The Lumbee Problem Essay
     The first reading was the preface and the fourth chapter from
the book, "The Lumbee Problem: The Making of an American Indian People", entitled, "What are
they trying to do now?" In this reading, the author, Karen I. Blu, examines the political history of the
Indians of Robeson County, North Carolina and goes into detail about her findings during her visit
there between 1967 and 1968. Blu argues that the political history of the Lumbee Indians was
greatly affected by the relationships between them and non–Indians as well as each other's
perceptions of one another. The fourth chapter focuses on the Black–Indian coalition that was
formed during this time and the details surrounding its emergence, objectives, ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
She points out that unity for Blacks meant brotherhood and meant "against the Whites who threaten
to split 'us'" for Indians. In addition, Indians believed leaders were concerned with personal gain
over community welfare while Blacks exhibited more confidence in their leaders. Blu ends the
chapter by explaining that Blacks and Indians worked politely together within the coalition and that
although the Blacks had slight feelings that the Indians weren't so polite, they knew their intentions
weren't bad.      The second reading, "America's My Home," is a
collection of interviews with young Blacks from Georgia. The reading focuses on three particular
men: Roger W., Phillip J., and James N. The three men all comment on the questions presented
covering topics such as where and how they grew up, poverty, integration and segregation, unity,
racial tensions and relations in America, and religion. Roger is ten years older than both Phillip and
James, so he offers a
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Annotated Bibliography Of High School Segregation
Bibliography:
"1970 Census of Population and Housing." U.S. Census Bureau, August 16, 1971.
http://www.census.gov/prod/www/decennial.html.
"About Greensboro College." Information Site. Greensboro College. Accessed April 9, 2016.
https://www.greensboro.edu/museum–aboutgc.php.
"About Us, Fast Facts." Information Site. Bennett College: Education for Your Future. Sisterhood
for Life. Accessed April 9, 2016. http://www.bennett.edu/about/fastfacts.html.
Associated Press. "Study Begun in Dixie on Ruling: Court Edict Generally Recieved Calmly; Soem
Call Sessions." The Anniston Star. May 18, 1954. Newspapers.com.
Ayscue, Jennifer B., Brian Woodward, John Kucsera, Genevieve Siegel–Hawley, and Gary Orfield.
"Segregation Again: North Carolina's Transition from Leading Desegregation Then to Accepting
Segregation Now." Research. School Segregation in the Eastern States. Los Angeles: ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
June 30, 1970. Newspapers.com. https://www.newspapers.com/image/42053596.
Ross, Thomas. One Land, Three Peoples: An Atlas of Robeson County, North Carolina. Lumberton:
Thomas Ross, 1982.
Stoesen, Alexander R. Guilford County: A Brief History. Raleigh: North Carolina Division of
Archives and History, 1993.
–––. "Volume Two: A Celebration of Guilford County Since 1890." In History of Guilford County,
North Carolina, U.S.A. to 1980, A.D., edited by Sydney M. Cone, Jr., 149–260. Guilford County:
The Guilford County Bicentennial Commission, 1981.
The Civil Rights Project. "PICS One Year Later: Reflections on the Anniversary of the Supreme
Court's Voluntary Integration Decision." Informational Site. The Civil Rights Project, June 28, 2016.
https://civilrightsproject.ucla.edu/legal–developments/court–decisions/one–year–later–reflections–
on–the–anniversary–of–the–supreme–court2019s–voluntary–integration–decision.
Thomas, Maud. Away Down Home: A History of Robeson County, North Carolina. Lumberton:
Maud Thomas,

Lost Colony Of Roanoke Essay
America's first greatest mystery has yet to be disclosed and only pieces of the events surrounding
the enigma are known. The Lost Colony of Roanoke has remained a worldwide mystery for almost
four centuries and there have been many attempts at discovering what actually happened there.
As the New World of America was born, countries began vying to find a way to gain some land, and
therefore, more power. In 1854, Queen Elizabeth I began an expedition to form a new colony in
America to gain an English hold on the land. The group of colonists would be the first English–
speaking colonists to live there. They landed on Roanoke Island, an island off of the coast of North
Carolina. The group, which was led by Sir Walter Raleigh, consisted of about one hundred men, but
they struggled with forming good relationships with the Natives. Although two Native chiefs,
Manteo and Wanchese, were brought to England to help establish strong relations, the ... Show more
One of the more popular and logical theories is that local Natives kidnapped them and killed them
over territory disputes. Some fought this with the fact that there was not any struggle or signs of
chaos on the island, or human remains. All of the buildings had been neatly torn down and there was
nothing left behind, except for a wooden fence lining the supposed perimeter. One theory states that
the colonists moved farther inland; they intermingled cultures with the Natives, but there is less than
enough evidence to support this idea (theshadowlands.net). A popular theory states that the colonists
easily could have just got up and left in search of food, due to the extreme drought, and died from
illness or hostile Natives (Destination Commerce). Also, they could have attempted to sail back to
England, but shipwrecked or were raided along the way, and that's why all of the houses and
possessions were gone

