LoRaWAN and 3GPP technologies cover all Industrial IoT use cases

Copyright ©Actility - Confidential
How well does LoRaWAN and Mobile
IoT Complement each other?
Olivier Hersent,
Founder & CTO,
Actility
Rohit Gupta,
Product Manager,
Actility
Ronan Le Bras,
Head of Technical
Strategy, Orange

Introduction - Olivier
• The business case for LPWAN
• LoRaWAN Overview
• Mobile IoT Overview
How to map use case to connectivity? - Rohit
• IoT Use Case Considerations
• Summary of 3GPP Vs LoRaWAN Comparison
• How is Actility combining 3GPP and LoRaWAN into ThingPark Wireless?
Orange LPWAN Strategy - Ronan
• Orange Strategy to combine LoRaWAN and Mobile IoT
Agenda

Copyright ©Actility - ConfidentialCopyright ©Actility - Confidential
Why all the buzz ?
IoT market overview and segmentation

Convergence of IoT ISM band technologies to LPWAN
4 billion LPWA connected devices worldwide by 2023
Battery life
Range
BLE, Z-Wave,
W-Mbus…
WIFI
Legacy Cellular
(2G, 3G, 4G)
LPWA: LoRaWAN,
CIoT: LTE-M, NB-IOT
Source : Machina Research 2016
❖ With Cost, Battery and Range constraints solved, LPWAN technology is driving massive IoT growth
❖ Current short range ISM band technologies will converge towards LPWAN technology.
❖ LoRaWAN best positioned to capture the short range ISM band market segment.
❖ Opportunity for MNOs to capture and monetise short range technologies with LoRaWAN

LoRaWAN Overview
6

LoRaWAN Network Architecture 7
Up to 15 km range
Network Server
OSS /
Supervision
Apps
Designed for billions of
objects
Low battery consumption
10+ years life
Low deployment cost,
unlicensed spectrum,
minimal network planning
Multiplier effect with
every base station,
Macro-diversity
NS-AS
API
AS
AES Secured Payload

• Long Range Architecture + Asynchronous access is most suited for low
power applications
LoRaWAN Device Classes
Source: LoRa Alliance

LoRa RSSI
1000-2000m
WiFi
20-40m
LoRaWAN Geolocation comparison with other technologies
LoRa TDoA
20-200m
Cost
BLE
1-7m
GPS
1-15m
€
€€€
months
LoRaWAN provides a cost efficient solution to retrieve and rely on information provided by multiple geolocation
technologies, thus allowing to reach the best trade-off between cost, required accuracy and device battery life
9
AGPS
10-18m
Size of the circle denotes accuracy
1. LoRaWAN TDOA/RSSI
• Lowest cost solution. Works natively with any
LoRaWAN sensor
• LoRaWAN enables long battery life use cases
• TDOA: 20-200m accuracy range depending on
conditions
• RSSI: 1000-2000m accuracy
2. WiFi Location
• Cost efficient solution for outdoor and indoor solution
• Accuracy increases with hotspot density
3. BLE
• Requires a BLE beaconing system
• Indoor solution
4. GPS/AGPS
• 1 GPS adds $5-$10 to the BOM
• Most accurate but power consuming solution
• AGPS brings battery consumption improvement
• GPS does not work indoors
Key geolocation technologies
Battery life
years

Multicast
3GPP support for multicast is
only after Rel 14
Source:
https://www.qualcomm.com/news/onq/
2017/06/15/lte-iot-starting-connect-
massive-iot-today-thanks-emtc-and-nb-
iot
LoRaWAN natively supports
multicast/FUOTA in LoRaWAN 1.0.x
Benefits
❏ Minimize DL radio congestion for class B
& C devices
❏ Dynamic session setup allows optimized
Class A device power consumption
❏ Dynamic Multicast assignment is being
developed
Use cases enabled
★ Power efficient device FW upgrade over
the air
★ Massive Device Reconfiguration
★ Synchronized device activation
★ Emergency actions

Cellular IoT Overview
11

● LTE Cat-M1 (1.4 MHz)
○ Full Duplex (UL/DL): 1 Mbps
○ Half Duplex (UL/DL): 375 kbps
● LTE Cat-NB1 (180 kHz)
○ Data Rate (UL/DL): 250 kbps
● Modem design with reduced
complexity and cost
● Enhanced Features for IoT
○ PSM
○ eDRX
○ Support for NIDD
LTE-A LTE Cat-1 LTE-M NB-IoT
Battery
Life
Days Years
LPWAN LTE
Cellular IoT Overview

