A LESSON ON PASTS OF SPEECH FOR THE GRADE 10S; JUST A REMINDER OF WHAT THEY DID IN THE PAST YEARS

1. GRAMMAR MADE EASY
BY
MS K.R. MATSHITSE
(GRADE 10 ENGLISH TEACHER)
A LESSON ON PASTS OF SPEECH FOR THE
GRADE 10S; JUST A REMINDER OF WHAT THEY
DID IN THE PAST YEARS.

2. WHAT ARE PARTS OF SPEECH
 Traditional grammar classifies words based on eight parts of speech:
the verb, the noun, the pronoun, the adjective, the adverb, the
preposition, the conjunction, and the interjection.
 Each part of speech explains not what the word is, but how the word
is used. In fact, the same word can be a noun in one sentence and a
verb or adjective in the next. The next few examples show how a
word's part of speech can change from one sentence to the next,
and following them is a series of sections on the individual parts of
speech, followed by an exercise.

3. A word that expresses action or
otherwise helps to make a
statement
EVERY SENTENCE MUST HAVE A
VERB SHOWING THERES AN

4. Kinds of Verbs
 Action verbs express mental
or physical action.
 Linking verbs make a
statement by connecting
the subject with a word
that describes or explains it.
He rode the horse
to victory.
He has been sick.

5. Helping Verbs
-Definition: Helping Verbs help the main verb express action or a state of being.
-Examples: can, do, has, might, should, and could.
Please, can you
cut the cake
now?
Hey! You should put the toys
in the box.

6. Modifies or describes a
noun or pronoun.
.
Answers these questi

7. Demonstrative Adjectives and
Articles
-Demonstrative Adjective:
-Definition: A demonstrative adjective is an adjective modifies a noun or
pronoun.
-Example:
-Did Jenifer draw this one or that one?
-Let’s take these sandwiches and those apples on our
picnic.
-Articles:
-Definition: An Indefinite Article is when they refer to any member of a group.
-Examples:
-A girl won.
-The one day sale is on Saturday.

8. Modifies or describes
a verb, an adjective,
or another adverb.
Answers the questi
He ran quickly.
She left yesterday.
We went there.
It was too hot! To what degree or how mu

9. Interrogative
Adverbs
introduce questions
How did you break
your leg?
How often
do you run?
Where did you put
the mouse trap?

10. A word or word group that is used to name a person, place, thing, or an idea.
-Examples: Ms. Bohac, Ocotillo Wells, Rope, and
book.

11. Kinds of Nouns
Common Nouns
boy
girl
Proper Nouns
John
Mary
Singular Nouns
boy
girl
Plural Nouns
boys
girls
Singular Possessive
boy’s
girl’s
Plural Possessive
boys’
girls’

12. Common Nouns vs. Proper Nouns
Common Noun:
-Definition: A common noun names any one of a group or persons,
places, things, or ideas and is generally not capitalized.
-Examples: Book, school, marker, computer, phone, and backpack.
Proper Noun:
-Definition: A proper noun names a particular person, place, thing, or
idea, and is capitalized.
-Examples: Holt Handbook, West Valley High School, Mac computer,
IPhone, and Jansport backpack.

13. PRONOUNS
- Definition: A word that is used in place of one or more nouns or
pronouns.
-Examples: I, they, your, our, she, we, them, he, us, him, his, their,
them, and its.
They are playing all
together.
He is playing
with the train.
Is she sleeping in her bed?

14. Personal Pronoun
-Definition: A personal pronoun refers to the one speaking is
first person, the one spoken to is second person, or the one
being spoken to is third person.
-First Person: I, me, my, mine, we, us, ours, our.
-Second person: you, yours, your.
-Third person: He, him his, she, her, hers, it, its, they, them, their,
theirs.
They are playing
jump rope.
You click the
icon to open
the game.
Look, I am good
at reading!

15. Demonstrative And
Interrogative Pronouns-Demonstrative Pronouns:
-Definition: A demonstrative pronoun is used to point our a specific
person, place, thing, or idea.
-Examples: This, That, These, Those.
-Interrogative Pronouns:
-Definition: An interrogative pronoun introduces a question.
-Examples: Who, whom, which, what, whose.
I think this paper
is good enough.
Hmmm, who is
in my class?

16. Indefinite Pronouns
anybody
each
either
none
someone, one, etc.

17. Preposition
Definition: A word that shows the relationship of a noun or a pronoun
to another word.
-Examples: Aboard, below, from, since, about, beneath, throughout,
concerning, past, and without.
They are aboard the
train.This guy
is from
history.

18. CONJUNCTION
-Definition: A word that joins word or words groups.
Decide whether to stay or go.
Coordinating Conjunctions:
-Examples: And, but, or nor, for yet so.
-Examples: You are supposed to walk on the street or the sidewalk.
Correlative Conjunctions:
-Examples: Both…and, Not only…but also, Whether…or.
-Example: Both Jim and Roberto were standing outside.

19. INTERJECTION
A word that expresses emotion.
An interjection has no grammatical relation to the rest of the
sentence.
-Examples: Crap! Wow! Yuck! Yippee! Uh-oh! Well!
WEEE! I’m
Swinging!
YUCK! This
is nasty!
OWW! This Hurts.

20. That’s all for now.
. .
More Later

21. REFFERENCES
 www.tolearnenglish.com
 www.english.language.ru
 http://www.uottawa.ca/academic/arts/writcent/hypergra
mmar/partsp.html
 http://www.slideshare.net/Divzy/parts-of-speech-
5557706