Marlboro Man Persuasive Speech
I am humbled and honored to be a member of the Lumbee Tribe, the largest tribe east of the
Mississippi River. Brooke Medicine Eagle once said, "Being Indian is an attitude, a state of mind, a
way of being in harmony with all things and all beings. It is allowing the heart to be the distributor
of energy on this planet; to allow feelings and sensitivities to determine where energy goes; bringing
aliveness up from the Earth and from the Sky, putting it in and giving it out from the heart." From
Medicine Eagles' words, energy is forever flowing within nature. In my health profession experience
I have seen the heart damaged from lack of good health practices, for instance cigarette smoking.
Combining this quote and Congressman Morris K. Udall's ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
Comparing my goals to the honorable Congressman, I ask myself the quote by Ghandi, "How can I
be the change that I wish to see in the world?" While I may not be in Congress, however, to be that
change in my community I want to assist my tribe in seeking federal recognition, so that the health
needs of the Lumbee people can be improved. In my experience volunteering at the Lumbee health
clinic and working in the hospital as a nurse, I noticed that the Lumbee people were hesitant to seek
health assistance due to poverty, diminished physician rapport, and lack of health insurance. In
addition, you had the Marlboro Man poisoning and destroying their health. I knew immediately that
health care was an imminent problem and the catastrophic death of a Lumbee generation would
soon occur. To help aid, Indian Health Services is a federal service to meet the native health needs of
those federally recognized, but what about those who are not recognized such as the Lumbee
people? Do we allow them to drift in the tide of the devastating diseases present? No, we make a
stand to explore, provide institutions, and offer aid to improve native health

The Disappearance Of The Lost Colony
In 1587, one hundred ten people, including seventeen women and nine children, sailed from
Plymouth, England, during the reign of Queen Elizabeth I to start a new life on the Outer Banks.
This colony of over one hundred people disappeared from the Roanoke Island region, never to be
seen again (Kramer 2). For over 400 years, historians and archeologists have attempted to determine
what happened. Although there are several popular theories regarding the disappearance of the Lost
Colony, the theory with the most evidence for being accurate is the migration theory. The two
previous expeditions that had been sent to this region by Sir Walter Raleigh had been unsuccessful
in establishing a settlement. The first group had simply returned to England. The second group had
left fifteen men to stay on the island to start a colony. The third group had expected to find these
men when they arrived, but the logs of Fort Raleigh had been pulled down. One corpse was found
and it became clear that the destiny of the others was not good, and none had survived ("The Lost
Colony of Roanoke" 2). Prior to their departure from England in1587, the third group of colonists
was misled about the area they were sent to. The previous expedition had compared Roanoke to the
Garden of Eden saying, "The earth bringeth forth all things in abundance, as in the first creation,
without toil or labor. The soil is the most plentiful, sweet, fruitful and wholesome of all the world."
Soon after arrival it was

How Did Europeans Lead To The Greed Of Native Americans
Europeans had only brought problems to Native Americans The greed of the Europeans has ruined
the native american culture, The natives have lost all their principals and costums. Native Americans
were slowly obliterated from their lands throughout 1500 to 1800. The English, French and Spanish
used a method of mass murder called extermination. They used whatever it took to exterminate the
most Native Americans possible in a small amount of time. The English would not have done this
had it not been for greed. They wanted the land that the Native Americans had and they wanted it
fast. This greed did accomplish their task of taking land, but it also lead to the death of thousands of
Native Americans. As the European explorers came to America, they brought new diseases. The
indians had no immunity to the sickness that Europeans were bringing to their land. The most
common ones were smallpox, influenza, measles, and chicken pox.
[http://ncpedia.org/history/early/contact] The natives were not used to these diseases, their immune
system was not prepared which resulted with the death of entire villages. sometimes the diseases
were transmitted by making simple physical contact with the colonists. Other times, the sickness
would spread as Indians traded with one another. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
He wrote: "Within a few days after our departure from every such [Indian] town, the people began
to die very fast, and many in short space; in some towns about twenty, in some forty, in some sixty,
& in one six score [6 x 20 = 120], which in truth was very many in respect of their numbers. . . . The
disease was also so strange that they neither knew what it was nor how to cure it."

Native American Colonialism
From the time during North American colonialism to the modern era, American Indians have
responded to and countered U.S. policies, philosophies, and agreements in hopes of sustaining and
preserving their sovereignty and relationships to the land. As a result, the U.S. government
employed many different approaches in dealing with American Indians in hopes of assimilation and
diminishment of Native American culture from the mid–19th century to early–20th century.
Consequently, as the U.S. government policies of assimilation directed towards American Indians
evolved from 1850 to 1930, so did the Indian response. Native American responses to early
aggressive U.S. polices, as in the violations of the Treaty of Fort Laramie and the Confederate Home
Guard, resulted in violent resistive responses from American Indians for the ossification of their
relationship to land. As U.S. detribalization policies later shifted to a more diplomatic approach for
improved westernized assimilation, like the Dawes Allotment Act and use of boarding schools,
American Indian's response metamorphosed from resistance to adaptation for the preservation and
survival of their native identities and culture. The intrinsic relationships that American Indians had
to their lands was a non–negotiable doctrine for many tribes. Violating these terms proved to
promote resistive responses that frequently involved violence and war. In addition, many early U.S.
policies in the 1850's commonly disregarded sovereign

