2.1 Point To Point Protocol 2.2 Point To Point Protocol Configuration & Troubleshooting

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2- Point To Point
2.1 Point To Point Protocol
2.2 Point To Point Protocol Configuration & Troubleshooting

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2.1 Point To Point Protocol

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POINTTOPOINTPROTOCOLOVERVIEW
• Data link (Layer-2) protocol used to
establish a direct connection between two
nodes
• Can provide connection authentication,
transmission encryption and compression
• Used over many types of physical networks
including serial cable, phone line, cellular
telephone, fiber optic links etc.

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POINTTOPOINTPROTOCOLOVERVIEW(cont)
• Supports PAP & CHAP authentication
• Monitors the quality of the link by
"Link Quality Management" feature
and takes the link down If detects too
much errors

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MAINPPPCOMPONENTS
• HDLC : Encapsulating the datagrams
• LCP (Link Control Protocol) : Setting up,
maintaining , terminating the link between
devices and handling verying limits on packet
size
• NCPs (Network Control Protocols) :
Establishing and configuring different network
layer protocols (IPv4,IPv6,IPX etc.)

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PPPFRAME

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ESTABLISHINGPPPSESSION– PHASE1
R1 R2
• Link establishment and configuration negotiation
• LCP opens the connection and negotiates
configuration options
• Finishes when the receiving router sends a
configuration-acknowledgment frame back to the
router initiating the connection.

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ESTABLISHINGPPPSESSION– PHASE2
R1 R2
• Link quality determination (optional)
• LCP tests the link to determine whether the link
quality is sufficient to bring up network layer
protocols

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ESTABLISHINGPPPSESSION– PHASE3
R1 R2
• Network layer protocol configuration negotiation
• After the LCP has finished the link quality
determination phase, the appropriate NCP can
separately configure the network layer protocols, and
bring them up and take them down at any time

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2.2 Point To Point Protocol Configuration

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PPPCONFIGURATIONOPTIONS
• Authentication
• Compression
• Error Detection
• PPP Callback
• Multilink

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AUTHENTICATION
• Authentication will be made by PAP
(Password Authentication Protocol) or
CHAP (Challange Handshake
Authentication Protocol)

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PAPAUTHENTICATION
• Transmits unencrypted ASCII passwords over the network
• RouterX's parameters are checked on RouterY's local
database. Communication is established If parameters are
matched
RouterX
User : RouterX
Password : Str0ngP4ss RouterY
Accept or Reject Message

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CHAPAUTHENTICATION
• RouterY sends a challange message and starts the 3 way
handshake
• RouterX responses with Username & Password
• RouterY compares the parameters on its own local and
accepts / rejects the communication
RouterX
User : RouterX
Password : Str0ngP4ss
RouterY
Accept or Reject Message
Challenge
Response

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COMPRESSION
• Increases the effective throughput on PPP
connections by reducing the amount of
data in the frame
• Stacker or Predictor protocols

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ERRORDETECTION
• Identifies fault conditions
• The Quality and Magic Number options
help ensure a reliable, loop-free data link
• The Magic Number field helps in detecting
links that are in a looped-back condition.
• Magic numbers are generated randomly at
each end of the connection.

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PPPCALLBACK
• Security in PPP can be further
augmented with the use of PPP callback
• Instructs the access server to disconnect
the incoming connection after successful
authentication and
re-establish the connection via an
outbound call

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MULTILINK
• Used to take multiple PPP links and
'bond' them together, making them act as
a single PPP link
• Provides load balancing
R1 R2
E1
E1
2xE1

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2.2 Point To Point Protocol Configuration &
Troubleshooting

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CONFIGURINGPPP
Router
s 0/3/1

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CONFIGURINGPPPMULTILINK
Router R2
Multilink 1
s 0/3/0
s 0/3/1

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VERIFYINGPPPCONFIGURATION
up up
Open

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CONFIGURINGPAP
RouterX
User : RouterX
Password : Str0ngP4ss RouterY
Accept or Reject Message
S 0/3/0 S 0/3/0

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CONFIGURINGCHAP
RouterX
User : RouterX
Password : Str0ngP4ss
RouterY
Accept or Reject Message
Challenge
Response
s 0/3/0 s 0/3/0

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TROUBLESHOOTINGPPPCONNECTION
• Authentication : Displays authentication exchange sequence
• Negotiation : Displays packets during connection establishment
• Packet : Displays PPP packets being sent & received
• Error : Displays protocol errors & error statistics
• Chap : Displays CHAP packet exchanges

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