Difference between Romanticism and Classicism

1. Literary Theory or Criticism:
Western Poetics-1
Prepared By
Makwana Monika
Department of English

2. • Difference between classicism andDifference between classicism and
RomanticismRomanticism
 Name: Makwana MonikaName: Makwana Monika
 Paper-3: Literary Criticism or Theory: Western -1Paper-3: Literary Criticism or Theory: Western -1
 Topic: Difference between classicism andTopic: Difference between classicism and
RomanticismRomanticism
 Roll No: 28Roll No: 28
 Course; M.A.Course; M.A.
 Enrolment No:Enrolment No:
 Email I’d:Email I’d: makwanamonika76@gmail.commakwanamonika76@gmail.com
 Institute: smt.S.B.Department of EnglishInstitute: smt.S.B.Department of English

3. • Definition of Romanticism andDefinition of Romanticism and
ClassicismClassicism
 ClassicismClassicism
 A movement in art andA movement in art and
literature during the 17literature during the 17thth
andand
1818thth
centuries in Europe thatcenturies in Europe that
fevered rationality and restraintfevered rationality and restraint
and strict forms.and strict forms.
 RomanticismRomanticism
 A movement in art andA movement in art and
literature which originated inliterature which originated in
the late 18the late 18thth
century,century,
emphasizing inspiration,emphasizing inspiration,
subjectivity and the primacy ofsubjectivity and the primacy of
the individual.the individual.

4. • characteristicscharacteristics
Intellect and imaginationIntellect and imagination
Restriction and libertyRestriction and liberty
Classical and medieval writerClassical and medieval writer
Urban and rustic lifeUrban and rustic life
Subjectivity and objectivitySubjectivity and objectivity

5. omantic Age Classical Ageomantic Age Classical Age
 Romantic periodRomantic period
 ArtisticArtistic
 IntellectualIntellectual
 Literary movementLiterary movement
 Reaction of theReaction of the
French revolutionFrench revolution
 Late 18Late 18thth
century incentury in
EuropeEurope
 1800 to 18501800 to 1850
 Neo-Classical periodNeo-Classical period
 AncientAncient
 ImaginativeImaginative
 Cultural historyCultural history
 Civilization of ancientCivilization of ancient
Greece and RomeGreece and Rome
 Originated in late 18Originated in late 18thth
centurycentury
 1730 to 18201730 to 1820

6. • Romanticism in LiteratureRomanticism in Literature
 Romanticism in literature started in the late eighteenth centuryRomanticism in literature started in the late eighteenth century
 In literature, romanticism was dominated by William WordsworthIn literature, romanticism was dominated by William Wordsworth
and Samuel Taylor Coleridgeand Samuel Taylor Coleridge
 In 1798 Coleridge and Wordsworth published a joint volume ofIn 1798 Coleridge and Wordsworth published a joint volume of
poetry called Lyrical Ballads and in doing so launched the Englishpoetry called Lyrical Ballads and in doing so launched the English
romantic movement.romantic movement.
 Wordsworth felt the imagination could take the experiences ofWordsworth felt the imagination could take the experiences of
everyday men and women and turn them into arteveryday men and women and turn them into art
 Wordsworth defends the romantic poet’s reliance on personalWordsworth defends the romantic poet’s reliance on personal
feeling like Rousseau, claims that human beings have becomefeeling like Rousseau, claims that human beings have become
too distant from their naturetoo distant from their nature

7. • Classicism in LiteratureClassicism in Literature
 Classicism is a specific genre of literatureClassicism is a specific genre of literature
which has Greek and Roman influencewhich has Greek and Roman influence
 Had an emphasis on society, theHad an emphasis on society, the
enlightenment, and the age of reasonenlightenment, and the age of reason
 Is a self conscious reference to the idea ofIs a self conscious reference to the idea of
axiomatic logic in the creation of a discipline,axiomatic logic in the creation of a discipline,
and the ideals of balance, proportion andand the ideals of balance, proportion and
moderationmoderation

8. Classicism vs RomanticismClassicism vs Romanticism
 Greek or RomanGreek or Roman
influenceinfluence
 SocietySociety
 ReasonReason
 IntellectIntellect
 Ruling andRuling and
RestrainedRestrained
 Urban or city lifeUrban or city life
 ObjectiveObjective
 Medieval or OrientalMedieval or Oriental
influenceinfluence
 IndividualIndividual
 Creativity and feelingCreativity and feeling
 ImaginationImagination
 Freedom and libertyFreedom and liberty
 Rustic or rural lifeRustic or rural life
 subjectivesubjective

9. • Difference between classicism andDifference between classicism and
romanticismromanticism
 ClassicismClassicism
 Believed that nature couldBelieved that nature could
be rationalized andbe rationalized and
therefore, completelytherefore, completely
understoodunderstood
 Believed that man shouldBelieved that man should
conform to universalconform to universal
though and ideathough and idea
 Believed in endlessBelieved in endless
possibilities which manpossibilities which man
could change the world andcould change the world and
they embraced themthey embraced them
 RomanticismRomanticism
 Believed that nature was aBelieved that nature was a
force that could never be fullyforce that could never be fully
understoodunderstood
 Believed that they shouldBelieved that they should
embrace their own individualembrace their own individual
innovationsinnovations
 Believed that held upBelieved that held up
importance of adhering to whatimportance of adhering to what
has already been said andhas already been said and
done and mastering only thosedone and mastering only those
ideasideas

10. • Notable Romantic and classicalNotable Romantic and classical
poetpoet
 William blackWilliam black
 William ShakespeareWilliam Shakespeare
 William WordsworthWilliam Wordsworth
 Samuel Taylor ColeridgeSamuel Taylor Coleridge
 Percy Bysshe ShelleyPercy Bysshe Shelley
 John KeatsJohn Keats
 Lord ByronLord Byron
 Felicia Dorothea HemansFelicia Dorothea Hemans
 Anna Laetitia BarbauldAnna Laetitia Barbauld
 Charlotte Turner SmithCharlotte Turner Smith
 Mary RobinsonMary Robinson
 Hannah MoreHannah More
 Joanna BaillieJoanna Baillie
 AristotleAristotle
 PlatoPlato
 SecretesSecretes
 John DrydenJohn Dryden
 Geoffrey ChaucerGeoffrey Chaucer
 Ben JonsonBen Jonson
 Lao TzuLao Tzu
 Christopher MarloweChristopher Marlowe
 John MiltonJohn Milton
 Alexander popeAlexander pope
 John DonneJohn Donne
 Anne BradstreetAnne Bradstreet
 HomerHomer
 Andrew MarvellAndrew Marvell

11. • Romantic PoemsRomantic Poems
 The Marriage of Heaven and HellThe Marriage of Heaven and Hell
 The PreludeThe Prelude
 The Rime of the AncientThe Rime of the Ancient
 Childe Harold’s PigrimageChilde Harold’s Pigrimage
 Ode to the west windOde to the west wind
 AdonailsAdonails
 My heart leaps upMy heart leaps up
 Frost at midnightFrost at midnight
 The Yellowhammer’s NestThe Yellowhammer’s Nest
 Mont BlancMont Blanc
 To skylarkTo skylark

12. • Classical PoemsClassical Poems
 UlyssesUlysses
 Sailing to ByzantiumSailing to Byzantium
 Sonnet 29Sonnet 29
 Mending WallMending Wall
 Pioneers! O Pioneers!Pioneers! O Pioneers!
 On the Stork TowerOn the Stork Tower
 The buildersThe builders
 The SoldierThe Soldier
 IlliadIlliad
 OdysseyOdyssey
 TelegonyTelegony