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1. Realistic Cast Shadow Effect In Photoshop
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Written by Steve Patterson.
Photoshop's Drop Shadow layer style may be great for adding simple shadows to images or text, making
them look as if they're floating slightly above their background, but when it comes to creating more
realistic looking shadows of people or objects, the standard Drop Shadow just doesn't cut it. In this
tutorial, we'll learn an easy way to create a realistic cast shadow effect!
Here's the photo I'll be using for this tutorial:

2. The original photo. Image licensed from iStockphoto by Photoshop Essentials.com.
The original image.
Here's how it will look with the shadow applied:

3. Photoshop cast shadow effect.
The final result.
This tutorial is from our Photo Effects series. Let's get started!
Get all of our tutorials as print-ready PDFs!
How To Create A Realistic Cast Shadow
Step 1: Select The Person Or Object

4. Before we can add a shadow to someone, we first need to select them. Using the selection tool of your
choice (Lasso Tool, Quick Selection Tool, Pen Tool, etc.), draw a selection around the person (or object)
in the photo. When you're done, you should see a selection outline around them. Here, I've selected the
girl:
A selection outline appears around the girl in the photo.
Select the person or object in the photo.
Step 2: Copy The Selection To A New Layer
With the person or object selected, press Ctrl+J (Win) / Command+J (Mac) on your keyboard to quickly
copy the selection to a new layer. Nothing will happen in the document window, but if we look in the
Layers panel, we see that Photoshop has copied the selection to a new layer named "Layer 1" above the
Background layer:

5. The selection has been copied to a new layer.
The selection appears on a new layer above the Background layer.
Step 3: Add Extra Canvas Space If Needed
Depending on your image, you may or may not need this step, but in my case, I need to add some extra
canvas space to make room for the shadow. The easiest way to add extra canvas space is with
Photoshop's Crop Tool. I'll select it from the Tools panel:
Selecting the Crop Tool in Photoshop.
Selecting the Crop Tool.
To make it easier to see what I'm doing, I'll switch out of the document window and into the first of
Photoshop's fullscreen modes by pressing the letter F on my keyboard. Then, with the Crop Tool active,
I'll click in the gray area above and to the left of the top left corner of the image, and with my mouse
button held down, I'll drag to the gray area below and to the right of the bottom right corner:

6. Dragging the Crop Tool across the image.
Dragging the Crop Tool diagonally across the entire image.
When I release my mouse button, a crop border appears around the image, with handles (little squares)
on all four sides and in each corner. I need to add more canvas space on the left of the photo, so I'll click
on the left handle and drag it outward:

7. Dragging the left crop handle.
Adding more space on the left by dragging the left crop handle.
I'll press Enter (Win) / Return (Mac) to accept the crop (even though what we're doing here is really the
exact opposite of cropping), at which point Photoshop adds the extra space on the left of the image and
fills it with white (the default Background color). I'll press F on my keyboard a couple of times until I'm
back to the document window view:

8. Extra canvas space has been added with the Crop Tool.
Since my Background color is white (the default color), Photoshop fills the new canvas space with white.
Step 4: Add A New Blank Layer Below Layer 1
Hold down your Ctrl (Win) / Command (Mac) key and click on the New Layer icon at the bottom of the
Layers panel:

9. Photoshop New Layer icon in the Layers panel.
Click on the New Layer icon while holding down Ctrl (Win) / Command (Mac).
This tells Photoshop not only to add a new layer to the document as it normally would, but to add the
new layer below the currently selected layer (Layer 1), which places it between Layer 1 and the
Background layer:
A new layer has been added below the currently selected layer.
The new layer appears between the original two layers.
Step 5: Draw A Gradient On The New Layer

10. Let's create a new background for the effect using a gradient, which will give it a little depth. Click on the
Foreground color swatch near the bottom of the Tools panel. By default, it should be showing black:
The Foreground color swatch in Photoshop.
Black is the default Foreground color.
This opens Photoshop's Color Picker where we can choose a new Foreground color. Choose a light gray.
If you want to use the same shade of gray that I'm using, enter 70% for the B value (B stands for
Brightness) on the right. Click OK when you're done to close out of the Color Picker:
Choosing a light gray in the Color Picker in Photoshop.
Set the Brightness (B) value to 70% for a light gray. H (Hue) and S (Saturation) should remain at 0%.