Skull Wars Summary
Archeologist Brian Fagan once wrote that "If we are ignorant of the past, someone will rewrite it for
us." In the book Skull Wars by Kennewick Man, David Hurst Thomas explores the history of
Anthropology and its relationship between American Indians and European Descent. This novel
reveals the underlying truth, hardship and reality of who Christopher Columbus once called Los
Indios. In the book Skull Wars by Kennewick Man, Brian Fagan's Statement of the rewriting of the
past can relate to Skull Wars in numerous ways. I Agree with his statement and believe that if we do
not care or learn about what has really happened in the past, why would it be so hard for mainstream
American society to feed us misinterpreted stories today? Kennewick Man has also taken a huge
step forward in revealing the truth on why todays Indians resent and distrust both anthropology and
archeology. But how has the history of interaction between Native American people and their
displacers shaped the way I approach and think of Native American prehistory? Firstly, there are
numerous Examples of European interactions with American Indians. From the beginning Indians
focused on Trade as a major role in receiving and selling goods. For example, the Indians traded
much with European explorers and colonists. Many Native hunters demanded deer hides that
Indians were very skilled at making. Indians demanded thing such as iron tools, copper pots and
glass beads. As a result of trade many French people developed

Roanoke Island: the Lost Colony
Roanoke Island: The Lost Colony
Alycia Roberts
HIST113 VC
On July 22, 1587, long before the Pilgrims arrived at Plymouth Rock, 117 hopeful colonists from
England landed ashore onto a tiny island along the coast of what is today North Carolina. The group
unpacked and founded a settlement, Roanoke Island. Then they vanished without a trace. The story
of the Lost Colony has fascinated people across four centuries and remains one of the enduring
mysteries of early America. There are several theories put forth to explain the disappearance, but
despite efforts by historians, archeologists, and other investigators, the fate of these early colonists
seems destined to remain a mystery. In the 16th century, many European nations wanted to ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Once again, supplies ran out, and White chose to return on his own to England to get more. When he
landed in England, he found that his country was getting ready for war with Spain. For the next two
years, no ships or sailors were available for a return trip to Roanoke. It wasn't until August 1590,
after the English defeated Spain, that White finally found ships to take him back to the colony
(Horn, 2010). White and his men dropped anchor off the Outer Banks of North Carolina and rowed
toward the island. Crewman sounded familiar tunes on trumpets to alert the colonists, but not a
single human figure was seen. The landing party made its way through the woods to the settlement
at the island's northern end. Bracing himself for the worst, White entered the clearing where he had
parted from the colonists, including his daughter, Eleanor Dare and his granddaughter, the first child
born in the colonies, Virginia Dare (Davis, 2009). He found the settlement deserted, weeds and vines
sprouting where houses had once stood. The houses themselves had been carefully dismantled and
removed. Gone, too, were the fort's small cannon; buried chests were found, containing some of the
colonists' possessions. All the evidence suggested a planned and orderly withdrawal (McGill, 2009).
White soon discovered the letters CRO carved on a post at the entrance to the stockade, and the
word CROATOAN carved into a tree trunk. This gave White reason to believe that the colonists had

Native Americans Of North Carolina Essay
American Indians had been living in North Carolina for at least 9,500 years before European
explorers first encountered them in the 1520's. For the past several decades an increasing number of
Americans have been identifying as American Indians. For centuries before European contact, these
native people lived in harmony with the natural environment, taking no more from the land than
they needed to survive. Of all the states in the Union, North Carolina has witnessed the largest
increase in Native American population during the past 100 years, based upon official government
census documents. The Indian population in North Carolina consists of one federally recognized
Indian tribe (Cherokee), seven state–recognized tribes, and ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
The Qualla Boundary reservation, where much of the tribe now lives, was charted in 1889. The total
land base of the Eastern Band of the Cherokee Indians consists of 56,573 acres in western North
Carolina. 5,287 of the tribe's 6,311 members live on the Qualla reservation. The Eastern Band is a
political body, administered by a chief and a vice–chief who are elected to four–year terms.
Haliwa–Saponi
The Haliwa Saponi people are descendents of the Saponi, Tuscarora, Occaneechee, Tutelo, and
Nansemond Indians. In the 1700s these five tribes merged, settling in the area of Halifax and Warren
counties where the Haliwa Saponi live today. In 1957, the Haliwa–Saponi established the only tribal
school recognized by North Carolina at the time. Today, the school building houses the Haliwa–
Saponi Tribal Charter School. The tribe's home base is in Hollister, NC. The tribe is under the
leadership of a council and chief. The Tribal Council consists of 10 members, the Chief and the Vice
Chief. The current population of the tribe is at least 3,005. The Haliwa–Saponi leadership has
focused upon three major issues during the past two decades: tribal self–sufficiency, preservation of
tribal culture, and improving the quality of life of its members.
Indians of Person County
For more than two centuries, the Indians of Person County have lived in the central Piedmont
straddling in the North Carolina–Virginia border. They descended from a

