Acid

1. ACIDS
NAYANA K
PHYSICAL SCIENCE
ROLL NO – 198
KUCTE ARYAD
04-06-2014
WEDNESDAY

2. Naming Acids
• Binary acids
– hydro (element) ic acid
– HF
• Ternary acids
– replace the anion suffix -ate with -ic
– H2SO4
– replace the anion suffix -ite with -ous
– H2SO3

3. Definitions of Acids
• Arrhenius Acids
–Ionize to form H+ in water
H2O
HCl H+
(aq) + Cl-
(aq)
• Brønsted-Lowry Acids
–Proton donor
HCl + H2O H3O+
(aq) + Cl-
(aq)
1 H+ = Monoprotic
2 H+ = Diprotic
3 H+ = Triprotic

4. ?
water hydrogen ion hydronium ion
“proton”

5. Ionization of Acids
H2SO4 + H2O
H3PO4 + H2O
3 3H3O+
(aq) + PO4
-3
(aq)
2 2H3O+
(aq) + SO4
-2
(aq)
H3O+
(aq) + CH3COO-
(aq) CH3COOH + H2O

6. Acid? Yes or No
• H3PO4
• KH
• CH3COOH
• CH3OH
• KI
An Acid must ionize
with H+ as the only
positive ion in soln

7. Acids are electrolytes
• …because they ionize in water
– The more ions, the stronger the
electrolyte
– Strong acids completely ionize
• Form lots of ions
–Weaker acids do not

8. Ka
• Acid dissociation
(ionization)
constant
• Stronger acids
– larger Ka

9. • Acids react with “active” metals
to produce H2 (g)
active = those listed above H2

10. . . . Other Acid Characteristics
• Acids change the colors of indicators
– blue litmus changes to red
• pH < 7 can be neutralized by bases
• Dilute acids taste sour
– citrus fruits (citric acid)
– vinegar (acetic acid)

11. THE END