image. The movie also talks about the infamous 18 1/2–minute gap on the
White House tapes symbolizes a dark hole inside the president's soul, a secret that Nixon hints at but never reveals. What is implied is that somehow a
secret CIA operation against Cuba, started with Nixon's knowledge during the last years of the Eisenhower administration, turned on itself and
somehow led to the assassination of John F. Kennedy. The movie doesn't suggest that Nixon ordered or desired Kennedy's death, but that he
half–understood the process by

Theme Of A Confederacy Of Dunces
"A Confederacy of Dunces," by Kennedy Toole, is a novel that narrates the struggles and misunderstandings of a thirty–year–old man, Ignatius Reilly,
living in New Orleans with his mother. Not sane but not insane, this book is filled with situations of comic relief that allows the reader to truly grasp
the writing style of Toole. A social criticizing theme, controversial characters and a very unique sense of structure makes ups the novel's 14 chapters.
Ignatius is found in a conflicting situation when his mother and him are in a car accident, which leaves them with a debt of a thousand dollars.
Ignatius, even though he has a high education and is 30 years old, he is unemployed and still living with his mother. But in this moment of need, Ms....
Why did Ignatius act like he didn't care nor love his mother or anyone around him? Why are there so many different roles in this story but seem to
have little or no connection? Who is Ignatius and why should I read a whole novel mainly revolving him? It was disconcerting at first, it was difficult
to maintain interest but as the story progressed you saw deeper into the intricate mind of this strange gentleman named Ignatius. You began to see that
the lack of social skills was rooted from scarring incidents in his childhood. That he wasn't a cold and unappealing man as he first appeared; he felt
true feelings for his ex–girlfriend, he feared being judged as crazy and entering a mental institution, and he actually could be affected by the actions
of his mother. We also learn that Ms. Reilly was not only looking for her well being, but that there were strands of love for her son and wanting to
see him succeed in life, in whatever sense that may be. Another very interesting part to the way of Ignatius in Toole's writing is the dominant voice
throughout the story. This can be rooted from the fact that it is said that the story is a loose version of his own life experiences. Toole's way of
presenting a very disturbing, controversial, and difficult to relate to protagonist, was my main discomfort in the novel. Discomfort doesn't necessarily
mean bad though; reading the

A Confederacy of Dunces Essay
"Oh, Fortuna, blind, heedless goddess, I am strapped to your wheel. Do not crush me beneath your spokes. Raise me on high, divinity" (Toole: 42).
Here, Ignatius Reilly makes one of his many pleas to Fortuna, the goddess which he believes controls his destiny and his life by spinning him in
circles of good and bad luck. The cycles Ignatius Reilly goes through in John Kennedy Toole's A Confederacy of Dunces play an important role in the
story, as they affect not only him, but several others in the book as well. The cycles that Ignatius is put through do, indeed, influence those around him.
These cycles that Ignatius goes through are very much like gears, connected to the cycles of the other characters in the novel. Although it is not ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Lana Lee only paid him twenty dollars a week and threatened to call the police if Jones gave her problems or tried to quit. Things looked bleak for
Jones until Fortuna spun Ignatius downwards and he came upon the Night of Joy, once again, because of the route for Paradise Vendors that he
had to take. Jones was able to spin Ignatius' cycle downwards even further as he convinced Ignatius to come see Darlene's performance. The fiasco
that followed had the Night of Joy shut down and the tyrannical Lana Lee arrested, thus, spinning Jones' cycle upwards. As Jones led the police to
Lana Lee's pornographic material, he gained their favor over their previous contempt. Jones explained, "that Patrolman Mancusa say he appreciate
showin him that cabinet. He say, 'Us mothers on the force need peoples like you, help us out.' He say, Peoples like you be helpin me get ahead.' I
say, 'Whoa! Be sure and tell that to your frien at the precinc, they don star snatchin my ass for vagran.' He say, 'I sure will. Everybody at the precinc
be appreciatin wha you done man.' Now them po–lice mothers appreciate me" (Toole: 362). Jones' cycle took a further spin upwards from Ignatius'
downfall as Mr. Levy decided to give him an award for bravery from the newly established Leon Levy Foundation. Mr. Levy proclaimed, "'Here. This
is brave.' He

