In this ppt the basic introduction, history,shift cipher method, cipher disk, permutation method and some application of cryptography is included.

1. C r y p t o g r a p h y
Presented by… Saumil Patel
Divyarajsinh Vaghela
Richa Raval
Milan Patel

2. History and
Introduction of
Cryptography
-Richa Raval

3. C R Y P T O G R A P H Y
An art of making and solving codes…
What is Cryptography?

4. C R Y P T O G R A P H Y
What was the need to invent Cryptography?
For Secure Communication…

5. C R Y P T O G R A P H Y
Hacker

6. C R Y P T O G R A P H Y
Key Words
 Plain Text :- It is the simple text.
 Cipher Text :- It is the coded text.
 Encryption :- Converting plain text into
Cipher text.
 Decryption :- Converting back from Cipher
text into Plain text.
(Ex. Hello)
(Ex. lkjne)

7. C R Y P T O G R A P H Y
Defination
It is the practice and study of
techniques for secure
communication of data.
This system is called Cryptosystem.

8. of

9. Ancient History
Pioneer of Cryptography :- Julius Caesar
Birth :- 100 BC
Country :- Rome
Invention :- Shift Cipher method

10. Ancient History
 Started in Egypt in 3000 B.C.
 They found it very complicate due to
insufficient knowledge of Mathematics
& Cryptography.
 Finally they had to stop it…

11. Ancient History
 Weakness of Shift Cipher :- Any one can decrypt it easily
 Well known example of…
Mary Queen of Scot
Queen Elizabeth I
c
c

12. Modern History
(Zimmermann’s Telegram)
Sent by Arthur Zimmermann, the
foreign secretary of Germany on
11/01/1917.
United States entered into
World War - I
It was intercepted and decoded
by British Intelligence.

13. In 20th Century…
Invented by Arthur Scherbius at
the end of World War I.
Intention:- To Encode and decode
of Ciphers.
 Adopted by Military and Govt.
First broken by Polish Cipher
Bureau in Dec.1932 by using
Theoretical Mathematics and
Reverse Engineering.
Enigma Machine

14. In 21th Century…
After the end of World War II, the Encryption
and Decryption has shifted from ….

15. In 21th Century…
Parallel to the development of…
…advance methods in Cryptography were developed.
Shift Cipher
DES Cipher RSA Cipher
Permutation Cipher
DH Secret key exchange method

16. Ceasar Cipher/
Shift Cipher Method
-Saumil Patel

17. Indian Army
Pakistan Army
ATTACK AT
5 P.M.
DWWDFND
WILYHSP
DWWDFND
WILYHSP
ATTACK AT
5 P.M.
?

18. How did they do it…???
They use a method called…
CEASAR CIPHER

19. CEASAR CIPHER
 One of the simplest and widely known
encryption technique.
 Named after Julius Caesar.
 He used it in his private
communication.
 This method is also known as
Shift Cipher or Ceaser’s Code.

20. CEASAR CIPHER

21. CEASAR CIPHER
How to convert a text into Cipher Code?
Step -1 :- Remove space, comma(,) , dot(.), “ “,
etc.
and write a simple sentence.
Step -2 :- Replace numbers by alphabets.
ex. 5  FIVE
Step -3 :-Replace each alphabet by a definite shift.

22. CEASAR CIPHER
Ex. ATTACK AT 5 P.M.
Step -1 :- Remove space, comma(,) , dot(.), “ “,
etc.
and write a simple sentence.
 ATTACKAT5PM

23. CEASAR CIPHER
Ex. ATTACK AT 5 P.M.
 ATTACKAT5PM
Step -2 :- Replace numbers by alphabets.
 ATTACKATFIVEPM

24. CEASAR CIPHER
Ex. ATTACK AT 5 P.M.
Step -3 :-Replace each alphabet by a definite shift.
Plain Text :A T T A C K A T F I V E P M
Cipher Text :D W W D F N D W I L Y H S P

25. CEASAR CIPHER
Ex. ATTACK AT 5 P.M.
Cipher Text: DWWDFNDWILYHSP

26. Cipher Disk &
Permutation Method
-Divyarajsinh Vaghela

27. Cipher Disk
 Enciphering & Deciphering tool.
 Developed by Italian Architect
Leon Battista Alberti in 1470.
 It Consist of two concentric disk.
1) Large :- Stationary
2) Small :- Movable

28. Cipher Disk
Plain TextCipher
Text

29. Cipher Disk
 How Cipher Disk is Useful ?
Disadvantage of Shift Cipher method is that
there are only 25 different possibilities for
each alphabet.
Cipher Disk is useful to decrypt the Cipher
code very quickly.

30. Permutation Cipher
 It is one of the most advance methods used
now a days.
What is the advantage to use Permutation Cipher?
 It is next to impossible to decrypt the code
encrypted by Permutation Cipher.

31. Permutation Cipher
* Method to create Permutation Cipher Code:-
Step-1 :- Write all the alphabets in a row for the
plain text.
Step-2 :- Randomly choose any of the 26 alphabets
for each alphabet of the plain text.
Ex. For A choose N, For B choose W, etc…

32. Permutation Cipher
P E Z R N H I M A W F O B G V Y L D K C J Q S U T X
Permuted Alphabet

33. Permutation Cipher
Ex. ATTACK AT 5 P.M.
 A T T A C K A T F I V E P M
P PCC Z F P CHAQ N Y B

34. Permutation Cipher
ATTACK AT 5 P.M. PCCPZFPCHAQNYB
PCCPZFPCHAQNYB

35. Applications &
Importance of
Cryptography
- Milan Patel

36.  Cryptography plays an important role in
many IT applications !
HOW..???
Let’s see an overview…

37. Strong Authentication
 Cryptography plays an important role in
Identity Management.
There are many methods from…
to

38. Strong Authentication
OTP tokens
( One Time Password Generating tokens)
- Popular solution for securing
authentication.
- Widely used in Banks.
- Manufactured by RSA,
VASCO, Codes, etc.

39. HTTPS
Strong Authentication
Secure version of HTTP

40. HTTPS
Strong Authentication
Secure version of HTTP

41. HTTPS
Strong Authentication
Secure version of HTTP

42. HTTPS
Strong Authentication
Secure version of HTTP

43. HTTPS
Strong Authentication
Secure version of HTTP

44. HTTPS
Strong Authentication
Secure version of HTTP
 To access e-banking site.
 To secure online credit card transaction.
 For secure email messaging.
 File sharing.

45. TLS protocol
Strong Authentication
(Transport Layer Security)
- Most widely used protocol.
- Ex. Certificate for server authentication.

46. Wireless Communication
Why use Cryptography for Wireless Communication ?
Because…
-It is very easy for any one to hack any wireless
communication than an wired communication.
-All that required are only laptop and an antenna..!

47. Wireless Communication
 It is the most widely used standard for wireless
networking today.
 Cryptography plays an important role in Wi-fi in two
ways…
1) Securing data transmission
2) End point authentication

48. Wireless Communication
 It is designed to enable wireless data exchange over
short distance.
 Cryptography plays an important role in Bluetooth in
two aspect :-
1) Confidentially
2) Authentication (called pairing)

49. Every person in this world is related to
CRYPTOGRAPHY…!
Communication Technology
Cyber Security
CRYPTOGRAPHY