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1. 14 TIEMPOS Y ESTRUCTURAS
VERBALES PARA UNA
COMUNICACIÓN PROFESIONAL
ENGLISH WITH OSCAR
PRESENTA:

2. FORMA AFIRMATIVO NEGACIÓN PREGUNTA
Be ( is / am / are)
---
Infinitivo
Infinitivo + s, es, ies
I am …
You are …
She is …
---
I work …
She works …
I go …
She goes …
I study …
She studies …
I am not …
You aren’t …
She isn’t …
---
I don’t work …
She doesn’t work …
I don’t go …
She doesn’t go …
I don’t study …
She doesn’t study …
Am I … ?
Are you … ?
Is she … ?
---
Do I work … ?
Does she work … ?
Do I go… ?
Does she go … ?
Do I study … ?
Does she study… ?
PALABRA CLAVE
Every day
Sometimes
Always
Often
Usually
Seldom
Never
First … then
USO
• Ideas que ocurren repetidamente
• Hechos reales o de tendencia permanente
• Cuando una accion sigue a la otra
• Verbos de estado como love, hate, like, think
• Signicado en futuro: horarios
SIMPLE PRESENT
Presente Simple

3. FORMA AFIRMATIVO NEGACIÓN PREGUNTA
is/are/is + verb_ing
I am working …
You are working …
She is working …
I am going …
You are going …
She is going …
I am studying …
You are studying …
She is studying …
I am not working …
You aren’t working …
She isn’t working …
I am not going …
You aren’t going …
She isn’t going …
I am not studying …
You aren’t studying …
She isn’t studying …
Am I working … ?
Are you working … ?
Is she working … ?
Am I going… ?
Are you going … ?
Is she going … ?
Am I studying… ?
Are you studying … ?
Is she studying … ?
PALABRA CLAVE
Now
Right now
Look!
Listen!
At the moment
Tomorrow
This week
This month
This year
USO
• Algo que está pasando en el preciso momento
en el que se está hablando.
• Acciones que estan pasando temporalmente
pero no en el preciso momento.
• Futuro cercano: Parte del plan ya está en
progreso.
PRESENT PROGRESSIVE
Presente Progresivo

4. FORMA AFIRMATIVO NEGACIÓN PREGUNTA
Be ( was / were)
(el verbo Be es un
verbo irregular)
---
Verbos regulares:
Infinitivo + d, ed, ied
Verbos irregulares:
No hay regla específica
I was …
You were …
She was …
---
I worked …
She worked …
I went …
She went …
I studied …
She studied …
I was not …
You weren’t …
She wasn’t …
---
I didn’t work …
She didn’t work …
I didn’t go …
She didn’t go …
I didn’t study …
She didn’t study …
Was I … ?
Were you … ?
Was she … ?
---
Did I work … ?
Did she work … ?
Did I go… ?
Did she go … ?
Did I study … ?
Did she study… ?
PALABRA CLAVE
Yesterday
Day before yesterday
two days ago
a week ago
a month ago
5 years ago
Last month
Last week
Last year
in 1992
in the 90s
USO
• Ideas que ocurrieron en el pasado y que por lo
general se conectan con un expression de
tiempo en el pasado
• Acciones que no tienen conexión con el
presente
• Presente imaginario: condicional tipo 2
SIMPLE PAST
Pasado Simple

5. FORMA AFIRMATIVO NEGACIÓN PREGUNTA
was/were + verb_ing
I was working …
You were working …
She was working …
I was going …
You were going …
She was going …
I was studying …
You were studying …
She was studying …
I was not working …
You weren’t working …
She wasn’t working …
I was not going …
You weren’t going …
She wasn’t going …
I was not studying …
You weren’t studying …
She wasn’t studying …
Was I working … ?
Were you working … ?
Was she working … ?
Was I going… ?
Were you going … ?
Was she going … ?
was I studying… ?
Were you studying … ?
Was she studying … ?
PALABRA CLAVE
While
When
USO
• Acciones que estaban en el proceso de
desarrollo y que fueron interrumpidas por
otras acciones (Simple Past)
PAST PROGRESSIVE
Pasado Progresivo