John Kennedy Toole: The Full Story
John Kennedy Toole: The Full Story John Kennedy Toole never lived to see his most popular book, "A Confederacy of Dunces", publish. Though he
published "The Neon Bible"," A BГlia de NГ©on" and "Synaspismos elithion", but they weren't as popular. Born on December 17, 1937, Toole grew
up in New Orleans, Louisiana with his mother and father, John Dewey Toole and Thelma Toole. The reason why his novel "A Confederacy of
Dunces" was his only real success was because the novel was rejected many times from publishing and because he died before he got to publish it in
1969. The main reason why Toole was a "one hit wonder" was because his novel was rejected many times before it was published due to its lack of
"meaning" ;He was told that his story

An American War
American involvement in Vietnam was largely in response to Cold War polices and Strategies. Kennedy took a much more laid back approach to
Vietnam than Eisenhower did. He only wanted to support the South and not give them direct military aid by getting involved. Kennedy believed that
the nations themselves should bear the burden of fighting the war and America would merely give them supplies and political support. However, the
administration's attempt to help the South largely failed because neither the South Vietnamese nor the Americans knew how to deal with guerrilla
warfare. Another issue was that Diem's support quickly declining to the point where it was just about his own family. He never trusted any popular
government official in... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The fighting lasted for two days and nights, with both sides reporting heavy casualties. Ultimately in the end the US won and Robert McNamara now
had his strategy to win the war, numbers (We Were Soldiers, film). McNamara's strategy for the War was to have as many inflict as many causality on
the North Vietnamese, which he thought would in the end lead to Ho Chi Minh surrendering because the North Vietnamese would no longer be able to
fight. The body count system was the only way he knew to measure success since the ultimate US goal was to keep communist influence out of South
Vietnam, and there was no clear way to measure that. With the victory of the Ia Drang Valley McNamara and President Johnson decided to increase
the number of troops in Vietnam and by the end of 1965 US troops exceed 200,000 (Fog of War).
The US tactics for the war, such as its manpower policy had a great impact on the American soldiers. One of the manpower policy tactics was to rotate
soldiers out after a twelve month tour of duty, which made it hard to establish unit cohesion. Another issue with the manpower policy established by
the US was that the war was fought by young soldiers, with the average age be twenty. With such a young age many soldiers had limited

DBQ Vietnam War APUSH
Throughout America's history, few things have left the nation in such controversial turmoil as the Vietnam War. With an American death toll of almost
60,000 troops, the Vietnam War has gone down in infamy as one of the most tremendous struggles Americans have faced both overseas and on the
home front. Because of the tumultuous controversies caused by the war, Americans split into two social factions – those against the war and those who
supported it. During the years of 1961–1975 – the era in which the war had its greatest effect on Americans – the population of citizens from 18–35
years old and the Presidency were both affected irreversibly.
The beginning of the Vietnam War can be credited to President Johnson's predecessors– ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In the end however, Nixon's true colors would show in his controversies involving the Watergate scandal and the Pentagon Papers. By this time, the
office of President of the United States would be considered a position of high scrutiny, stress, and power. The war in Vietnam did not affect only
matured political leaders. In fact, one of the largest demographics affected by the war was the population of young adults ages 18–35. These people,
who were commonly referred to as 'college aged', experienced a time of revolution during 1961–1975. Previous to the war, students in universities
could not voice their opinions on political or social issues. The voting age at the time was actually 21, meaning many students in college could not
even vote in elections. Despite their oppression, many students felt that their opinions were valid and wanted to be heard. This birthed the Free Speech
Movement. Programs and organizations such as Chicago's JOIN (Jobs or Income Now), SDS (Students for a Democratic Society), and other
campus–based political organizations fueled the fight for equality of all ages. Much of the Free Speech Movement's success can be credited to Mario
Savio's intense speeches. The generation of students in

How Did John F. Kennedy Act Through the Cuban Missile Crisis
The Cuban missile crisis of 1962 brought the world to the brink of nuclear war. What was at stake in the crisis, and how do you assess President
Kennedy's response to Khrushchev's provocation? Was Kennedy prudent or rash, suitably tough or needlessly belligerent?
By Jeremy Leung 299722
USA & The World 131–236
The Cuban Missile Crisis was perhaps the closest that humankind had ever become to experiencing a thermonuclear war. In October 1962, the world
watched perilously, as U.S. president John F. Kennedy warned his people of the amalgamation of Soviet arms in Cuba. John F. Kennedy refused to
accept "offensive" Soviet artillery in such close proximity to the U.S., but Soviet chairman Nikita Khrushchev had already planned a stealthily ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The reasons why McNamara and Kennedy and other U.S. politicians were so fearful of a nuclear was because according to U.S. analysts at the time,
the 24 MRBM's (Medium range–ballistic missiles) and sixteen IRBM's (intermediate–range ballistic missiles) that were found in Cuba had significantly
increased the number of U.S. targets that the Soviet's could lethally attack by forty percent.[8] Furthermore, having missiles within Cuba allowed the
Soviets to bypass the U.S. warning radars, especially the Ballistics Missile Early Warning system, which was stationed in the North Pole.[9] By
bypassing the U.S. warning radars, it certainly amplified the risk of a surprise strike upon certain American air bases and important command
posts.[10] To address this risk, the U.S. army went from "Defence Condition Five" (peacetime alert) to "Defcon 3" (war alert) which further illustrated
the high levels of precautions the U.S. government were taking in order to protect itself from an offensive attack from the Soviet.[11] It was quite clear
from these precautions that the impending nuclear threat in Cuba threatened the lives of American civilians, troops, and government officials. In the
event that the situation escalated out of control, the two world superpowers could have engaged in a third World War that, with nuclear technology had
the potential to kill hundreds of millions of civilians and soldiers.[12] Fortunately, the Cuban Mission Crisis never escalated this