Current/Power efficiency (24-44 mA)
<50 kbps
Enterprise/smart city
Dense sensor deployment
Scarce / Nation wide
Module cost (high vol) <2 (+4)USD <6 (+10)USD <20USD
<250 kbps
<1 Mbps
<5 Mbps
Bitrate
(uplink)
LTE cat 4
LTE cat 1
LTE-M
LTE NB-IoT
Lora
<10USD
(74-220 mA)
For LPWA solutions (LoRa and NB1), battery for 10yr @ 4USD/2Ah, 10msg/day is shown.
NB1 power use per 3GPP report R1 156006, 5Wh for 10yr, 1 msg/2h scenario
LPWA Market Segmentation
13
(100-490 mA)
<375 kbps

How to Map Use Cases to Connectivity?
14

IoT Use Case Considerations
Security
TCO
Battery
Lifetime
Capacity/
Data Rate/
Latency
Private
Enterprise
NetworksMobility
Ecosystem
Maturity
Coverage
Deployment
Model
How to Map
Use Case to
Right
Connectivity
Solution?

Coverage
16

Link Budget Comparison for LoRaWAN Vs Mobile IoT
*Link budget calculation for 3GPP Cat-M1 is based on different assumptions, as shown in the table
Source: https://www.sierrawireless.com/resources/white-paper/coverage-analysis-lte-m-cat-m1/
** 164 dB Link Budget for NB-IoT is reached using 64 repetitions
Max Tx Power
(dBm)
Link Budget (dB) or
MCL
LoRaWAN (EU 868 MHz) 16.0 dBm 161.5
LoRaWAN (India 865 Mhz) 30 dBm 175.5
LoRaWAN (US 915 MHz) 30 dBm 170.2
LoRaWAN (China 470
MHz)
12.15 dBm 164.65
LTE Cat-M1 (Option 1*) 20 dBm 155.7
LTE Cat-M1 (Option 2*) 23 dBm 160.7
LTE Cat NB-IoT 23 dBm 164 (**)
Sigfox (UNB) 16.0 dBm 160
LoRAWAN is similar
to NB-IoT and better
than LTE Cat-M1 and
it depends on region

QoS
18

Mobile IoT
• Licensed Spectrum
• Interference only from its
own deployment (reuse 1)
• Densification of network
required using small cells as
traffic grows
• Cost of Small-Cells incl.
Backhaul (~5k USD)1
QoS Paradigm Comparison between LoRaWAN and Mobile IoT
LoRaWAN
• Unlicensed Spectrum
• Interference from its own
deployment + other technologies
• Densification of network (Macro-
Diversity + ADR)
• Cost of Pico-Cell incl. backhaul
(3G/4G/LTE-M) (~300 USD)
• LoRaWAN can achieve controlled
QoS with densification
1:http://www.senzafiliconsulting.com/Portals/0/docs/Repo
rts/SenzaFili_SmallCellWiFiTCO.pdf

LoRaWAN Vs Mobile IoT
Power Consumption
20

Synchronized RF PHY energy
• LoRaWAN is asynchronous
• Device (class A) sends/receives only when needed
• LTE-M/NB-IoT is synchronous
• Device has to wake up periodically to synchronize to the network
LoRaWAN Class A LTE NB1

NB-IoT/Cat-M1 Vs LoRa Current Consumption
TX Current RX Current Idle Current Sleep Current
LoRaWAN [3]
TX Power=14 dBm (EU
Regulations)
24-44 mA 12 mA 1.4mA 0.1uA
NB-IoT
(* U-Blox Sara-N2 [2])
74-220 mA 46 mA 6mA 3 uA
LTE Cat-M1
(* U-blox Sara-R4 [1])
100-490 mA
*(not
specified)
9 mA 8uA
[1] Sara R4-Series Data sheet, LTE Cat-M1 / NB1 modules. https://www.u-
blox.com/sites/default/files/SARA-R4_DataSheet_%28UBX-16024152%29.pdf
[2] SARA N2-Series Data Sheet, LTE Cat-NB1 modules. https://www.u-
blox.com/sites/default/files/SARA-N2_DataSheet_%28UBX-15025564%29.pd
[3] Semtech SX1272/73 Datasheet (860 MHz to 1020 MHz Low Power Long Range Transceiver)
http://www.semtech.com/images/datasheet/sx1272.pdf
NB-IoT Current Consumption is 3-5X higher than LoRaWAN