6. FORMA AFIRMATIVO NEGACIÓN PREGUNTA
have / has
+ pasado participio*
* Verbos regulares
(infinitivo + d, ed, ied)
o verbos irregulares
en su forma
de pasado participio
I have worked …
She has worked …
I have gone …
She has gone …
I have studied …
She has studied …
I haven’t worked …
She hasn’t worked …
I haven’t gone …
She hasn’t gone …
I haven’t studied …
She hasn’t studied …
Have I worked … ?
Has she worked … ?
Have I gone … ?
Has she gone … ?
Have I studied … ?
Has she studied … ?
PALABRA CLAVE
Just
Yet
Never / Ever
Already
So far
Up to now
Since
For
Recently
This week
This month
USO
• Acciones que recientemente ocurrieron en el
paso pero aún mantienen conexión con el
presente.
• Acciones que comenzaron en el pasado y aún
mantienen conexión con el presente.
PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE
Presente Perfecto Simple

7. FORMA AFIRMATIVO NEGACIÓN PREGUNTA
have / has
+ been + verb_ing
I have been working …
She has been working …
I have been going …
She has been going …
I have been studying …
She has been studying …
I haven’t been working …
She hasn’t been working …
I haven’t been going …
She hasn’t been going …
I haven’t been studying …
She hasn’t been studying …
Have I been working … ?
Has she been working … ?
Have I been going … ?
Has she been going … ?
Have I been studying … ?
Has she been studying … ?
PALABRA CLAVE
All day
The whole day
This morning
All day long
How long
Since
For
USO
• Acciones que comenzaron en el pasado pero
que han parado de repente.
• Para decir por cuanto tiempo la acción ha
estado ocurriendo.
• Énfasis: duración del tiempo de una acción.
PRESENT PERFECT PROGRESSIVE
Presente Perfecto Progresivo

8. FORMA AFIRMATIVO NEGACIÓN PREGUNTA
had
+ pasado participio*
* Verbos regulares
(infinitivo + d, ed, ied)
o verbos irregulares
en su forma
de pasado participio
I had worked …
She had worked …
I had gone …
She had gone …
I had studied …
She had studied …
I hadn’t worked …
She hadn’t worked …
I hadn’t gone …
She hadn’t gone …
I hadn’t studied …
She hadn’t studied …
Had I worked … ?
Had she worked … ?
Had I gone … ?
Had she gone … ?
Had I studied … ?
Had she studied … ?
PALABRA CLAVE
Already
Just
Never
When
USO
• Cuando dos acciones en una historia están
relacionadas entre si pero una pasa antes que
la otra: la acción que pasa antes se coloca en
Past Perfect Simple mientras que la otra acción
se coloca en Past Simple.
• El pasado del Present Perfect Simple
PAST PERFECT SIMPLE
Pasado Perfecto Simple

9. FORMA AFIRMATIVO NEGACIÓN PREGUNTA
had
+ been + verb_ing
I had been working …
She had been working …
I had been going …
She had been going …
I had been studying …
She had been studying …
I hadn’t been working …
She hadn’t been working …
I hadn’t been going …
She hadn’t been going …
I hadn’t been studying …
She hadn’t been studying …
Had I been working … ?
Had she been working … ?
Had I been going … ?
Had she been going … ?
Had I been studying … ?
Had she been studying … ?
PALABRA CLAVE
How long
Since
For
USO
• Cuanto tiempo una acción estuvo ocurriendo
antes de que otra acción sucediera.
• El pasado de Present Perfect Progressive
PAST PERFECT PROGRESSIVE
Pasado Perfecto Progresivo

10. FORMA AFIRMATIVO NEGACIÓN PREGUNTA
is/are/is + going to +
infinitive
I am going to work …
You are going to work …
She is going to work …
I am going to go …
You are going to go …
She is going to go…
I am going to study …
You are going to study …
She is going to study …
I am not going to work …
You aren’t going to work …
She isn’t going to work …
I am not going to go …
You aren’t going to go …
She isn’t going to go …
I am not going to study …
You aren’t going to study …
She isn’t going to study …
Am I going to work … ?
Are you going to work… ?
Is she going to work … ?
Am I going to go… ?
Are you going to go … ?
Is she going to go … ?
Am I going to study… ?
Are you going to study … ?
Is she going to study … ?
PALABRA CLAVE
Tomorrow
This week
This month
This year
USO
• Cuando ya se ha decido que se va a hacer algo
en el futuro
• Cuando el resultado de las acciones va a
depender de nosotros y no de las
circunstancias.
FUTURE FORM: GOING TO
Futuro con Going to