Essay about The Roanoke Colony
The Roanoke colony was located on the Roanoke Island, in Dare County. This is where North
Carolina is located today. In 1584, explorers Philip Amadas and Arthur Barlowe were the first
Europeans to set view the island. They were sent to that particular region by Sir Walter Raleigh with
the assignment of exploring the extensive sounds and estuaries in hunt of an ideal location for
settlement. Barlowe wrote bright information of Roanoke Island, and when the explorers returned to
England a year afterward with two Natives, Manteo and Wanchese, all of London was abuzz with
chat of the New World's wonders.Queen Elizabeth, impressed with the results of the reconnaissance
voyage, knighted Raleigh as a reward. The new ground was named "Virginia" in ... Show more
On April 27, 1584, Raleigh dispatched a journey led by Phillip Amadas and Arthur Barlowe to
search for the Eastern coast of North America. They arrived on Roanoke Island on July 4, and
almost immediately recognized relations with the local citizens, the Sectoans and Croatans. Barlowe
returned to England with two Croatans named Manteo and Wanchese, who were able to explain the
government and natural features of the region to Raleigh. Based on this knowledge, Raleigh
prepared a second journey, to be led by Sir Richard Grenville.
Greenville's convoy departed Plymouth on April 9, 1585, with five major ships: the Tiger
(Grenville's), the Roebuck, the Red Lion, the Elizabeth, and the Dorothy. Consequently, a harsh
rainstorm off the shore of Portugal divided the Tiger from the rest of the convoy. The captains had
an unforeseen event plan if they were divided, which was to get together up again in Puerto Rico,
and the Tiger reached in the "Baye of Muskito" (Guayanilla Bay) on May 11.
While anticipating for the additional ships, Grenville recognized relations with the Spanish there
while concurrently engaging in some privateering in opposition to them, and also built a fort. The
Elizabeth arrived almost immediately after the fort's creation. Eventually, Grenville worn–out off
anticipating or the remaining ships, and departed on June 7. The fort was discarded, and its site
remains unknown.
When the Tiger sailed through Ocracoke Inlet on June 26,

The Mystery of the Lost Colony
For centuries the disappearance of the Roanoke colonists has been one of the great mysteries in the
historical community. Within the span of three years, 120 colonists disappeared from an English
colony on Roanoke Island, a small piece of land off the coast of North Carolina. The evidence left
behind barely gives us a clue as to what could have happened to the entire colony. With the
testimony of John White, the leader of the colony that left the settlement to get more supplies, and
what little evidence there is, there have been many theories as to what actually caused the
disappearance. When trying to make a logical conclusion about the disappearance of the 120
inhabitants of the colony at Roanoke, there are many factors to consider. ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
The purpose of this overtly hostile action was to obtain information from the chief about the
defensive capabilities of the surrounding Indian nations. This action only served to alienate the tribe
and force the settlers to depend on the fruits of their own labors... within months the first Roanoke
colony was in disarray and the settlers were near starving (Croatoan).
The colony barely lasted until Sir Francis Drake's fleet sailed by in 1586 when Drake offered
supplies or a trip back to their homeland. The settlers, starving and homesick, quickly accept the
offer and return to England. Not even a week later a relief ship arrives with supplies to discover the
settlement abandoned. The supply ship left fifteen men with a reasonable amount of food before
departing (The Settlement). Raleigh's first colony was an instructive test run for a second, more
planned effort. He determined that if the colony was relocated 80 miles north in the Chesapeake Bay
shipping would be essentially easier. He also decided to reconfigure the core of the colony by
allowing seventeen women, nine children, and two ex–convicts under their new leader. John White
was the expeditionary artist during Lane's colony and

Challenges of American-Indians in the United States Health...
Cover Letter Challenges of American Indians in the United States Health System The difficulty
encountered was on the attempt to harmonize the various figures and facts like years to a coherent
essay without moving back and forth with the figures hence mixing up the reader. It was interesting
to learn new facts about the American Indians and the services that I would otherwise assume are
common with people. The driving force behind the choice of this topic is that I have heard on
several occasions that this minority group among others struggled with the health care hence wanted
to discover the reasons behind it. The U.S. Health care system has undergone many changes and
adjustments meant to provide quality health care to all Americans with the latest adjustments put in
place with the coming of President Obama. The Obama health care plan is aimed at ensuring that all
Americans, regardless of the race and economic status are privy to adequate health care that is
affordable and within their reach. This would come as an absolute relief to the American Indians as
well as the Alaska Native who have been suffering alienation from the health care from historical
years. Background It is because of this historical injustice meted against the American Indians over
the historic development of this nation that there have been various legislations targeted toward
ensuring the American Indians too get the adequate medical care. One most significant and helpful
legislation

