Nelson Mandela was born in 1918 in South Africa and grew up under apartheid, a system of racial segregation and discrimination. He became an activist against apartheid and co-founded the African National Congress party. After years of non-violent protests failed, Mandela advocated for sabotage campaigns against the government. He was imprisoned for 27 years before being released in 1990 amid international pressure. Mandela then worked to dismantle apartheid through negotiations, becoming South Africa's first black president in 1994.

2. INTRODUCTION
The global Icon for world peace, equality and justice. Mandela was an instrumental
figure in ending apartheid in South Africa. He endured the most difficult
adversities for him and his people to walk once again in the light of freedom. I will
take you through his life time from childhood, imprisonment, relationships, and to
his march to freedom.

3. CHILDHOOD
•Born 18 July 1918 in a small village Mvenzo, Emtata in Transkei
•Birth name Rolihlahla “the troublemaker” Mandela
• His Teacher gave him the English name "Nelson"
•Mandela was influenced by his father to become a Lawyer
•His father died of tuberculosis when he was only 9

4. APARTHEID
Apartheid was a system of government is South Africa
between 1948 and 1994.Literally it meant “apartness” and
“segregation.” An official policy of racial segregation
formerly practiced in the Republic of South Africa, involving
political, legal, and economic discrimination against non
whites or the blacks
The were 4 groups classified by the government . These groups were
Blacks 71%
Whites 16%
Coloureds and Indians 10%
Asians 3%

5. NELSON MANDELA'S ROLE IN APARTHEID
Anti-apartheid activities
In 1961, Mandela became leader of the ANC's(African
National Congress)which he co-founded. After Mandela saw
that non violent protesting had not and would not achieve
any progress, at a desperate time like this he called for
desperate measures.
He coordinated and organised sabotage campaigns (such as
bombing places of apartheid like courts, post offices and
government offices against military and government targets,
in an attempt to end apartheid. Mandela also raised funds
from abroad to training the group.
His rebellious ways ,disobeying curfews, organising boycotts
soon lead to his arrest.

6. On 5 August 1962 Mandela was arrested after living
on the run for seventeen months
The U.S. Agency (THE CIA) tipped off the security
police as to Mandela's whereabouts and disguise.
ARREST

7. IMPRISONMENT
•Nelson Mandela was imprisoned on Robben Island
where he remained for the next eighteen of his
twenty-seven years in prison.
• While in jail, his reputation grew and he became
widely known as the most significant black leader in
South Africa.
•Prisoners were segregated by race. Political
prisoners were kept separate from ordinary
criminals and received fewer privileges.
•He was allowed one visitor and one letter every
6months.

8. RELEASE
On 2 February 1990, President F.W. de Klerk reversed the ban
on the ANC and other anti-apartheid organisations, and
announced that Mandela would shortly be released from
prison.
Mandela was released from Victor Verster Prison in Paarl on
11 February 1990. The event was broadcast live all over the
world.

9. PRESIDENCY
Mandela encouraged black South Africans to get behind the
previously hated Springboks (the South African national
rugby team) as South Africa hosted the 1995 Rugby World
Cup. After the Springboks won an epic final over New
Zealand, Mandela presented the trophy to captain
Francois Pienaar, An Afrikaner, wearing a Springbok shirt
with Pienaar's own number 6 on the back. This was widely
seen as a major step in the reconciliation of white and
black South Africans.

10. MARRIAGE AND FAMILY
•Mandela's first marriage was to Evelyn Ntoko Mase
•Mandela's second wife, Winnie Madikizela-Mandela
•Mandela was remarried, on his 80th birthday in 1998, to Graca Machel

11. RETIREMENT
After his retirement as President, Mandela
went on to become an advocate for a variety
of social and human rights organisations.