tuk bdak2 radiografi... :)

2. • A barium enema is a test used to help
visualise the colon (large bowel).
• A barium enema is used to look for
problems in the colon, such as polyps,
inflammation (colitis), narrowing of the
colon, tumours, diverticulitis

3. 1. SINGLE CONTRAST STUDY
The colon is filled with barium, which outlines the intestine and
reveals large abnormalities.
2. DOUBLE CONTRAST @ AIR –CONTRAST STUDY
1. the colon is first filled with barium
2. then the barium is drained out, leaving only a thin layer of
barium on the wall of the colon.
3. The colon is then filled with air. This provides a detailed view of
the inner surface of the colon, making it easier to see narrowed
areas (strictures), diverticula, or inflammation.

4. PREGNANT
diabetic ALLERGIC
ASTHMA

5. PERSEDIAAN PESAKIT
• 2 hari sebelum tarikh pemeriksaan
Elakkan makanan yang tidak mudah hadam
(kekacang,sayur-sayuran,daging ,ayam)
Banyakkan minum air(8-10 gelas sehari)
Makan makanan hadam seperti mee
maggi,bubur nasi
Elakkan merokok dan minuman bergas.

6. • 1 hari sebelum tarikh pemeriksaan
Elakkan makanan yang tidak mudah hadam (kekacang, sayur-
sayuran, daging ,ayam)
Banyakkan minum air (8-10 gelas sehari)
Makan makanan hadam ( mee maggi,bubur nasi)
Elakkan merokok dan minuman bergas.
Ambil ubat FLEET seperti yang diarahkan
Arahan penggunaan FLEET
Campurkan 45CC Fleet dengan1/2 gelas air.(setiap kali minum)
Campuran ini diminum 1 hari sebelum pemeriksaan iaitu pada(..tarikh..)
pukul 2 petang dan 7 malam.
Masukkan Fleet enema pada pagi hari pemeriksaan(..tarikh..)
Mula berpuasa pada pukul 12 tengah malam.

7. How is a barium enema done?
• You will be asked to wear a gown
• lie on a couch on your side or front
• A small tube is then put into your anus (back passage) and
• Pt placed in Sims’ position before enema tip is inserted.
• gently pushed up a few centimetres. (not exceed 3-4 cm to prevent
possible injury to the wall of the rectum.
• Barium liquid is then passed through the tube into your colon.
• Ask pt to move into different positions, to help with the flow of the
barium liquid.
• Give you an injection of a drug that makes the muscles in the wall of
the colon relax.( relieve the cramping.)

8. • Pass some air down the enema tube into the colon. (This may
feel a little uncomfortable )
• The air expands the colon and also pushes the barium to coat
the lining of the colon.
• When the barium has spread throughout the colon, X-ray
image are taken with different positions. ( to have all parts of
the colon.)
• (Low-dose X-rays are used so the total amount of radiation for
the whole test is quite small and thought to be safe.)
• The tube is then removed and pt can go to the toilet. The test
takes about 15-20 minutes.

9. WHY USE BARIUM LIQUID
• to spread all along the colon as far as the
caecum (where the small intestine joins
the colon).

10. Side-effects From Barium Enema
1. have stomach cramps for a few hours .
2. The barium may make you constipated. So, to
help prevent constipation:
 Have lots to drink for a day
 Eat plenty of fruit for a day .(See your doctor if you
haven't passed any faeces (stools) after three days).
3. If you had an injection to relax the muscles in your
colon, it may cause of your vision for an hour
 If this happens NOT to drive until The barium does not
get absorbed into the body.

11. PROJECTION
• PA /AP PROJECTION
• RAO-to include rectal ampulla
• LAO-to include L colic flexure
• LPO-for right colic (hepatic)flexure
• RPO-for left colic(splenic)flexure
• L @ R LATERAL DECUBITUS-air filled
portions of the large intestine.

12. Barium Enema, Single Contrast
Transverse
Ascending Colon
Colon
Descending
Colon
Cecum
Terminal Sigmoid
Ileum

13. Barium Enema, Double Contrast
(Right Lateral Decubitus)
Hepatic
Flexure
Note the effect of
gravity

14. Barium Enema, Double Contrast
(Prone Position)
Cecum

15. Barium Enema, Double Contrast
(Supine Position)
Rectum