this prisent a brief presentation about piezoelectricity generator and piezo matiriel and some applications

1. Piezoelectricity andapplication
Republic of Tunisia
University of Sousse
Higher Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology
Academic year: 2017/2018
Elaborated by: TALBI Malak
ELAGUECH Mohamed Amin

2. Outline
Introduction
What is piezoelectricity ?
Piezoelectric materials
Application fields
Conclusion

3. Introduction
• Piezoelectric effect was first discovered in the year of 1880 by the French
Physicist brothers Pierre and Jacques Curie
Quartz crystals
• The word “piezoelectricity” is derived from a Greek word “pizo” or “piezein”
which means to squeeze or press

4. Motivation
 Energy harvesting
the process by which energy is derived from external sources (e.g., solar power, thermal energy, wind
energy…), captured, and stored for small, wireless autonomous devices, like those used in wearable
electronics and wireless sensor networks.
• Two categories of energy harvesting
Macro energy harvesting
Micro energy harvesting
Piezoelectric energy harvesting come under the micro energy
harvesting category

5. Outline
Introduction
What is piezoelectricity ?

6. What is piezoelectricity ?
• Piezoelectricity is a concept of conversion of mechanical
energy to electrical energy and vice versa
Direct piezoelectric effect
Reverse piezoelectric effect

7. Piezoelectric materialsWhat is piezoelectricity ?
• Simple molecular model of a molecule of a
piezoelectric material
Before subjecting the materiel to an external stress:
• The centre of the negative and the positive charges
of each molecule coincide
• The external effect of the charge are reciprocally cancelled
As a result an electrically neuter molecule appears

8. Piezoelectric materialsWhat is piezoelectricity ?
• Molecule under pressure
After exercising some pressure on the materiel :
• The internal stricture is deformed
• That causes the separation of the negative and
positive centre of the molecule
As a result, little dipoles are generated

9. Outline
Introduction
What is piezoelectricity ?
Piezoelectric materials

10. Piezoelectric materials
• The interesting thing about Piezoelectricity is both natural and synthetic materials are
available.
o Naturally materials:
Biological material
Non Biological material
o synthetic materials:
Synthetic Crystals
Synthetic Ceramics
Lead-free Ceramics

11. Application fields
 Quartz(SiO2)
 Berlinite (AlPO4)
 Sucrose (table sugar)
 Rochelle salt
 Topaz(Al2SiO4(F,OH)2)
 Tourmaline-group minerals
• Lead titanate (PbTiO3)
Non-biological Biological material
 Dry Bone
 Tendon
 Silk
 Wood
 Enamel
 Dentin
Piezoelectric materials

12. Synthetic materials:
Synthetic Crystals
 Gallium orthophosphate (GaPO4)
 Langasite (La3Ga5SiO14)
Synthetic Ceramics
 Barium titanate (BaTiO3)
 Lead zirconate titanate
 Potassium niobate (KNbO3)
 Lithium niobate (LiNbO3)
 Lithium tantalate (LiTaO3)
 Sodium tungstate
Lead-free Ceramics
 Bismuth ferrite (BiFeO3)
 Sodium niobate (NaNbO3)
 Bismuth titanate(Bi4Ti3O12)
Piezoelectric materials

13. Outline
Introduction
What is piezoelectricity ?
Piezoelectric materials
Application fields

14. Application fields
• There is a wide range of applications :
• Piezoelectronics is experiencing the fastest growth due to the
intrinsic characteristics of piezoelectric materials
o High Voltage Power Source
o Sensors and actuators
o Piezoelectric motor
o Energy harvesting

15. Application fields
High Voltage Power Source
• Some piezoelectric substances like quartz can generate potential differences of thousand
volts during sufficient mechanical stress is applied.
o Generate spark
o Micro scale energy harvesting
o Piezoelectric transformer
• This high voltage pulse can be used:
Doesn’t require any power source like battery
High voltage pulse can be generated
without any electrical instrument.
Voltages only can be produced in form of pulses

16. Application fields
Sensors and actuators
• Piezoelectric sensors are versatile tools for the measurement of various processes.
 Quality assurance  Process control  Research development in many industries
• After 1950 piezoelectric effect was started to be used as sensors and transducers.
• Some of the examples of piezo sensors:
 High precision piezoelectric microphones
 Electric guitar pickup
 Piezoelectric micro balance
 Pressure sensors
 Accelerometer

17. Application fields
Piezoelectric motor
• A piezoelectric motor or piezo motor is a type of electric motor based on the change in shape of a
piezoelectric material when an electric field is applied
When power is being applied on the piezo element and the shape is stretch out
o Movement of camera lens
• Piezoelectric motors are used in sigh precision rotation and linear movement such as:
o Rotation of radar
o Very small scale valve control
o Laser movement in case of biomedical modern operations

18. Application fields
Piezoelectric motor
Negligible effect from external magnetic
or radioactive fields and also no generation
of these fields
High resolution and high accuracy
Rapid response: dynamic range of 4kHz
Wide range of angular steps and
angular velocities
Advantages Disadvantages
Necessity for a high frequency power supply
Large scale devices are impossible

19. Application fields
 Energy harvesting
• Human civilization needs development of technology which needs more energy production
• Renewable energy sources are now being encouraged because they are pollution free.
• When we go for small scale energy generation battery comes first
Chemical powered and causes harm to our environment
• To resolve such problems:
Energy harvesting technique is proposed as the best alternative
!

20. Application fields
o Power generating sidewalk:
• When we walk we create vibrations, charging pads
under the cross walk collect energy from these
vibrations
• Energy generated by that piezoelectric panels can
charge batteries (which can be used further)

21. Application fields
o Did you know that you can produce electricity by just walking?
 Smart Shoes! it is innovative and eco friendly task.
Generating an electric voltage Charging an inside shoes
battery and store energy from
the piezo element
Charging mobile phone or any
electronic gadget

22. Outline
Introduction
What is piezoelectricity ?
Piezoelectric materials
Application fields
Conclusion

23. Conclusion
• we can find the use of piezoelectricity not only in every individual
houses but in many industries, aeronautics, automobiles….
• Moving forward to eco-friendly energies is really crucial for our
environment:
Tunisian industries should take a step towards it

24. Thank you for
your attention !