Disparity Between Dunce and Genius in Toole's A...
Disparity Between Dunce and Genius in Toole's A Confederacy of Dunces
"When a true genius appears in the world, you may know him by this sign, that the dunces are all in confederacy against him." –Jonathan Swift In
Swift's words, there is a potential for the existence of a genius, indicated by the group of dunces acting in opposition. In A Confederacy of Dunces by
John Kennedy Toole,Ignatius J. Reilly plays both parts of the genius and the dunce. As Ignatius plays both parts, the Wheel of Fortuna determines the
path of events in his life; although he is not aware of it, Fortuna's spin is also determined by his actions. Just as the wheel is circular, so are the events
in his life. Ignatius moves through his own bildingsroman, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Ignatius proves that he is genius in the aspect of speech but, on the other hand, his physicalities show him to be a dunce. He speaks to his mother
and , in the middle of a sentence, he often "snorted loudly and cleared his throat"(9). Also, Dorian Greene, the man in the bottle green velvet jacket,
notices Ignatius' "flannel shirt and.the hair curling down the back of his neck"(17). In dealing with Darlene, Ignatius does not leave a positive
impression when he consumes many macaroons and wine cakes, "sending out his flabby pink tongue over his moustache to hunt for crumbs"(18).
The images of Ignatius' hair, tongue, and moustache do not paint pretty pictures and he is seen as the "big crazyman." Following their departure
from the Night of Joy, Ignatius and his mother have difficulties getting to the car and reach their destination after exerting much effort. In the car
accident that is caused by Ignatius' relentless commentary, he fully shows his loss of physical control when he vomits down the side of the car.
Toole's use of Grotesque realism places a decided emphasis on Ignatius' body and its flaws. With the exaggerated physical view of Ignatius, the reader
can more easily place him in the dunce category. The situation at the Night of Joy and the subsequent car accident lead Ignatius to believe that Fortuna
is spinning him downward, but, he does not realize that he creates his own luck by his actions and words. He is the agent of his own undoing.

A Confederacy Of Dunces Is Much More Than A Comedy Beneath
A Confederacy of dunces is much more than a comedy beneath the hilarious and unlikable characters lies a much more subtle message.Walker Percy
writes, in the introduction of the novel "I hesitate to use the word comedy – though comedy it is – because that implies simply a funny book, and this
novel is a great deal more than that ...It is also sad. One never quite knows where the sadness comes from."(Percy, Walker "foreword",A Confederacy
of Dunces, p ix). Truly this book aside from being a brilliant comedy offers a view and psychoanalysis to the world of our main character Ignatius J.
Reilly. From the beginning lines of the novel John Kennedy Tooledoes not try to impress us with the main character. Ignatius is far from the
stereotypical ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The postmodern style of writing John Kennedy Toole, makes so that the various cast of the characters in the story are much closer to people in real
life making this book a perfect case to study and relate to characters of people across the world .
Ignatius is introduced to us as a obnoxious and gruesome character "A green hunting cap squeezed the top of the fleshy balloon of a head. The
green earflaps, full of large ears and uncut hair and the fine bristles that grew in the ears themselves, stuck out on either side like turn signals
indicating two directions at once"(Toole, John Kennedy, 1). John Kennedy is not trying to impress us with Ignatius. He is giving us a fantastic,
complex character with radical ideas. Every sense of his character is an attempt to show us what not to do. He is unlikable and disgusting yet he
judges other people, Ignatius 's appearance is a symbol for what lies beneath,his taste in clothing hints at his care for his own comfort which he seems
to care about more than anything else except for his ego. Ignatius does not change throughout the story. This however, is not due to his incapability to
change, he is simply not willing to change and he blames "Fortuna!" on every turn. His unwillingness to change is best said by himself when he"The
book teaches us to accept that which we cannot change. It describes the plight of a just man in an unjust society. It is the very basis for medieval
thought."(Toole, John

