1. Essay on Critical Pedagogy
Critical Pedagogy
The acclaimed lyricist Oscar Hammerstein once wrote, "You have to be carefully taught." Most will
agree that properly educating children is essential for the good of a society. However, the best
method of educating students is a much more debatable topic. What is the best way to educate a
student? Is it through memorization? Discussion? Exploration? Experimentation? Through the ages
many scholars, teachers, and other accredited individuals have offered their opinions on the science
of teaching, or pedagogy. One such man is Henry Giroux, the author of Modernism, Postmodernism,
and Feminism. In his introductory chapter to this novel, Giroux sets his principles for critical
pedagogy. Among these principles is one belief...show more content...
The last phrase of the stated ideal mentions, "creating new spaces where knowledge can be
produced." These "new spaces" may be any different or radical methods that produce knowledge for
a student. For example, if knowledge was formerly produced by memorization and recitation, new
knowledge may be produced through first–hand exploration, trial and error, etc. In other words, by
incorporating the explanations mentioned above, the aforementioned principle means that critical
pedagogy needs to create forms of knowledge other than names, dates, and numbers, through its
emphasis on breaking down the physical and teacher–student boundaries that prevent a student from
learning and creating new methods of producing knowledge."
If Chemistry 167, a class that is currently half lecture and half recitation, was taught according to
this principle, nearly every aspect of the class would have to be dramatically altered. For
example, if the goal of the class were to learn and not merely memorize facts stated by someone
else, textbooks would be unnecessary. In order for the class to move from "old" forms of
knowledge to "new" forms of knowledge, the class would have to make a transition from mostly
lecture to more experimentation and open discussion. In order to break down the disciplinary
boundaries between teacher and student, the professor of our
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2. Critical Reading
I. Introduction
"The original owner had highlighted the entire bookВ—literally. Every line on every page had been
drawn through with a bright green Magic Marker. It was a terrifying example of a mind that had
lost all power of discrimination."
–Florence King
Being a student requires readingВ—and a lot of it. Some love it, some hate it. Nonetheless, we can
't escape it. Reading is part of a student 's life, and the length of time spent on it defines the kind of
student one is. It is a challenge to even start going through the first page, all the more to finish it
until the end. And yet, to understand is completely a different story. Reading has been described as
a gateway to explore new worlds, a key to unlock the treasure of infinite...show more content...
The four techniques mentioned undoubtedly reduces the length of time you spend on reading, but
you 've got to know when to use it and when not to. Skimming involves locating the main idea of a
text. Once located, this main idea would give you an overview for the supporting statements that
you would have to read afterwards. Remember that skimming is used only when your purpose for
reading allows you to read for general concepts rather than specific information (McWhorter,
453). If you already know the text that you are about to read, then apply scanning. Aside from
going directly to what you need, other words that pass through your scanning fingertips would
somehow flash to your brain. Thus, you are exposed to the other information of the text. Glancing
may be used to detect organizational pattern of a text as you basically go over the text in no
particular order. Lastly, you could skip some parts of a text because either you feel that it is not too
relevant or you already know the details of what is being discussed. There are two things that we
need to possess to get things going: motivation and self–discipline. Motivation gives you the drive to
pursue what is needed to be done. It eliminates negative thoughts that hinder the fulfilment of your
goals. Self–discipline, on the other hand, is the controlling factor to your pursued objective. If
motivation gives you the head start, self–discipline helps you continue what you have started.
Remember, these
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3. Critical Literacy Essay
Premise for Critical Literacy
Critical Literacy has many different forms, and can be very different depending on which
classroom it is taking place in. The basic premise that I acquired from researching critical literacy
is that it requires the literate consumers of the text to adopt a critical questioning approach (Critical
Literacy, 2015). Critical Literacy is forming an individual opinion on a topic that isn't only
superficial, but also in depth and meaningful. Being critically literate isn't about attaining literacy
for the purpose of reading letters on a page, it is to read the words on the page and become engaged
in a discussion formulating opinions and expressing ideas openly. Becoming critically literate means
that an individual...show more content...
A couple of them are Paulo Freire, Allen Luke,Henry Giroux, and Joe Kincheloe. Many of them
share the same beliefs about this topic, but with a different viewpoint. Paulo Freire was a
twentieth–century Brazilian educator. He was born September 19, 1921 and died May 2, 1997.
Freire was a leading advocate for critical pedagogy, and contributed to the philosophy of education
from a more classical approach such as Plato and modern Marxist. Freire believed in a 'banking
method' which is compared to students. He viewed students as empty bank accounts waiting to be
filled by the teacher. According to Freire, by filling students with this new knowledge it transforms
them into receiving objects (Paulo Freire, Wiki). Paulo Freire believed that Critical thinking was not
a one–way development, not "something done for students or to them" for their own good (Freire,
1989, 34). Freire's pedagogy focused on writing, reading, and things based around the student's life,
and not repetitive lecturing. One of Freire's most stressed phrases, I believe, is "reading the world."
Something that Paulo says is that when reading words, you are actually reading different
perspectives of the
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4. Critical Care Nursing Essay
This essay sets out to discuss the importance of comprehensive and accurate assessment on a
registered nurses' ability to make excellent clinical decisions. It will examine what factors can
change a nurses' capability to be aware of, and act on abnormal assessment findings. As well as
assessment being part of the nursing process that is used in every day nursing, it is also a critical
part of patient safety (Higgins, 2008). Assessment findings are used to determine what needs to be
done for the patient next. Early warning scoring systems currently exist to aid in the early detection
of patient deterioration (Goldhill, 2005). The rationale for the use of these systems is that early
recognition of deterioration in the vital signs of a...show more content...
The issue of consistency is raised when discussing how to ensure assessments are comprehensive,
complete and that the data is recorded using the same guidelines as other nurses. To enable
consistency of assessment, the same nurse should be taking the observations of a patient for the
duration of a shift (Moore, 2007). This ensure that the interpretation of results don't differ each time
the vital signs are done. It also allows the nurse to detect subtle changes in the patients state that
may not have been written down. For example, in most clinical environments the respiration rate is
recorded as just a number, and the rhythm, degree of effort, quality of breathing and evidence of
wheezing or other abnormal breathing sounds are not recorded. The rate may stay the same over a
period of time while other aspects of respiration may change, and this is something that a nurse is
more likely to notice if they have assessed that patient before. During handover, a nurse should tell
the next nurse looking after their patients how they took observations and detail what tools they used
to ensure consistency is maintained. Nurses may not pick up on abnormal assessment findings
because they do not know what the normal ranges are, or perhaps do not know what combinations of
abnormal clinical
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