NB-IoT Vs LoRaWAN Airtime Comparison (50 Byte UL, No DL)
MCL/
(LoRaWAN
SF)
144 dB / (SF7)
(Cell Center)
154 dB / (SF9) 164 dB / (SF12)
(Cell Edge)
Tx (ms) Rx (ms) Idle(ms) Tx (ms) Rx(ms) Idle(ms) Tx(ms) Rx (ms) Idle(ms)
LoRaWAN
118 65 1500 367 238 1500 2793 1725 1500
NB-IoT
([1])
49 388 22223 311 565 22451 2190 2672 23387
[1] RAN1#82-BIS. NB-IOT - Battery lifetime evaluation
https://portal.3gpp.org/ngppapp/CreateTdoc.aspx?mode=view&c
ontributionId=659236
NB-IoT Spends significant time in Idle/RX states
compared to LoRaWAN due to synchronous nature
of the protocol which negatively impacts battery life

NB-IoT Vs LoRaWAN (Energy Comparison, 50 Byte UL, No DL)
MCL/
(LoRaWAN SF)
144 dB / (SF7)
(Cell Center)
154 dB / (SF9) 164 dB / (SF12)
(Cell Edge)
Energy of
1 msg
(Joule)
Sleep
Energy/day
(Joule)
Energy of
1 msg
(Joule)
Sleep
Energy/day
(Joule)
Energy of
1 msg
(Joule)
Sleep
Energy/day
(Joule)
LoRaWAN [2] 0.03 0.03 0.07 0.03 0.42 0.03
NB-IoT [1] 0.13 1.3 0.29 1.3 1.50 1.3
Energy of 1 message includes energy in (TX+RX+Idle States)
[1] RAN1#82-BIS. NB-IOT - Battery lifetime evaluation
https://portal.3gpp.org/ngppapp/CreateTdoc.aspx?mode=view&contributionId=659236
[2] Semtech 1272 Datasheet, http://www.semtech.com/images/datasheet/sx1272.pdf

• Assuming Perfect battery with
linear decay without impact of
peak current on capacity
• LoRaWAN is 3-5X more power
efficient (especially at Cell
Edge/Poor Coverage Scenarios)
• LoRaWAN is best suited for
very small infrequent messages
due to its simple and
asynchronous nature
• NB-IoT/Cat-M1 is most suited
for premium high-bandwidth
applications
Battery Lifetime Comparison

Peak current impact on battery lifetime
26
Impact of current on usable capacity
From technical specification of ER14505M Lithium-thionyl Chloride Spiral Battery
Battery chemistry and IoT :
- LiPo (used in mobile phones) : Not
possible due to ~2% self discharge rate
per month.
- Alkaline : OK but internal resistance
increases towards end of lifetime (cannot
accommodate high to peak current and
long lifetime) and at low temperatures.
- Lithium-Thionyl-Chloride (LTC) : more
expensive, self-discharge about 3%/year
(requires 2x the usable capacity for 15
years lifetime). Peak-current also impacts
capacity.
- Coin cell (Wearables) : only suitable for
LoRaWAN. They cannot provide high
peak current for NB-IoT/LTE-M
LTE Cat-M1, Cat-NB1 LoRaWAN

Impact of power consumption for cell-edge users
(NB-IoT Vs Cat-M1)
Average device power consumption per day for UEs with MCL
above 150 dB. (Rural scenario) [1]
[1] http://vbn.aau.dk/files/236150948/vtcFall2016.pdf
Cell-Edge power
consumption of NB-IoT
grows dramatically (5-
6X) compared to Cat-M1

3GPP NB-IoT/LTE-M Vs LoRa
Summary
28

LoRaWAN and Cellular IoT are complementary
29
Applications Requirements Technology
>1MB/s
Cost flexible
Power available
< 1MB/s
Cost sensitive
Power available
< 100kB/s - Cost sensitive
One-way or
non-symmetric
communication
Multicast
Low Power
Long Range
• Video surveillance
• Electronic billboards
• In-car infotainment
• Connected cars
• Telematics
LTE Cat 1
LTE-M (Cat-M1)
NB-IoT
LoRaWAN,
NB-IoT
• Sensors & meters
• Smart city
• Agriculture
• Tracking
• Factory
• Environment
• Smart home
NumberofDevices
ARPU
LPWAN

• LoRaWAN and Mobile IoT (LTE Cat-NB1, LTE Cat-M1) are
complementary
• LoRaWAN and Mobile IoT represent different market segments with
LoRa serving large number of devices with low cost, low power and
lowest data rate followed by NB-IoT and then LTE-M
• Combining LoRaWAN and Mobile IoT (LTE Cat-NB1, LTE Cat-M1)
solves the needs of all the IoT Use Cases
• We believe LoRaWAN will be WiFi of LPWAN IoT
and will run alongside 3GPP based IoT technologies
Key Takeaway

