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Acids Bases and Salts ppt.ppt
- 1.
- 2. What is anACID? • pH less than 7
- 3. What is anACID? • pH less than 7 • Neutralizes bases
- 4. What is anACID? • pH less than 7 • Neutralizes bases • Forms H + ions in solution H+ H+ H+ H+ H+ H+ H2O H2O H2O H2O H2O H2O H2O H2O H2O H2O H2O
- 5. What is anACID? • pH less than 7 • Neutralizes bases • Forms H + ions in solution • Corrosive-reacts with metals
- 6. What is anACID? • pH less than 7 • Neutralizes bases • Forms H + ions in solution • Corrosive-reacts with most metals to form hydrogen gas • Good conductors of electricity
- 7. What is anACID? • pH less than 7 • Neutralizes bases • Forms H + ions in solution • Corrosive-reacts with most metals to form hydrogen gas • Good conductors of electricity • Tastes Sour
- 8. Acids Generate Hydronium Ions HNO3+ H2O H+ + H2O + NO3 H3O+ + NO3
- 9. Weak vs. StrongAcids • Weak Acids do not ionize completely: Acetic, Boric, Nitrous, Phosphoric, Sulfurous • Strong Acids ionize completely: Hydrochloric, Nitric; Sulfuric, Hydriodic
- 10. Common Acids • HCl-hydrochloric- stomach acid • H2SO4- sulfuric acid - car batteries • HNO3 – nitric acid - explosives • HC2H3O2- acetic acid - vinegar • H2CO3- carbonic acid – sodas • H3PO4- phosphoric acid -flavorings
- 11. What is aBASE? • pH greater than 7
- 12. What is aBASE? • pH greater than 7 • Feels slippery
- 13. What is aBASE? • pH greater than 7 • Feels slippery • Tastes Bitter
- 14. What is aBASE? • pH greater than 7 • Feels slippery • Bitter Taste • Usually forms OH - ions in solution OH- H2O H2O H2O H2O H2O H2O H2O H2O H2O H2O H2O OH- OH- OH- OH- OH- OH-
- 15. What is aBASE? • pH greater than 7 • Feels slippery • Tastes Bitter • Usually forms OH - ions in solution • Neutralizes acids
- 16. What is aBASE? • pH greater than 7 • Feels slippery • Tastes Bitter • Usually forms OH - ions in solution • Neutralizes acids • Conducts Electricity
- 17. Common Bases • NaOH-sodium hydroxide (LYE) soaps, drain cleaner • Mg (OH)2 - magnesium hydroxide - antacids • Al(OH)3 - aluminum hydroxide - antacids, deodorants • NH4OH - ammonium hydroxide - “ammonia”
- 18. pH of CommonSubstances Timberlake, Chemistry 7th Edition, page 335 HCl Gastric Juice Lemon Juice Vinegar
- 19. pH of CommonSubstances Timberlake, Chemistry 7th Edition, page 335 Orange Soda Apple Tomato Coffee Soil Bread Potato Urine Milk
- 20. pH of CommonSubstances Timberlake, Chemistry 7th Edition, page 335 Pure Water
- 21. pH of CommonSubstances Timberlake, Chemistry 7th Edition, page 335 Drinking Water Blood Detergents Bile Sea Water
- 22. pH of CommonSubstances Timberlake, Chemistry 7th Edition, page 335 Milk of Magnesia Ammonia Bleach Lye (NaOH)
- 23. pH paper • pHpaper changes color to indicate a specific pH value.
- 24. Buffers • A bufferis a solution that resists changes in pH when small amounts of acids and bases are added.
- 25. Situations in whichpH is controlled • “Heartburn” • Planting vegetables and flowers • Fish Tanks and Ponds • Blood • Swimming pools
- 26. Acids and Basesin Solution • HCl + H20 H3O + + Cl- (more hydronium ions, more acidic)
- 27. Acids and Basesin Solution • HCl + H20 H3O + + Cl- (more hydronium ions, more acidic) • NaOH in water Na+ + OH- (more hydroxide ions, more basic)
- 28. Acids and Basesin Solution • HCl + H20 H3O + + Cl- (more hydronium ions, more acidic) • NaOH in water Na+ + OH- (more hydroxide ions, more basic) • HCl + NaOH NaCl + HOH Acid + Base yields type of salt and water
- 29. Neutralization Reaction • reactionof an acid with a base to produce salt and water. • Example H2SO4 + NaOH NaHSO4 + H2O
- 30. Acid Rain Pollution inthe air (sulfur dioxide, carbon dioxide, nitrogen dioxide) combines with water to form various acids. .
- 32. Rapid changes inpH can •kill organisms in lakes and streams. •can kill plants and •create sinkholes
- 35. What is aSALT? • Composed of the negative ion of an acid and the positive ion of a base. • One of the products of a Neutralization Reaction • Examples: KCl, NaCl, MgSO4, Na3PO4
- 36. Acids, Bases, andSalts The End