Racial Inequality In A Confederacy Of Dunces By John...
Andrew Gonzalez
Eng. 102 Sec 26025
Prof. MacLeod
November 28, 2017
The Hardships and The Racial Inequality of The World
John Kennedy Toole's play "A Confederacy of Dunces" illustrates some of the present controversial problems of modern society using Southern
Gothic elements as a tool to criticize these issues. Amazingly, the play takes place in New Orleans and was written in a time where many notable
figures like Toole were able to illustrate or advocate the hardships and inequalities during the Jim Crow era. Burma Jones is the perfect paragon of a
man who endures the injustices of modern slavery for being an economically low class black citizen with no education in which elucidates the current
problems of abuse and inequality of ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Toole is obviously attacking the evil people of society who are given great power and responsibility and use this advantage for corruption and slavery.
Racial profiling discrimination is one big reason why modern slavery still exists today. One example is the racial profiling that occurs in the
Toole's play where the police are accusing or assuming Burma Jones stole a bag of nuts since most African Americans are unfairly untrusted and fall
on the stereotypes that they participate in criminal activity. A quote from John H. McWhorter of the City Journal stresses that "In some parts of the
country, black men are so overrepresented in criminal activities that police officers, white and black, would be shirking their duty not to concentrate
on them."(McWhorter). To avoid being arrested from the law as a vagrant he is required to get a job, with no experience or education in the
workforce he eventually has to settle for a miserable position in a bar sweeping for below minimum wage which delineates the image of being trapped
in modern slavery. Another statistic worth noting is from the NORC article from the University of Chicago stating that "half of black Americans report
being treated unfairly by police because of their race, and their views of law enforcement are shaped by this experience."(NORC 1). Today, millions of
Americans have different opinions over how we think the police in our local communities treat racial and ethnic minorities whether it's with

Analysis of the Fog of War: Eleven Lessons by Robert S....
The Fog of War Eleven Lessons by Robert S. McNamara was in so much as a great representation of the life of Robert S. McNamara. It showed his
life to be dramatic and traumatic in many different ways. The lessons he learned and shared during the documentary movie were truly astounding to
me. I personally thought the movie was a tad bit on the boring side, but it was a documentary after all. The Fog of War was a very informative piece
of work.
During Errol Morris 's documentary, The Fog of War, Eleven Lessons by Robert S. McNamara former Secretary of Defense McNamara, one of the
most infamous figures of the Vietnam era, proves to be a greatly compelling figure, someone who can be self–critical and reflective about the decisions
he made to ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
As McNamara himself acknowledges, he would have been viewed much differently historically had the United States lost World War II, leading one
observer to recall Benjamin 's observation that history is written by the undefeated victors.
The Fog of War also offers a astounding critique of what McNamara refers to as "rationality," which might be understood in terms of the relentless
and calculated efficiency that was a part of his celebrated image as a World War II decider and as an executive at Ford (he helped in the development
of seat belts), an observation that challenges some of McNamara 's earlier assertions. Again, this willingness to engage in self–reflection, if not
self–criticism, was compelling, even with McNamara 's refusal to answer some of these points, and perhaps because of the refusal, the things he
couldn 't, or wouldn 't say.
The film implies several moments that may tempt people to make and or draw comparisons between Vietnam and Iraq. Several of McNamara 's
lessons readily acknowledge this perception, including his first lesson, "Empathize with your enemy." McNamara comments only about his role in the
Vietnam War, never mentioning Iraq or the current war, but it 's most relatively clear from the unsaid language that he

Biography of Andy Whorl
Andy Whorl Andy Whorl was a popular American print artist in the 1960. He helped create the style of art known as Pop Art. Pop Art showed
what was popular in American culture; products, celebrities, etc. Andy Whorl's career started out as a commercial artist. Some of his fellow
artists admired him and his work, while other did not consider him a true artist. He displayed some of his work in museums and became famous. A
friend of Andy told him to make art based on everyday things, so Andy made his famous picture of the multiple Campbell's soup cans. Whorl used
mass production to make some of his artwork like the "Ten Lizes" featuring Elizabeth Taylor. His mass production method involved silk screening.
Before he could make the silk screen products, he had to have the images enlarged several times. The method of silk screening and mass
production allowed Andy Whorl to have a team create his work instead of himself slaving away on his work. His team worked out of his studio in
New York City. His studio, which he called "The Factory", had three locations throughout New York City. Andy Whorl used consumerism in his art.
He made prints of pictures of famous people like Marilyn Monroe and Elizabeth Taylor. Some of his artwork has sublime tones of death. For instance
his obsession with Elizabeth Taylor started when her husband died. He also started his artwork of Marilyn Monroe after her death. His inspiration for
his Jackie Kennedy series was the assassination of her husband,