11. Next, select the Gradient Tool from the Tools panel. We'll be using the Gradient Tool a few times for this
effect:
Selecting the Gradient Tool in Photoshop.
Select the Gradient Tool.
With the Gradient Tool active, right-click (Win) / Control-click (Mac) anywhere inside the document
window to quickly bring up the Gradient Picker, and make sure you have the very first gradient -
Foreground to Background - selected by clicking on its thumbnail (first one on the left, top row). Press
Enter (Win) / Return (Mac) when you're done to close out of the Gradient Picker:
The Gradient Picker in Photoshop.
Select the Foreground to Background gradient.
Then, click near the bottom of the document, hold down your Shift key and drag straight up until you're
just above the horizontal center of the image. Holding the Shift key as you drag constrains your
movements, making it easier to drag vertically:

12. Dragging the gray to white gradient.
Drag out the transition area for the gray to white gradient.
Release your mouse button and Photoshop draws the gradient, which becomes the new background for
the image:

13. The new light gray to white background.
The subtle gradient adds a bit of depth to the image.
Step 6: Add A New Layer Above The Gradient
Click once again on the New Layer icon at the bottom of the Layers panel (no need to hold the Shift key
down this time):

14. The New Layer icon in the Layers panel in Photoshop.
Click again on the New Layer icon.
A new blank layer appears above the gradient layer:
A new layer appears above the gradient layer in the Layers panel.
Layer 3 appears above the gradient.
Step 7: Load A Selection Around The Person Or Object

15. Hold down your Ctrl (Win) / Command (Mac) key and click directly on the top layer's preview thumbnail
in the Layers panel. Don't select the layer, just click on its thumbnail:
Clicking on the layer preview thumbnail.
Hold down Ctrl (Win) / Command (Mac) and click on Layer 1's preview thumbnail.
This instantly loads a selection around the contents of the layer. Here, we can see that the girl in my
photo is now selected:

16. A selection appears around the girl in the photo.
A selection outline appears around the person or object that we first selected back in Step 1.
Step 8: Fill The Selection With Black
Go up to the Edit menu at the top of the screen and choose Fill:
Choosing the Fill command in Photoshop.
Go to Edit > Fill.

17. When the Fill dialog box appears, change the Use option at the top to Black, then click OK to close out of
the dialog box:
Setting the Use option to Black in the Fill dialog box.
Set Use to Black, then click OK.
This fills the selection with black. We can't see it just yet in the document window because the image on
Layer 1 is blocking it from view, but we can see it in the layer's preview thumbnail in the Layers panel:
The layer preview thumbnail.
We can see the contents of a layer in its preview thumbnail even when we can't see it in the document
window.

18. Step 9: Distort The Shadow Into Position
The area we just filled with black will become our shadow. First, we need to reshape it and move it into
position, and we can do that using Photoshop's Distort command. Go up to the Edit menu, choose
Transform, and then choose Distort:
Go to Edit > Transform > Distort.
Go to Edit > Transform > Distort.
Reshape the black-filled area by clicking on the top transform handle and dragging it down diagonally,
either left or right (depending on your image), until it looks more like the person or object's shadow:

19. Distorting the shadow into shape.
Drag the top transform handle to distort the shadow into shape.
You may also need to fix the bottom part of the shadow by dragging the bottom corner handles. In my
case, the bottom of the shadow didn't quite line up with the girl's shoes, so I dragged the bottom right
transform handle up and to the right until everything looked good:

20. Distorting the bottom part of the shadow.
Drag the bottom corner handles if needed so the bottom of the shadow lines up with the person or
object.
When you're done, press Enter (Win) / Return (Mac) to accept the transformation and exit out of the
Distort command. Your shadow should now look something like this:

21. The shadow has been distorted.
The initial shape of the shadow is now in place.
Step 10: Apply A Slight Blur
The edges of the shadow look a little too crisp and sharp, so let's apply a slight blur to it. Go up to the
Filter menu, choose Blur, then choose Gaussian Blur:

22. Go to Filter > Blur > Gaussian Blur.
Go to Filter > Blur > Gaussian Blur.
This opens the Gaussian Blur dialog box. Increase the Radius to around 1.5 pixels for a very subtle blur
effect, then click OK to exit out of the dialog box. The edges of the shadow will appear softer:
The Gaussian Blur dialog box in Photoshop.
A Radius value of around 1.5 pixels is all we need for starters.
Step 11: Use Quick Mask Mode To Gradually Select The Shadow
For a shadow to look realistic, the edges need to become gradually softer the further away it extends
from the subject. To create this gradual blurring effect, we'll again turn to the Gaussian Blur filter, but
first, we'll create a selection using Photoshop's Quick Mask mode.
Select the Gradient Tool once again from the Tools panel, then press the letter D on your keyboard to
reset Photoshop's Foreground and Background colors to their defaults (black will be the Foreground
color, white the Background color). Then, press the letter Q on your keyboard to switch into Quick Mask
mode. Nothing will seem different in the document window just yet. With the Gradient Tool active, click
near the bottom of the shadow and drag diagonally to the top, like so:

23. Dragging out a gradient in Quick Mask mode in Photoshop.
Drag out a diagonal gradient from the bottom to the top of the shadow.
Release your mouse button at the top of the shadow, and a red to transparent Quick Mask overlay
appears across the image. The transparent part at the top of the shadow represents the area that is fully
selected. The red at the bottom of the shadow is not selected at all, while the area in between becomes
more and more selected as the red color gradually fades into transparency:

24. A red to transparent Quick Mask gradient in Photoshop.
As the color fades from red to transparent, the area becomes gradually more selected.
Press the letter Q on your keyboard to exit out of Quick Mask mode and back into normal mode. The red
to transparent Quick Mask overlay will be replaced with a standard looking selection outline that seems
to do nothing more than divide the shadow in half, with only the top half selected. This is just an
unfortunate illusion on Photoshop's part. Photoshop can only display selection outlines around pixels
that are at least 50% selected. So while it looks like we haven't really accomplished anything here, that
Gaussian Blur filter is about to prove otherwise:

25. A selection outline appears in place of the Quick Mask overlay.
Photoshop can't accurately display selection outlines around pixels that are only partially selected.
Step 12: Apply The Gaussian Blur Filter Again
Since the Gaussian Blur filter was the last filter we used, we can quickly bring it back up by pressing
Ctrl+Alt+F (Win) / Command+Option+F (Mac) on the keyboard. This time, when the dialog box appears,
increase the Radius value to around 10 pixels, then click OK to exit out of it:

26. Setting the Radius value to 10 pixels in the Gaussian Blur dialog box.
Increase the Radius value to 10 pixels or so.
Press Ctrl+D (Win) / Command+D (Mac) to remove the selection outline, and we see in the document
that the edges of the shadow now appear gradually softer from bottom to top:
The shadow edges gradually appear softer.
The shadow edges now look more realistic.
Step 13: Add A Layer Mask

27. The shadow needs to fade out as it moves further from the subject, which is easy to do using a layer
mask. Click on the Layer Mask icon at the bottom of the Layers panel. A white-filled layer mask
thumbnail will appear to the right of the shadow layer's preview thumbnail:
Adding a layer mask in Photoshop.
A layer mask thumbnail appears after clicking the Layer Mask icon.
Step 14: Set The Foreground Color To A Dark Gray
We don't want the shadow to fade out completely, so click on the Background color swatch in the Tools
panel, which should currently be black (the default Foreground and Background colors are reversed
when a layer mask is selected):
The Background color swatch in Photoshop.

28. Click on the Background color swatch (the one in the lower right).
When the Color Picker appears, choose a dark gray by setting the B (Brightness) value to 30%. Leave the
H (Hue) and S (Saturation) options set to 0%. Click OK when you're done to close out of the Color Picker:
Choosing a dark gray in the Color Picker in Photoshop.
Choose a dark gray for the Background color.
Step 15: Draw A Gradient Across The Shadow On The Layer Mask
Then, with the Gradient Tool selected, click once again near the bottom of the shadow and drag
diagonally upward to the top, just as we did a moment ago when in Quick Mask mode. The difference
here is that we're drawing the gradient on the layer mask:

29. Drawing a gradient on the layer mask.
Draw a white to dark gray gradient from the bottom to the top of the shadow.
Release your mouse button at the top of the shadow. Since we drew the gradient on the layer mask, not
on the image itself, we don't actually see the gradient in the document. Instead, we see the effect of the
gradient on the layer mask, with the shadow now gradually fading as it moves away from the subject:
The shadow now gradually fades.
The shadow now gradually fades away.
Step 16: Lower The Opacity Of The Shadow

30. As a final step, let's lower the opacity of the shadow so it doesn't appear quite so dark near the subject
(since shadows are always somewhat transparent). You'll find the Opacity option in the top right corner
of the Layers panel. Lower it slightly to around 85%:
The Layer opacity option in Photoshop.
Lower the shadow layer's opacity to 85%.
And with that, we're done! Here's the final "cast shadow" effect:

31. Photoshop cast shadow effect.
The final result.
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