Converged ThingPark Wireless Platform

Orange LPWAN Strategy
32

Orange IOTConnectivity Strategy
Combining LoRa® & LTE-M
Webinar - 9February 2018
Ronan LE BRAS
Head of Technical Strategy Wireless Networks
Orange Group
Vice Chair of GSMA LTE-M Task Force

34 Public
IoT connectivity requirements are extremely diverse
LPWA (new), current M2M and high data M2M (new)
smart building
smart agriculture (with extended coverage)
sensors, smart meters, smart cities
insensitive devices tracking,
smart home, e-health (wellness)
smart plant
health (patient monitoring)
security
payment
connected cars (telemetry)
gateway for smart metering
wearables
sensitive device tracking
connected cars (infotainment)
wifi on board
video monitoring
External powering,
Mbps throughput,
Low latency,
High mobility
Rechargeable battery,
Kbps throughput,
Real time transaction
Low power,
Low cost
Long range
4G+
2G /3G/ 4G
LPWA
NEW
NEW
LTE-M
NB-IoT
EC-GSM-IoT
Multiple connectivity solutions are needed to fully adress all the verticals

35 confidentiel Orange
▪ Combining LoRa and LTE-M
1
2
▪ IoT in Orange Essential 2020
3
▪ LoRa®: First LPWA solution
4
▪ Mobile IoT: LTE-M

36 Public
Orange selected LoRa® beginning 2015 as first LPWA solution
to address B2B customer connectivity needs
LoRa® Model
LoRa®, an unlicensed
LPWA technology…
Non-cellular technology
based on a new network
On-going Large
scale deployment
in France
2600 cities & sites
Private and Public
operators deployment
Available now
(network & device)
Supported by a
growing World
Wide Eco-system
Easy to deploy,
anywhere in the
world on-demand
Low cost modules
available Now
Long Range: Deep
Indoor
Proven Low power
consumption
Bi-Directionnal
Geolocation
LoRa® Key
Strengths
Roaming under definition
by LoRa Alliance
Certification program by
LoRa Alliance and Orange
to ensure interoperability
Specifications of
LoRaWan™ MAC by LoRa
Alliance
Regional Specific Band
433 / 868 / 915 MHz
LoRa® ideally suited for
low cost sensors on
battery sending few
messages per day for
Smart City and Smart
Industry
Small size Gateway
and Nano-gateway
Ad-Hoc deployment
possible by Orange
Business Services to
address local needs
Industrial site, ports and
citiesLight Backhaul
requirement compatible
(Cellular / Ethernet)

37 Public
Roll Out of LoRaWAN™ by Orange
2015 Orange LoRa® City in Grenoble
rom 2016
2016: Orange France Roll out and Launch
Roll out of LoRaWan™: A story to be continued
be continued• Commercial since mid-2016 using Live Object –
Datavenue platform
• Top 120 urban areas covered (2600 cities)
• Target National Roll-out for H1 2018
• On-demand LoRa® connectivity for local needs
• Extension for B2B outside of France
• Pilot in Slovakia and Romania
Rapid LoRa® market adoption in France
Main Verticals
• Address LPWA B2B use cases
• Develop the Orange Datavenue Live Object
Data Management Platform
▪ Develop the ecosystem of LoRa® user and
developper: > 130 MoU signed with B2B
customers and startups
• Validate a variety of use cases covering
Smart City and Smart Industy
Industry RetailSmart Cities Smart Home

38 Interne Orange
Orange for Vinci Autoroutes: Creating a Connected rest area
Manages 268 rest areas
Multiple Use cases to
- improve the level of service at the rest
station
- increase agent operational efficiency
- design new service for an enhanced
visitor experience

39 Interne Orange
Connected Rest Area with Orange LoRaWAN™ network and Live Object

40 confidentiel Orange
▪ Combining LoRa® and LTE-M
1
2
▪ IoT Connectivity in Orange
3
▪ LoRa®: First LPWA solution
4
▪ Mobile IoT: LTE-M

41 Public
IoT connectivity
3GPP standardised 3 evolution to address LPWA requirements in June 2016
The 3 evolutions are designed to meet LPWA connectivity requirements
EC-GSM-IoT evolution
of 2G GSM
evolution
of 4G LTE
evolution
of 4G LTE
Reduce deployment cost and enable fast roll
outs by software upgrades on 2G and 4G
networks (hardware upgrade can be necessary
in some configurations)
Orange Labs active in
standardisation and
promotion of Mobile
IOT through GSMA
Common caracteristics
Standardized technology by 3GPP
Low cost modules (Target ~ 5$ )
Enhanced coverage with ~ +15/20 dB over
existing LTE/ GPRS
Low power consumption (more than 10 years with
a metering use case - 200 bytes /day)
The three evolutions were needed
to cover all markets and IoT
segments