Turning point of the Cold War and JKF Assassination
Turning point of the Cold War and JKF Assassination The assassination of President Kennedy was the turning point in history as many felt he and his
family was American royalty, he had the ability to reach Americans through his speeches, as it helped Americans through some stressful times in cold
war history, he was a catalyst in allowing Americans to be part of history from the first walk on the moon and the equality of all human rights in the
United States. One of his most famous sayings and what rallied so many Americans behind President Kennedy: "And so my fellow Americans... ask
not what your country can do for you... ask what you can do for your country. My fellow citizens of the world... ask not what America... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
It was only a matter of time before mighty US imperialism was humiliatingly forced to withdraw. The Tet Offensive took Americans by surprise, the
major objectives had been to drive a wedge between the Americans and the South Vietnamese. The attack on the US embassy was an attempt to show
the vulnerability of the American armed forces. The Vietcong had hoped that the Tet Offensive action and the liberation of towns and cities would
lead to an uprising against the US their belief was the South Vietnamese soldiers were tired and weary soldiers, dislocated peasantry, fractious youth
and widely discontented layers of South Vietnamese society were ready to join the struggle. But unfortunately this was not the case and the Vietcong
had sporadic recruitment from this campaign. The Tet Offensive also aided in changing the view and minds of the American people as this was the
same time, live televised coverage of the war was a harsh reality to so many Americans which had changed their views on the Vietnam War. President
Johnson became increasingly unpopular to the point he had chosen not to seek re–election during the following Presidential campaign. The Tet
Offensive was the true turning point for US involvement in the Vietnam War, it was the catalyst for Nixon's campaign to bring troops back home and
pulling out of the war. Bibliography Forrest, S. (n.d.). Tet offensive: a

Is The Movie Thirteen Days History or Entertainment
The movie Thirteen Days is 2000 docudrama and is directed by Roger Donaldson who is Australian and tries to portray the film in a serious manor.
The movie is based on the 13 days of the Cuban Missile Crisis, and shows the perspective of the US political leadership, specifically Special Assistant
to the president Kenny O'Donnell, President John F. Kennedy and the Attorney General Robert F. Kennedy. This film is not based on the book of the
same name written by Robert F. Kennedy like the first docudrama film about the Cuban Missile Crisis, The Missiles of October; this film was
meticulously researched and was based on The Kennedy Tapes: inside the white house during the Cuban Missile Crisis which was written by Ernest
May and Phillip ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Benjamin Svetkey asked Kevin Costner about John F. Kennedy's first words were when he heard about the missiles in Cuba apparently he said were
"F–––ed again" and Costner explained that not everything could be one hundred percentage historically accurate due to age ratings of the film. This
makes less historical and more entertainment, this shows that the film is being made for entertainment purposes because they are changing the film to
increase the audience size.
Thirteen Days has more historical inaccuracies when it comes to the Kennedys. This is because the film makes the Kennedys look iconic with the
black and white scenes and through portraying them as the good guys through the whole film and having the military advisors seem like the bad
guys. This film shows Robert F. Kennedy taking a more front seat role then he actually did. Thirteen Days may portray the Kennedys like this, but
throughout the whole of John F. Kennedy's presidency he always needed extensive medical treatment and this was the same through the Cuban
Missile Crisis as well, 'The Travell records show that during the 13 days in October of 1962.... Kennedy took his usual doses of anti–Spasmodics to
control his colitis, antibiotics for a flare–up of his urinary–tract problem and a bout of sinusitis.' The film does not highlight Kennedy need for this
medication to be able to function and deal with the crisis.
Kevin Costner plays