Ban Increasing Independence With Limits
Allow Increasing Independence with Limits Much research shows that adolescents do best when
parents set reasonable, age–appropriate rules and expectations, and follow through with reasonable
consequences for breaking rules (Simpson, 2001). Clearly stated rules and predictable consequences
for breaking rules are especially important in the area of risky behavior. To the extent that it has
been tested among AI youth the principle still applies. For example, Lonczak et al. (2007) found that
more limit setting predicted less substance use among 13–19 year old AI / Alaskan Native youth. AI
adolescents who use alcohol also report fewer parental sanctions against alcohol use than AI youth
who are non–users (Oetting et al., 1988; Swim, Beauvaid, Walker, & Silk–Walker, 2011). This is
perhaps especially true during early adolescence (Swim et al.), a time period when initiation of
alcohol use poses special risks for long–term use and dependence (Henry et al., 2011). In Mmari et
al.'s (2010) qualitative study, tribal members identified lack of appropriate parental discipline as one
of the most important family risk factors for youth delinquency and violence. These and other
authors point out that AI parents in recent generations have not had good role models for parental
discipline due to the long–term impact of children having been taken from families and raised in
boarding schools. These children, once parents themselves, were not able to draw from experiences
of traditional

The Mystery Of The Lost Colony Of Roanoke
The mystery of the Lost Colony of Roanoke is a puzzling mystery about what happened to the first
English settlers in America. The question is, what actually happened to them, because even with
evidence and research no one knows for absolute certain what actually did happen. The
disappearance of an entire colony, who left behind a dismantled settlement and the word "Croatoan"
etched into a tree has stumped many archaeologists. Countless theories have arisen, some more
outrageous than the rest. Were they killed by Indians? Taken by aliens? Abducted? Sabotaged? The
mystery of the Lost Colony of Roanoke has an abundance of theories, but the most plausible is that
the colonist were assimilated into the Lumbee tribe. Colonists arrived on Roanoke Island in 1587,
with the hopes of becoming the first English colony in America (Bernstein 2:55). The colony was to
be governed by John White and was composed of English families who wished to make a new home
for themselves, among the colonists was John White 's daughter, Virginia Dare. Several months later
the colony 's governor sailed back to England for supplies. The shortage of supplies was due to
skirmishes with the Natives, loss of supplies due to storms, and with the time for planting over the
colonists had no way to find enough food. John White promised to return as quickly as possible, but
due to unforeseen circumstances was unable to return as soon as was expected. Three years later,
John White returned only to find

Descriptive Epidemiology : American Indian And Native...
Descriptive Epidemiology American Indian and Native Alaskan populations on reservations or in
urban areas have had extreme difficulty with the use of Alcohol. An average of 43.9% of AI/AN
adults reported using alcohol within the last month, which is considerably higher compared to the
national average of 30.6%. (Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration
[SAMHSA], 2011). Furthermore, 30% of American Indians reporting usage of alcohol within the
last month also reported engaging in binge drinking episodes, which consist of consuming 5 or more
alcoholic beverages in one sitting(SAMHSA, 2011); and this is considerably more than the national
average of 24.6% (National Institutes of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, 2014). Those who ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Alcohol use is also seen to be greater in urban settings. The Lumbee Indian population, for example,
shows a prevalence of 72.6%, while the rural population reports 45.7% (May 1996). This trend of
substance abuse among American Indians has not changed greatly since 1975 when research looking
at these populations began (Beauvais, 1998). Alcohol abuse has been historically prevalent among
American Natives, and has been a problem since its introduction by early European settlers.
(http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3068262)
Biology of the Disease (include any controversies in case definition) Across all addictions, there is a
central theory as to how such an addiction can occur. The common mechanism of all addictive
substances is the activation of the brain's "reward system", made up of dopaminergic neurons of the
midbrain and their extensions to the limbic system
(http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3272277/). This system is normally used in
advancing evolutionary fitness promoting activity, such as sex, food, or social interactions
(http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3272277/). In such normal natural behaviors, the
reward system activity is relatively brief and weak. However, addictive substances abuse the
system's circuitry, causing

Enable Others To Act (FFA)
Enable Others to Act
I remembered when I first joined the FFA, I felt a little out of place. I recall attending my first
National FFA Convention in Indianapolis, Indiana. During that convention, I walked around that
convention center and realized that a huge percentage of the attendees looked the same; except me.
By saying that, almost everyone at the convention was white.
I am a full–blooded Native American of the Lumbee Tribe. Like majority of the natives in my tribe,
my skin is dark. Looking around in that convention center and seeing all those white faces at the
time didn't bother me until I traveled further along in my FFA career.
During my first year as a chapter officer, I remember it was the beginning of the new academic year
and it time to recruit new members. I attended a very racially divers high school in Robeson County,
North Carolina. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
I could not understand why someone could assume that and I held an officer position at a chapter
and federation level.
After that comment was made, I began to ask non–white students in my high school that were not
members of the FFA why would you not join our FFA Chapter. Some of the answers were that they
were not interested in agriculture. Most of the answers given were stereotypes of this organization.
Some students said the the FFA was for rednecks, farmers, and country folk. Others said that it was
for white people.
The National FFA Organization has given me so many opportunities and I didn't want silly
stereotype hinder every student to take advantage of it. I shared my story with students about how I
am a member of color and how the FFA changed my life. I told them that it doesn't matter if you are
White, Black, Latino, or Pock–o–dotted. It doesn't matter if you were raise on a farm in North
Carolina or in an apartment in the middle of New York City. It doesn't matter what your background
is; the same opportunities are held within the jacket for

