1. Factors
Affecting
Language
Learning
Strategy
Usage
by Nurul Umi Shuhada

2. Learners’ level of language
proficiency
• Related with the increased usage of
direct and indirect strategies
(cognitive and metacognitive
strategies).
• Students with low-proficiency engaged
more communication strategies than
students with high-proficiency.

3. Motivation
• Those who were greatly
motivated, tended to embrace
more learning strategies and
implement them more often than
those who are less motivated.

4. Learning Style
• The choice of learning
style of an individual,
influences their choice of
LLS used.

5. Gender
• Females have always been
using more LLSs recurrently
than males.

6. Years of language learning and
the use of language learning
strategies
• The year of language
learning, affects the usage
of LLSs strategies