Eugene McCarthyВґs Speech Against the Vietnam War
What were Eugene McCarthy's motives for going against the Vietnam War? From the early 1960s up until the year 1973, America was going through
the Anti–War Movement. The movement had many leaders, supporters, and followers, including Martin Luther King Jr., Eugene McCarthy, and Robert
F. Kennedy. The Anti–War Movement took place in order to demand the government put an end to U.S. involvement in Southeast Asia and to stop the
escalation of the Vietnam War. On December 2 of 1967, Eugene McCarthy gave his "Denouncing the Vietnam War" speech in the state of Chicago, in
front of the Democratic Party. He speaks out against the war in order to point out what an immoral and pointless battle that the United States were
fighting. In Eugene ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The speech was meant to inspire the intended audience in order to for them to give their support to the antiwar movement by pointing out that the
government's efforts to handle the war was ineffective and unreliable. In Hall's "The Vietnam Era Movement" from the Magazine of History, it is
stated that the public opinion polls indicated an increase in the lack of confidence that the people had on the president's handling of the war. Even
before McCarthy gave this speech, the audience had already given lots of strong support for the Antiwar Movement. The government had promised
over and over that the United States was winning and handling the war; as well as ending the war as soon as possible in order to bring the troops
back home. "Antiwar activists were unimpressed with Nixon's efforts, and after a brief interval escalated their protests. The idea of a Moratorium, a
suspension of normal activities, appealed to the moderates by building local actions around a one–day protest, with actions expanding one additional
day each month until the war ended" (Hall). After McCarthy clearly pointed out how unreliable the government's efforts were, the audience and
supporters of the Antiwar Movement began escalating their protests and demonstrations in order to put much more pressure. "What is the spirit of
1967? What is the mood of America and of the world toward America today? It is a joyless spirit– a mood

The Modern Grotesque Hero in John Kennedy Toole's, A...
The Modern Grotesque Hero in John Kennedy Toole's, A Confederacy of Dunces
John Kennedy Toole unleashes a compelling criticism of modern society in the principal work he produced in his short lifetime, A Confederacy of
Dunces. Using masterfully crafted comedy, Toole actually strengthens his disparaging position on the modern world. Boisterously and unabashedly
opinionated, Ignatius Reilly, the principal character of this novel, colors the narrative with a poignant humor that simultaneously evokes both laughter
and pity from readers. Near the beginning of the story, his mother's financial difficulties suddenly force Ignatius to leave the womb–like security of his
bedroom and seek employment, making him abandon his project of writing a ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
A definition of grotesque becomes necessary to fully understand the role that it plays in heightening the novel's satire. In A Handbook to Literature,
William Harmon and C. Hugh Holman describe grotesque as being "applied to anything having the qualities of grotesque art: bizarre, incongruous, ugly,
unnatural, fantastic, abnormal...The interest in the grotesque is usually considered an outgrowth of interest in the irrational, distrust of any cosmic
order, and frustration at humankind's lot in the universe" (240–41). Thus, the grotesque, because of its association with the helpless cynicism of man in
his world, is an ideal technique to employ when embarking upon criticism of contemporary society.
However, to most successfully use the grotesque, especially in a humorous work such as Toole's, the author must present a norm from which to deviate,
creating a more potent conflict between opposites. Michael Kline elaborates on this in his analysis of A Confederacy of Dunces: "...the grotesque
cannot be absolute in order to produce humor. While it can be strange, it must also contrast with some attempted unity to which we compare its
divergence" (284). Toole understands this rule of effective conflict, and he presents two disparate levels of grotesque in his A Confederacy of Dunces.
A reader detects the incongruity that exists within Ignatius himself, while also identifying the more observable conflict between Ignatius and modern
society.

The Inaugural Address of John Kennedy
John Kennedy was one of the most skillful orators among all the presidents of United States of America. His speeches were always persuasive,
motivating and inspiring. One of his best speeches is "Inaugural Address", which he addressed to Vice President Johnson, Mr. Speaker, Mr. Chief
Justice, President Eisenhower, Vice president Nixon, President Truman, Reverend Clergy, and, of course, his fellow citizens. His speech was divided
into four major parts, and all the parts were highly inspiring, especially for the ordinary citizens of America. At the beginning of the speech he talks
about the founders of USA, and the great respect to them. After that Kennedy tells about the progress of the nation in comparison to the past, after that
he ends with couple of pledges. In the third part he tells about the main strategy, the United States should follow, while taking all the possible options
into account. Kennedy ends the whole speech expressing his confidence in the people of America.
In his "Inaugural Address" president talks about the things, which are quite understandable for the people of U.S. Thus, his target audiences are his
"fellow citizens". In this speech Kennedy's main purpose is probably to inform the ordinary citizens of U. S. that they should trust him. He talks about
the values, which are highly rated by all the Americans. In such a way he shows that he also cares about the same values, thus, persuades people to be
open to his words. Psychologically it is highly