My Cultural Identity Essay examples
My culture identity, as I know it as is African American. My culture can be seen in food, literature,
religion, language, the community, family structure, the individual, music, dance, art, and could be
summed up as the symbolic level. Symbolic, because faith plays a major role in our daily lives
through song, prayer, praise and worship. When I'm happy I rely on my faith, same as when I'm sad,
for I know things will get better as they have before. There are different disciplines within the
humanities, but there is one that I feel that has influenced my cultural identity the most...music. I say
music because from the start music told my culture's history; informed others about deeds or events
that had taken place, also, music was and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
June 19th was shortened to the name Juneteenth. Those slaves started the celebration that we know
and continue today as the Juneteenth Celebration which is now celebrated all across America, and
has now become the African American addendum to our national Independence Day. (Juneteenth,
n.d.) Now, this is what you call a celebration, each year is exciting more and more. I've met a variety
of people, from various parts of Africa, and from many cities in the United States. I would sum it
[Juneteenth Festival] up as a huge family reunion in the park. Realizing we have more in common
than not, when I meet new people, I look at them as individuals. I take into consideration the
concrete, the behavioral and the symbolic for they all have their place in a person being who they
are. Yes, I wish others could see and gain understanding for other cultures through my eyes. For
example, "it is possible to acquire a new culture by becoming disabled, moving to a new country or
region, or by a change in our economic status. When we think of culture this broadly we realize we
all belong to many cultures at once" (Community Tool Box, 2013). Who are the Lumbee? The
largest, most prosperous, educated Indian tribe in North Carolina since the 1700s, whose name is
from the Lumbee River is in Robeson County. The Lumbee people have been recognized

Unsolved Mysteries : The Lost Colony
Unsolved Mysteries – The Lost Colony
During the 1500's, the English started their first attempts at colonizing in the New World. One of the
first colonies to settle in North America was named after the island on which they settled. That
island was named the Roanoke Island. After a while of living on the island the colony had to return
to England, since there had been a shortage of food and they had been attacked by nearby indians
multiple times. A second group of English settlers also tried to settle on the island, but got there too
late. They were not able to farm nor did they have enough supplies for everyone. The colony failed
to accomplish their settlement on the island and quickly went back to England. Afterwards , a third
group of colonists decided to settle in the New World. When they went low on supplies, the leader
of the group decided to return to England, but when he tried to return, he was delayed. He returned
three years later to find that the colony had vanished mysteriously with no trace. Many historians
and anthropologists indicate different theoretical possibilities such as; the colony simply left the
settlement and somehow split up, decided to live with the neighbored, Croatoan indians, or were
brutally attacked by the natives. Wherever the Roanoke Colony ended up we may never know and to
this day it remains a popular, unsolvable mystery.
BACKGROUND
In the 1500's competition to own land in the New World caused political rivalry in England, because
land was

Native American Role Model
Being Native American it is always your goal to graduate high school first, and to go to college. I
would love to be someone to bring the knowledge back to my community. Native Americans are
known for having the highest dropout rate and the lowest college graduation rate. I could help the
Lumbee Tribe change their statistics of Lumbee Indians attending a four–year university. Overall,
make high education changes who we are as people. Having the younger generation in my
community see me make something out of myself could create a role model to them and give them
the tools in order for them to achieve their goals also. Out of all my family I will be the first to go to
college. Knowing that I will is a big achievement to me and I will do anything

Lost Colony Of Roanoke Colony Essay
The Lost Colony of Roanoke Power. The human instinct to be more dominant than the rest of your
kind and draw to be the best. The Lost Colony of Roanoke was an english colony sent to be in
America. Although, after a few years they need help and were left unsupervised as the leader of the
tribe left for food. When he returned he found nothing for the colony had vanished. The Lost Colony
of Roanoke may have vanished into the ever changing culture of Indians or was killed by leaving
the colony disbanded and scattered.
Even though, the colony contained hundreds of people all of them disappeared. Furthermore, the
name "Lost Colony" was given to a english establishment that sailed to the Island of Roanoke in
America ("Roanoke Colony). The colony consisted of 117 people–– seventeen woman, ninety–one
men and nine children (ABC–CLIO). Also, their leader, Raleigh White, had to sail back to sail back
to England due to the lack if food and imminent starvation of the colony("The Lost Colony).
Though, when he returned his colony was not there; all that was left was the word "croatoan" ...
Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The colony that was sent to Roanoke to destroy French assets in the Americas but could not sustain
their way of life (Prentzas 67). Furthermore, this was one of many attempts to hurt France through
American colonization. As has been noted, the words "Croatoan" and "Cro" were carved into a
tree("Roanoke Colony"). Additionally, this could to where they went or it could have been a claim
of territory. Many historians believe that the "Colony migrated into the Indian culture"("Roanoke
Colony"). Realizing Raleigh might not return, the colony left the infertile island. It is likely the
colonists assimilated into the Lumbee Tribe ("Roanoke Colony"). The Lumbees are a northern
inland tribe. No one knows where the colonists went but there is a high chance that they assimilated
into indian culture when there was no help from