42 Interne Orange
From 110ms to 10 sec
depending on coverage
Cat-M1
Power
Saving
PSM+ eDRX
Voice
Mobility
+
Roaming
Extended
Coverage
Mode A/B
Features of release 12 &13
to optimise LTE for IoT
3GPP based
Support SIM and later eSIM
security
Security
Support Bi-directionnal link
with support of QoS
Bi-directional
In Half duplex mode:
- Uplink 375 kbps (Max)
- Downlink 300 kbps (Max)
Data Rate
Latency
Combines:
➢ several RAN and CN features to optimise LTE Networks for IoT
➢ support of new category of LTE device: Cat M1 ( later Cat M2)
Most versatile evolution of LTE for IoT connectivity …
Adressing LPWA and 2G M2M substitution

Ability to target use cases focusing on key verticals
Main
requirements
Smart
territories and
Industry
Low power,
bi-directional
Indoor coverage
Smart metering,
vending machine
Remote command
Automotive
and logistics
National coverage,
roaming, fast
moving
Fleet management
Onboard Telemetry
SmartHome
Throughput
Indoor coverage
Security application
(video monitoring)
Personal IoT
Coverage, on the
move efficiency,
voice
remote Trackers,
wearables
Use case
Example

Annoncement
9 operators
support
Basic
features
MWC2017
New
Features
H1 2018
Cat M1
PSM
Mode A
eDRX
Mode B
VoLTE
Iddle
Mobility
L800-B20
L1800-B3
For pilot and launch
Recommended
features for LTE-M in
GSMA Guidelines
CLP 29
Optional Features for
LTE-M to be evaluated
in H1 2018
Orange scheduled introduction of LTE-M in Europe
June 2017: opening of
LTE-M Open IoT Lab
Q1 – Q3 2017: Technical trials
2018 LTE-M pilots and
launches in several
European Affililiates
Q4 2017: Internal LTE-M pilot in
Orange France
Q3/ Q4 2017: Pilot in Orange
Spain on metering
October 2017: First 3
LTE-M objects Referenced
Q3/ Q4 2017: LTE IoT City in Antwerp (Bel) : LTE-M + NB-IoT
H2 2017

45 Interne Orange
tests tools
Target Object and module maker
▪ To discover LTE-M performance
▪ To prototype and develop object for Europe
▪ To prepare product launch before networks are ready
Available in the lab
▪ Dedicated LTE-M network in 800 / 1800 MHz
▪ Indoor & outdoor cell (Lampost)
▪ LoRa® coverage and starter kit
Dedicated LTE-M network + LoRa® coverage
Starter kit
Orange Open IoT Lab: 1st LTE-M Lab in Europe
Join us
partner.orange.com/open-iot-lab
Orange Live Object - Datavenue IoT plateform
Data
Share
▪ 40 requests to use the Open IoT Lab from
Start- Ups to large players
▪ Good tool to identify new partners and
prepare customer pilots
Orange Gardens, near Paris
Coverage Power
Consumption

iiii
Orange developping LTE-M ecosystem in Europe
for band 20 and 3
Educational: Update to Orange Partner web site
https://partner.orange.com/lte-m-in-a-nutshell/
▪ Ercogener rugged
based on U-Blox
module
▪ Meitrack personal
tracker based on
Quectel module
▪ Sercomm a small
GPS tracker with
Sequans module.
IoT Device Porfolio
Orange Business Services announced first three
LTE-M Objects during IoT World Congress in
Barcelona (3rd Oct)
Upcoming IoT Market Place to include LTE-M

47 Nokia - Orange 2017-03-22
4G Mobile IoT
Focus on
network transformation
connectivity for IoT
▪ Extension of LoRa® in France and abroad targeting B2B customers with OBS
▪ Launch and Pilots LTE-M ongoing + Open IoT Labs and IoT Showroom
▪ LTE-M to address both 2G replacement M2M and IoT use cases.
▪ Orange offers multi-access platforms ( Malima / Live Object - Datavenue)
LoRa®
2G M2M
Static sensors running on battery + tracking , city wide + ad-hoc deployments by OBS
Current Base mainly B2B
2016
2018
2017
2G IoT for backup & continuity
Full EC-GSM-IoT in some emerging markets

Questions?
Contact Us:
https://www.actility.com/contact/
Meet Us@MWC:
https://www.actility.com/event/mwc2018
48

LoRaWAN and 3GPP technologies cover all Industrial IoT use cases

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