11. FORMA AFIRMATIVO NEGACIÓN PREGUNTA
was/were + going to
+ infinitive
I was going to work …
You were going to work …
She was going to work …
I was going to go …
You were going to go …
She was going to go…
I was going to study …
You were going to study …
She was going to study …
I wasn’t going to work …
You weren’t going to work …
She wasn’t going to work …
I wasn’t going to go …
You weren’t going to go …
She wasn’t going to go …
I wasn’t going to study …
You weren’t going to study …
She wasn’t going to study …
Was I going to work … ?
Were you going to work… ?
Was she going to work … ?
Was I going to go… ?
Were you going to go … ?
Was she going to go … ?
Was I going to study… ?
Were you going to study … ?
Was she going to study … ?
PALABRA CLAVE
Yesterday
two days ago
a week ago
a month ago
5 years ago
Last month
Last week
Last year
in 1992
in the 90s
USO
• Cuando queremos hablar de intenciones o
planes que tuvimos en el pasado.
• A diferencia del pasado progresivo, estas
acciones no dan información de si se lograron
cumplir
FUTURE FORM IN THE PAST: GOING TO
Forma Futura en el Paso con Going to

12. FORMA AFIRMATIVO NEGACIÓN PREGUNTA
Will + Infinitivo
I will be …
She will be …
I will work …
She will work …
I will go …
She will go …
I will study …
She will study …
I won’t be …
She won’t be …
I won’t work …
She won’t work …
I won’t go …
She won’t go …
I won’t study …
She won’t study …
Will I be … ?
Will she be … ?
Will I work … ?
Will she work … ?
Will I go… ?
Will she go … ?
Will I study … ?
Will she study… ?
PALABRA CLAVE
Tomorrow
In the future
One day
Soon
USO
• Predicciones acerca del futuro (se piensa que
algo va a ocurrir)
• Se decide que se hará algo espontáneamente
al momento de hablar
• Oración principal en condicionales de tipo 1
FUTURE FORM: WILL
Futuro Simple

13. FORMA AFIRMATIVO NEGACIÓN PREGUNTA
Will + be + verb_ing
I will be working …
You will be working …
She will be working …
I will be going …
You will be going …
She will be going …
I will be studying …
You will be studying …
She will be studying …
I won’t be working …
You won’t be working …
She won’t be working …
I won’t be going …
You won’t be going …
She won’t be going …
I won’t be studying …
You won’t be studying …
She won’t be studying …
Will I be working … ?
Will you be working … ?
Will she be working … ?
Will I be going… ?
Will you be going … ?
Will she be going … ?
Will I be studying… ?
Will you be studying … ?
Will she be studying … ?
PALABRA CLAVE
… by …
USO
• Acciones que van a estar en progreso en un
cierto punto en el futuro. Esta acción ha
comenzado antes que el cierto punto.
FUTURE PROGRESSIVE
Futuro Progresivo

14. FORMA AFIRMATIVO NEGACIÓN PREGUNTA
Will + have +
+ pasado participio*
* Verbos regulares
(infinitivo + d, ed, ied)
o verbos irregulares
en su forma
de pasado participio
I will have worked …
She will have worked …
I will have gone …
She will have gone …
I will have studied …
She will have studied …
I won’t have worked …
She won’t have worked …
I won’t have gone …
She won’t have gone …
I won’t have studied …
She won’t have studied …
Will I have worked … ?
Will she have worked … ?
Will I have gone … ?
Will she have gone … ?
Will I have studied … ?
Will she have studied … ?
PALABRA CLAVE
… by the time …
USO
• Acciones que ya habrán pasado en un punto
en específico en el futuro.
FUTURE PERFECT SIMPLE
Futuro Perfecto Simple

15. FORMA AFIRMATIVO NEGACIÓN PREGUNTA
Will + have +
+ been +
verb_ing
I will have been working …
She will have been working …
I will have been going …
She will have been going …
I will have been studying …
She will have been studying …
I won’t have been working …
She won’t have been working …
I won’t have been going …
She won’t have been going …
I won’t have been studying …
She won’t have been studying …
Will I have been working … ?
Will she have been working … ?
Will I have been going … ?
Will she have been going … ?
Will I have been studying … ?
Will she have been studying … ?
PALABRA
CLAVE
… by
the time …
USO
• Acciones que ya habrán pasado en un punto
en específico en el futuro.
• Énfasis: duración de tiempo de una acción
FUTURE PERFECT PROGRESSIVE
Futuro Perfecto Progresivo

16. • Certificate in Teaching
English to Speakers of Other
Languages (CELTA)
• Diploma in Linguistics and
International Relations
• Bachelor of Arts in Education
in Modern Languages
Oscar Nuñez Prada
CV https://www.linkedin.com/in/oscarnunezprada
EMAIL oscarnupra@gmail.com
So far so good?