Causes Of The Lost Colony Of Roanoke
"The lost colony of Roanoke is one of the most–notorious mysteries in American history; the cryptic
clues left at the abandoned settlement and the lack of any concrete evidence make it the focus of
wild speculation and theories". Within three years what would have been the first permanent English
colony that was formed in the New World disappeared in 1590, only leaving two small clues behind.
The colony mayor John White returned to the island to discover the word "Croatoan" had been
carved into the palisade surrounding the settlement as well as "Cro" carved into a nearby tree. It
appeared as if the colonists had disassembled all buildings, packed up, and left without a trace.
Throughout extensive research and sweeping the island there have been no remains or signs of
Indian attacks found leaving one mysterious question unanswered: what was the cause of the
disappearance of the Roanoke colony and where did they go? Roanoke was the first English
settlement in the New World, founded in August of 1585 by the English explorer Sir Walter Raleigh.
The first colony suffered the usual lack of food supplies and Indian attacks, forcing them to return to
England in 1586 on a ship that was captained by Sir Francis Drake. However, the following year
Raleigh had made the decision to send another hundred colonists under the oversight of John White.
The same situation that forced the original Roanoke colonists to return home began to trouble the
new colony. Later that year the colonists

How Did The Ku Klux Klan Affect Our Society
Since 1865, the Ku Klux Klan has been responsible for America's many atrocities in history. Driven
by hatred and resentment, the Klan terrorized minorities of all kinds in this country for more than a
century. Extending into almost every southern state by 1870, it became a vehicle for white southern
resistance to the Republican Party's Reconstruction–era policies. This single violent group was
responsible for thousands of deaths, and would help to weaken the political power of Southern
blacks and Republicans. On December 24, 1865, during the reconstruction of the South after the
Civil War, six Confederate veterans from Pulaski, Tennessee created the infamous Ku Klux Klan.
Confederate General Nathan Bedford Forrest became Grand Wizard of ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Simmons, in 1915, on Stone Mountain, Georgia. This new version of the Klan focused mainly on
new areas such as anti–Catholicism and anti–immigration and they supported prohibition. It stressed
fundamentalism in religion. A pamphlet published in Atlanta by Simmons in 1917, brought into the
light the Klan's goals as "to shield the sanctity of the home and the chastity of womanhood; to
maintain white supremacy; to teach and faithfully inculcate a high spiritual philosophy through an
exalted ritualism; and by a practical devotedness to conserve, protect and maintain the distinctive
institutions, rights, privileges, principles and ideals of a pure Americanism." (McWhirter, Cameron
65) The new founder of the Klan recruited many new followers by joining fraternal organizations.
The new members paid initiation fees and received Ku Klux Klan costumes in return. The Klan
presented itself as a fraternal, activist and ardently patriotic organization. In 1922, 1924, and1926
the Klan elected many state officials and a number of Congressmen even though they professed
themselves nonpolitical. The organization took its symbol, a burning cross, and held rallies, parades,
and marches around the country (History 2). The burning cross was simply a symbol of
intimidation. Its lighting during meetings was often accompanied by prayer and singing of hymns.
At its peak in the 1920's, Klan membership exceeded four million people nationwide. Members
were drawn from all sectors of society, and many civic leaders, politicians, and law–enforcement
officials either belonged or deferred to the Klan. The growing violence from the Klan caused wide
resentment, and by 1922 a number of anti–Klan organizations had formed all over the place. A
prominent Protestant minister, Reinhold Niebuhr spoke out against the Klan and that gained national
attention. After that, many opposing groups started speaking out against the Klan and their violent
ways. One

Lost Colony Of Roanoke Essay
What Happened to the Colony of Roanoke
America has one of the oldest unsolved mystery's dating back to 1587. To this day no one knows
exactly what happened to the lost colony of Roanoke. (History.com 1) There are several theories as
to what happened, but there is no definite proof. This is a display of the theories and history of
Roanoke. In July of 1587, 116 settlers were sent to Roanoke under John White, who was the
governor.
This was the second colony attempted at Roanoke Island, off the coast of North Carolina. The first
attempt was conducted by Sir Walter Raleigh in 1585. Raleigh soon abandoned this quest because
they had not been prepared. They returned to England in 1586. The next year John
White was put in charge of the second ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The colonist was George Howe. No one knows exactly how he died it is also a mystery. During this
time John White was asked to leave for supplies from England, by the colonists. (Miller)
Approximately 50 miles away there was another island named Hatteras. The Croatoan Indians lived
on this Island. (History.com 1) Since then their name has changed and they are now known as the
Lumbee Indians. (Waldman) History scholars say the Lumbee Indians were friendly and helped the
colonists. Archeologists have found evidence in recent years that leads to where the colonists went.
They have found artifacts from the time period of Roanoke that only the colonists could have left.
The artifacts support the theory of the colonists splitting into two groups. This evidence is not solid,
but it is a clue as to what might have happened. (Thiessen) John White had reluctantly left the
colonists for supplies in England. He did not want to leave the colonists during this time of
uncertainty. George Howe's death remained unclear. John
White instructed the colonists if you move carve on a tree where you moved too. If you are in
distress leave a cross on the tree. Relations between England and Spain were strained at