10 Most Remarkable Posthumously Published Books
10 Most Remarkable Posthumously Published Books How to deal with an author's unpublished work after death is a much debated issue. Many
famous authors have had their works published after their death, some with their blessings and others against their explicitly stated wishes. Nabokov
didn't want The Original of Laura to be released. He had instructed his son Dmitri in his will to destroy the manuscript but Dmitiri wasn't inclined to
obey, inciting a debate over which is more important – an author's last wishes or literary posterity. For better or worse, here are ten such remarkable
works that have been published after the author has passed on. 10. Suite Francaise by Irene Nemirovsky Died: 1942 Published: 2004 Suite FranГ§aise
is one of the great first–hand novelistic chronicles of life in Nazi occupied France. In July 1942, having just completed the first two of a planned
sequence of five novels, NГ©mirovsky was apprehended as "a stateless person of Jewish descent" and deported to Auschwitz, where she died. Her
two small daughters escaped, along with the manuscript of Suite FranГ§aise in a small suitcase. Ironically, her elder daughter, Denise, kept the
manuscript for fifty years without reading it, thinking it was a journal, possibly too agonizing to read. In the 1990s, she made arrangements to donate
her mother's papers to a French war archive, and decided to check out what her mother had written. She discovered, instead of a diary, two novellas
written in a

Good Things that Came out fo the Great Depression
From 1929 to the early 1940s, America was hit hard by the Great Depression. The economy plummeted to rock bottom. It affected millions of lives
throughout the country, even the rich. It caused families to use shabby clothes again and again, instead of buying new apparel and wasting money.
People cut back on spending and where they spent it. Then, WWII affected the economy by putting it back on track. Along with it, was the Manhattan
Project, which greatly affected the U.S. The Manhattan Project (America's nuclear bomb,) was used in Hiroshima, Japan, during WWII. The US was
greatly feared by Japan and other countries then. The Manhattan Project also created the Hydrogen bomb, which was never used but alarmed the
American and Soviet Union public. These were not the only events that greatly affected America. Throughout the years 1945 to 1980, many events
affected US society, such asJohn F. Kennedy's Inauguration Address in 1961, Elvis Presley, and color television. John F. Kennedy was born on the
29th of May, in the year 1917. He was also known as "Jack". As a young child, he often got sick. He did not pressure himself to do school related
work, unless it appealed to him. Even in college, he only did work unless it appealed to him. Finally, in his last year in college, he got himself together
and started taking school seriously. After graduating from college, he went into the army. His brother, Joseph Kennedy went into the navy. While he
was in the army, unfortunately,

Assess the View That Lyndon Johnson (Lbj) Had No Choice...
Assess the view that Lyndon Johnson (LBJ) had no choice but to send US troops to Vietnam in 1965. Word Count: 304 Word Count: 304 Hess
argues that the threat of the USSR and Communism "left the US no choice but to stand up to the challenge posed by Vietnam". Direct confrontation
was impossible as the USSR was a nuclear power, therefore the only choice available was "a policy of containment"; previous success in Korea gives
validity to this view. Hess states Vietnam was the centre of the "Domino Theory", that a communist Vietnam "would inexorably lead to the collapse of
other non–communist states". All communist states were believed to be puppets of the USSR so an increase in Soviet allies would tip the global
power balance against the US.... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
However this argument is questionable as LBJ did win a popular mandate in the 1964 election moreover Schulzinger shows LBJ had "an approval
rating of 69 per cent". Furthermore, Hall and Sanders are contradicted by Schulzinger who explains that LBJ intended to "keep the build–up quiet" to
"avoid ... talks about controls over the economy" Continuation was an opportunity to deflect opposition by shifting responsibility for escalation onto
Kennedy. Schlulzinger states supporting evidence that LBJ was undertaking an "ambitious program of domestic reform legislation" for example the
Civil rights Act the Social Security Act required LBJ full commitment as they created mass opposition from the Republicans, therefore "the only course
tolerable to Johnson was a continuation of a gradual build–up of US force". JKF's intervention policy in Vietnam had already secured political support;
a change in policy would risk opposition therefore to avoid using up his political capital in Vietnam LBJ kept to JFK's policy in order to focus on
achieving domestic Word Count:

John Kennedy Toole's A Confederacy Of Dunces
John Kennedy Toole's novel A Confederacy of Dunces, set in New Orleans in the 1960s, features a unique main character named Ignatius J. Reilly.
Ignatius, whose father passed away when he was still young, struggles to find and maintain employment to support both himself and his mother, Mrs.
Reilly. He spends his days attending movies and searching for work, which he finds at Levy Pants and again at Paradise Vendors. During Ignatius's
journey, he exhibits many negative qualities and refuses to change them. Two of these qualities particularly stand out with respect to his character:
gluttony and feebleness. Ignatius's primary vice is gluttony. All of Toole's characters serve as satirical interpretations of different stereotypes
affiliated with certain types of people. Ignatius, an obese white man, is portrayed as a slob who depends on his mother, acts entitled, and eats
everything in sight. For example, when Mrs. Reilly goes out and buys him twelve doughnuts, all he leaves are "...two withered pieces of doughnut out
of which ... the jelly had been sucked" (Toole 39). This... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The main character Ignatius J. Reilly is the personification of several prejudices about overweight white men. Two of these are gluttony and feebleness,
which Ignatius recognizes but refuses to change throughout the course of his adventures. Ignatius would become a more relatable human and more
attractive to the other characters if he considered his thoughts and actions more carefully. If he were to think about how claiming that someone injured
him might make that person feel, he could use compassion to decide not to make such a comment. Additionally, if he were to consider the choices he
makes with respect to his health, he would be inclined to abstain from gluttony. While Ignatius may not serve as a role model, one can certainly learn
from his

John F. Kennedy: Life and Times
John Fitzgerald Kennedy was born in Brookline, Massachusetts on May 29, 1917. John's mother's name was Rose Elizabeth Fitzgerald Kennedy
and his father, Joseph Patrick Kennedy. Rose and Joseph had 9 children in total. John had a very competitive childhood with his older brother
Joseph Patrick Junior. Jack (JFK) was sick very often in his childhood, but nether less he was very active in sports and very social. Jack's brother
Joe Jr. was his parents' favorite son. Joseph Patrick Kennedy was the youngest bank president at the young age of 25 and he soon became a
multimillionaire. Rose Elizabeth Fitzgerald, her father was the mayor of Boston and he was also a popular politician. The Kennedy's were raised with
love and care, but their... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Jack was now trying to gain political experience, so he planned to run for a seat in the House of Representatives for Massachusetts. Jack won the
election on November 5, 1946 and he had 73% of the votes. He spent a lot of time learning how the federal system is and how it works. He was
reelected twice for the House of Representatives. "Jack was very close to his sister Kathleen, known affectionately as "Kick." Kathleen died on
May 15, 1948, in a plane crash in France. The many deaths in his family began to affect Jack, who wondered if he, too, would die young." John
Fitzgerald Kennedy married Jacqueline Bouvier, also known as Jackie, on September 12, 1953. Jack started thinking about running for presidency
when he under the weather. He tried to win the nomination for vice president against Estes Kefauver, Jack lost. His wife had her first child who was
born prematurely and did not survive. They, Jack and Jackie had their second child on November 27, 1957. Jack announced that he was running for
the presidency two years after their second child was born. Jack's opponent was Richard Nixon, who was the vice president to Eisenhower. Despite
what was against him, like his heath, his father's uncertain reputation as a businessman and a politician, and him being Catholic, Jack did well in the
primaries. Jack was the Democratic Party's candidate, with Lyndon Baines Johnson as the vice

Negotiation Notes On Negotiation Strategies
Final Term Paper
Seminar 6
Courtney Williams
PPM 321
Negotiation Strategies
Prof. Kurt Brandquist
August 6, 2014
Table of Contents
Introduction3
Negotiation4
Types of Negotiations6
Historic Negotiators10
President Kennedy & the Cuban Missile Crisis11
BANTA15
Conclusion17
References19
Introduction
Negotiating is something that has been around since the beginning of mankind. We all start off negotiating as little kids, even for little things such
as candy and toys. When we grow up, negotiating becomes sort of the norm. We negotiate consciously and subconsciously every single day. When
you think about it, negotiation takes up most of our lives. We are always trying to see what we can get as a benefit without giving up much. It
always comes down to the pie, how big is the pie and who can get the biggest slice. As we become adults with careers, there are ever some that
become flat our 'Negotiators'. This means that all they do for a living is negotiate. They are master negotiators and are praised for being so. When it
comes to negotiation, persuasion is also within that talent. You have to be able to get what you want from people without them feeling like they are
being taken advantage of and that they are also getting just as big a piece of the pie as you are getting, although in reality they are not. Negotiation
Negotiation is all about a strategy. The end result is usually to end a problem that someone is having, whether it is personally or

John F. Kennedy Gave The Order For The Bay Of Pigs Invasion

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