This document provides an overview of church history from the Apostolic Era (33-100 AD) to the Ante-Nicene Era (100-325 AD). It describes the authority and ministry of the apostles, the growth of the early Christian church, and the environment of the Roman Empire. It also discusses heretical movements like Gnosticism and challenges faced by the church such as Roman imperial persecutions during this time period.

1. Church History

7. Navigational Destiny of Church History

8. Navigational Landmarks for Church History NAVIGATIONAL LANDMARKS HOW TO: KINGDOM OF MAN KINGDOM OF GOD EPISTEMOLOGY KNOW TRUTH REASON FAITH COSMOLOGY RULE THE EARTH EVOLUTION CREATION SOTERIOLOGY SAVE MAN HUMANISM EVANGELISM

9. The Apostolic Era 33-100 AD

24. Early Christian Communities

27. The Ante-Nicene Era 100-325 AD

31. Apologetical and Polemical Fathers 125-250 AD Apologetical Fathers Polemical Fathers Generally = new converts from paganism Generally = more extensive background in Christianity Tended to address pagans and rulers focusing more on a reasoned response to pagan objections to Christianity in the hope of gaining tolerance Addressed more to heretics with a focus on condemning heretical “Christian” teachings by deviant groups More concerned with persecution Less and less concerned with persecution as time passed; more concerned with heresy Emphasized OT Increasing appeal made to authority of NT

32. In Defense of the Faith Ante-Nicean Church Fathers

47. Position Chief Proponent Distinguishing Belief Arian Arius Jesus of a different ( heteros ) substance ( ousios ) than Father Semi-Arian Eusebius of Caesarea Jesus of a similar substance ( homoiousios ) as the Father Orthodox Athanasius Jesus of same substance ( homoousios ) as the Father

52. The Post-Nicene Era 325-590 AD

55. Division of the Roman Empire

59. When Giants Walked the Land Jerome Augustine ● Hippo Rome ● ● Milan Ambrose John Chrysostom Basil of Caesarea Gregory of Nyssa Athanasius ● Alexandria Gregory of Nazianzus Martin of Tours

62. John Chrysostom

63. Chrysostom 347-407 AD

65. When Giants Walked the Land Jerome Augustine ● Hippo Rome ● ● Milan Ambrose John Chrysostom Basil of Caesarea Gregory of Nyssa Athanasius ● Alexandria Gregory of Nazianzus Martin of Tours

68. Jerome

70. Augustine

75. The “Dark” Medieval Era 500-1000 AD

76. Barbarian Invasions

79. Hagia Sophia

80. Hagia Sophia (interior)

89. The Islamic Empire

91. Byzantine Empire’s Missionary Expansion to the North

94. Evangelism of Barbarians

100. Europe (600 A.D.)

102. Bede

105. Charlemagne (768-814)

107. The Carolingian Empire

110. The “High” Medieval Era 1000-1300 AD

117. Crusader’s Fortress

118. The Crusader States

120. Romanesque Architecture

122. Gothic Architecture

128. Thomas Aquinas ( ca. 1224-1274)

130. The “Late” Medieval Era (1300-1500)

132. The Late Medieval Papacy Boniface VIII (1294-1303) Benedict XI (1303-4) Beginning of the Avignon Papacy Clement V (1305-14) John XXII (1316-34) Benedict XII (1334-42) Clement VI (1342-52) Innocent VI (1352-62) Urban V (1362-70) Gregory XI (1370-78) The Papal Schism Roman Popes Pisan Popes Avignon Popes Urban VI (1378-89) Clement VII (1378-94) Boniface IX (1389-1404) Innocent VII (1404-6) Alexander V (1409-10) Gregory XII (1406-15) John XXIII (1410-15) Benedict XIII (1394-1423) COUNCIL OF CONSTANCE REUNITES PAPACY (1415-1417) The Renaissance Papacy Martin V (1417-31) through Leo X (1513-21)

139. Printing Press

141. John Wyclif (d. 1384)

142. Wyclif Sends Out Preachers

144. John Hus (1369-1415)

146. Girolamo Savonarola (1452-1498)

156. Vatican City

157. Letter of Indulgence

158. The Reformation Era 1517-1600

159. Europe, 1500

162. Martin Luther (1483-1546)

165. Castle Church, Wittenburg

170. Pope Leo X

171. St. Peter’s Basilica

178. “ Table Talk”

182. Philip Melanchthon (1497-1560)

185. Luther’s Grave

186. Martin Luther (sometime after abandoning asceticism for Katie’s cooking)

187. Ulrich Zwingli (1484-1531)

189. Jean Calvin (1509-1564)

194. Guillaume Farel

195. St. Peter’s Cathedral, Geneva

198. TOPIC LUTHER CALVIN Lord’s Supper Consubstantiation – actual bodily presence of Christ in the elements Spiritual Presence – elements serve as a sign of the presence of Christ Baptism Infant baptism practiced – immersion preferred but seldom practiced Infant baptism practiced – immersion preferred but seldom practiced Worship Retained RC forms unless the Bible strictly forbid them. Promoted congregational hymn singing. Preaching was central. Worship forms permitted only if they were found in the Bible. Congregational singing had to be Psalms. Preaching was central. Church & State State has extensive powers over Church. Head of state is head of Church. State must submit to the Church which has extensive powers over everyone. Occupation Professor who was a popular preacher Preacher who became a popular professor Theology Augustinian, stressing justification of sinners by faith alone in Christ alone. Predestination to salvation and damnation. Augustinian, emphasizing the sovereignty and glory of God. Predestination to salvation and damnation. Bible Translator Bible translated for the sake of the common man into German Bible translated for the sake of the common man into French

200. William Tyndale

201. Martyrdom of Tyndale

202. King Henry VIII

206. John Knox ( ca. 1513-1572)

215. The Roman Catholic Counter-Reformation

216. Humanists: The Silent Players

218. Reformation Monument

219. Barbarian Invasions