The American Civil War Was A Death Filled Four Years
The American Civil War was a death filled four years. Many people died fighting for what they
believed. The north, who won the war, got what they wanted; the south was able to keep their
property with nearly no consequences for their actions. But one group of people who fought for both
sides got nothing for their blood left on the battle field. Both the Union army and the Confederate
army promised the Native Americans who fought for them many things such as land, freedom, and
rights but did either side uphold these agreements with the Native American people? The Native
American people fought hard, and died on both sides of the war to be let down by the American
government yet again.
The American Civil war began in 1861 between the north ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
These southern states known as the Confederate states of America believed in the state's rights and
were fighting for the state's rights to support slavery.
Indian removal is still imbedded into the Native American people at this time. There was still a lot of
tension between Native's that were pro–removal, and those who were against it. For the most part,
the stance an Indian took on removal dictated where they stood on the Civil war. The pro–removal
side of Indians sided with the Confederate army, and the Indians against removal such as Chief John
Ross sided with the Union army. Many Indian tribes fought in the civil war consisting of the
Delaware, Creek, Cherokee, Seminole, Kickapoo, Seneca, Osage, Shawnee, Choctaw, Lumbee,
Chickasaw, Iroquois, Powhatan, Pequot, Ojibwa, Huron, Odawa, Potawatomi, Catawba, and
Pamunkey [City of Alexandria ].Only a few tribes fought on the side of the Confederates, which
were the Cherokee, Choctaw, Chickasaw, Seminole, Catawba, and Creek. There was roughly twenty
thousand Native American's that fought in either the Union or Confederate army's [City of
Alexandria]. No matter what side they were fighting for, Indians on both sides looked to gain the
same thing out of adding their chosen side. By fighting with the whites, Natives were looking to end
discrimination, end removal from their

Ell Increase Year After Year
ELL continue to rise year after year. In EDUC 628, the class delved into the rise of ELL in America
and how the best teaching methods to approach each learner with. Every ELL student is unique and
has different learning process. Although the semester covered a wide variety of topics ranging from
dialects to teaching methods, every module served its purpose in providing a framework for future
ELL teachers. Learning about how to teach ELL was significant to me because when I first entered
the school system in America, I was placed into ESL and I have gone through the process of many
of these teaching methods. EDUC 628 main focus was preparing students whose goal in the future
was to educate ELL. The articles and readings assigned in the class provided a funds of knowledge
going into each new lesson. Coupled with the readings, hands on activities such as the mini lessons
and designing lesson plans provided each student with experience that will reflect on their teaching
abilities in the classroom. In my paper, I will be provided a step by step synthesis of what was
learned and accomplished every week along with a brief summary of the readings. I will probe
deeper into the modules and lessons that piqued my interest the most and that also challenge my
mindset. In the first week, as an icebreaker and great example for an exercise that could be used for
ELL, Lori had us pair up and illustrate personal traits about us. Then, we shared our poster with our
partner who would later

Laurence M. Hauptman's Between Two Fires: American Indians...
The American Civil War tore apart many American lives. These people lost loved ones, had to
endure the pains of those who lost limbs, and deal with emotional needs. However American lives
were not the only ones that suffered and fought the war. American Indians served for both the North
and the South during the Civil War. There reasons was to what they could gain from the side the
chose, pride for the land they lived in, and to Indians did not have much going for them at the time.
From generals to privets they stood there ground and fought with pride. Laurence M. Hauptman tells
their story in his book Between Two Fires: American Indians in the Civil War
Indians have fought in every war from the Battle of Oriskany in 1777 to the Gulf ... Show more
Watie and his followers continued to fight for the South.
The focus is turned to the Pamunkey of Virginia and the Lumbee of North Carolina. These tribes did
not like the white supremacist attitude and served for the benefit of the North. The Pamunkey
worked as river boat pilots for General McClellan's Army during the Peninsula campaign in 1862.
The Lumbee's were fighting the Confederate Home Guard during Sherman's Carolina campaign.
Both Pamunkey and the Lumbee thought themselves as avengers to people of color.
In Mr. Hauptman book he writes of how important the Eastern Band of Cherokee and the Catawba
of South Carolina were to the Confederacy. The Cherokee had over four hundred men led by
William Holland Thomas, a white man who had been adopted by the Cherokee when he was a child.
With Thomas's leadership they prevented Union attacks along Confederate communication and rail
links. They also intimated Union supporters in east Tennessee and western North Carolina. The
Cherokees did so well that they were allowed to keep some land in western North Carolina along the
Tennessee border. The Catawba were dependent on whites and became the first to join the South as
infantrymen. They also worked to capture runaway slaves trying to make their way North. The
Indians in the Northeast join the North mostly because of dependency on the white man and out of a
since of loyalty they served as union sharpshooters most of

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