NANO PARTICLES FOR DRUG DELIVERY

1. NANOPARTICLES FOR DRUG DELIVERY
PRESENTED BY MOUPARNA MUDI
DEPT. OF APPLIED CHEMISTRY ,MAKAUT ,WB

2. AGENDA
 INTRODUCTION
 TYPES OF NANOPARTICLES
 NANOPARTICLES FOR DRUG DELIVERY
 DIFFERENCE BETWEEN TRADITIONAL AND NANO DRUG DELIVERY
 ADVANTAGES
 SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF TARGETED NANOPARTICLES
 PRIORITY AREAS
 RECENT DEVELOPMENTS
 CONCLUSIONS
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

3. INTRODUCTION-
 NANOPARTICLES-Nanoparticles are particles made of natural or
synthetic polymers ranging in size from 50-500 nm.
nanoparticles may find practical applications in a
variety of areas, including medicine, engineering, catalysis,
and environmental remediation.
 Drug delivery-Drug delivery is the method or process of administering
a pharmaceutical compound to achieve a therapeutic effect in humans
or animals. For the treatment of human diseases, nasal and pulmonary
routes of drug delivery are gaining increasing importance.

4. Types of nanoparticles-
there are so many types of nanoparticles but in drug delivery system some specific are
usable.which are given below-
 Gold nanoparticles for drug delivery and cancer therapy
 Ph-responsive polymer nanoparticles for drug delivery
 Mesoporous silica nanoparticles for drug delivery
 PLA nanoparticles as drug delivery for dermatotherapy

5. What and why nanoparticles are used in drug delivery system-
 High surface area to volume ratio .
 able to interact with biomolecules on the surface of cells .
 Absorbs drugs well.
 Able to diffuse through the body well.
 The use of nanoparticles allows one to change the
pharmacokinetic properties of the drug without changing
the active compound.
Advantages of nanoparticles-
 Less amount of dose required
 Reduces side effects
 Reduce toxicity
 Release drugs in controlled manner.
 Suitable encapsulation

6. Components of DDS
nano drug delivery system
Structure –
based
• Microneedle
arrays
through skin
painlessly
• Microneedle
patch for
vaccine
delivery.
Electrically-
based
• Electrically
controlled
drug delivery
nanocomposit
e composed
of graphene
oxide
deposited
inside a
conducting
polymer.
Vehicle-based
• Nanosponges
are a
promising
vehicle in
treating
cancer.
• Relesing
medication at
the tumor
site at a
steady
,controlled
site.
Tergating
strategies
• Plant virus
nanoparticles
that can
target
prostate
cancer cells.

7. Process of working of nanoperticles to targeted tissues-
Normal blood cells-
• Cell walls have tight junctions with spaces smaller than the
Nanoperticle.
• Nanoparticle carrying drug is not able to enter ,preventing
toxicity to normal tissues.
Cancerous blood cells-
• Cell walls are dilated with large gaps (200-120)&compromised
Lymphatic drainage.
• Highly permeable for nanoperticles upto 400nm to enter
And preferentially accumble at tumor sites.

8. Schemetic diagram for the development of targeted nanoperticles-
• Using a platform technology we first generate an activated nanoparticle.
• In a second reaction the targeting agent antibodies is conjugated to the outer
surface of the nanoparticle with the help of linkers.
• The nanoparticle now produced is ready for its specific target.

9. MODE OF ACTION
 targeted nanoparticle finds the specific cellular target .
 The nanoparticle binds to surface of the cell
• if the target is internalized the nanoparticle is carried to the intracellular
environment.
• If the target is not internalized the delivery system has been engineered to release
the nanoparticle
at the surface of the cell allowing for endocytosis to occur.

10. Enhanced permeability and retention effect (EPR) effect
Nanoparticle entry and accumulation in tumors PEGylated particles ,in the
desired size range
,leaks out of the microvasculature and accumulates into the tumor site.
Insufficient lymphatic drainage favors retention of PEGylated particles within
the tumor site.

11. NANOBIOPHARMACEUTICALS
Nanobiopharmaceutics is the application of nanotechnology
into the world of medicine. It is an inter-disciplinary field
involving the usage of nanoparticles to deliver biopharmaceutical
products into the body. It involves knowledge from nanobiotechnology,
biotechnology and biopharmaceutics.

12. applications of nanoparticle in drug delivery
 Cancer therapy -The type of therapy used to treat cancer patients today,
has saved lives of many individuals; however, the side effects of
treatment are harsh, affecting the entire body.
 Diagnostic testing- Recently, theranostic nanoparticles, nanoparticles
that can be used for treatment as well as diagnoses have gain much
attentionnon-specificity of the chemotherapeutic agents.
 HIV &AIDS – Nanoparticles recently used in HIV& AIDS treatment.

13. Recent developments and future scope-
Nanotechnology researchers have made novel
carbon
nanotube yarns that convert mechanical movement
into
electricity more effectively than other material-based
energy ..

14. References-
Pison U, Welte T, Giersing M, Groneberg DA: Nanomedicine for respiratory diseases.
Eu J Pharmacology 2006, 533: 341–350. 10.1016/j.ejphar.2005.12.068
Brannon-Peppase L, Blanchette JQ: Nanoparticle and targeted systems for cancer
therapy. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2004, 56(11):1649–1659. 10.1016/j.addr.2004.02.014
Stylios GK, Giannoudis PV, Wan T: Applications of nanotechnologies in medical
practice. Injury 2005, 36: S6-S13. 10.1016/j.injury.2005.10.011
Yokoyama M: Drug targeting with nano-sized carrier systems. J Artif Organs 2005,
8(2):77–84. 10.1007/s10047-005-0285-0

15. Conclusions-
nano drug delivery systems hold great potential to
overcome some of the barriers to efficient targeting
of cells and molecules in inflammation and cancer.
There also is an exciting possibility to overcome
problems of drug resistance in target cells and to
facilitating movement of drugs across barriers such
as those in the brain. The challenge, however,
remains the precise characterization of molecular
targets and to ensure that these molecules are
expressed only in the targeted organs to prevent
effects on healthy tissues.

16. Acknowledgement –
I would like to be very thankful to my guide ,project incharge DR.ARIJIT BAG sir, my
HOD and all my respective professors for supporting me to complete my project
work.