The Philippine education system has evolved over time, incorporating influences from Spanish, American, and Japanese systems. It is currently structured into pre-school, K-12 (primary and secondary), and tertiary levels. Key reforms include the implementation of the K-12 program in 2012, which added two years to basic education and included a new curriculum. The K-12 system features specialized tracks in senior high school and aims to better prepare students for employment or higher education.

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EDUC
213
School and
Community
Relations
TOMAS CLAUDIO COLLEGES
Morong, Rizal
GRADUATE STUDIES DEPARTMENT
JULIUS MIGUEL T. PEREZ
Presenter

2. “
”

3. The Philippine Education System
was patterned to the educational
systems of SPAIN and of the UNITED
STATES
After the Liberation of the Philippines
in1946, Filipinos had moved in various
directions of its own
Elementary and high school is
compulsory which is administered by
the DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION

5. Spanish Contribution
American Contribution
Japanese Contribution
Present Educational System

6. Before 1521

7. 1. The type of education is
informal and unstructured
2. The home serves as their
school
3. The parents serves as their
teachers
4. Focused more on vocational
than academics
5. tribal tutors (for example,
the babaylan)

8. 6. Most communities, stories, songs, poetry,
dances, medicinal practices and advice regarding
all sorts of community life issues were passed
from generation to generation mostly through oral
tradition.
7. Some communities utilised a writing system
known as baybayin
8. alibata - composed of 17 symbols
representing the letters of the alphabet.

9. Method of Education:
1.“Tell Me” or “Show Me” or
demonstration method
2.Alibata (Baybayin )which
is composed of 14
consonants and 3 vowels
3.Oral, practical and hands
on

10. 1521-1896

11. • education was formal
• established schools from the
primary level to the tertiary level
of education.
• focused on the Christian
Doctrines
• separate school for boys
(colegios) and girls (beaterio)
• Ilustrados were accommodated in
the schools

12. • missionary teachers (friars)
replaced the tribal tutors
• Catholic doctrine schools that
were set up initially became
parochial schools which taught
reading and writing along with
catechism.
• Education Decree of 1863 -
mandated the establishment of
free primary schools in each
town, one for boys and one for
girls, with the precise number of
schools depending on the size
of the population.

13. • There were 3 grades: entrada, acenso, and
termino
• The curriculum required the study of
Christian doctrine, values and history as
well as reading and writing in Spanish,
mathematics, agriculture, etiquette, singing,
world geography, and Spanish history. Girls
were also taught sewing.
• The Normal School, run by the Jesuits, was
also established which gave men the
opportunity to study a three-year teacher
education for the primary level. Normal
schools for women teachers were not
established until 1875, in Nueva Caceres.

14. Method of teaching:
a. catechetical instruction,
b.use of corporal punishment
c. rote memorization
d.instruction was in dialect

15. Roles:
1. The friars controlled the educational
system
2. The missionaries took charge in
teaching, controlling and maintaining
the rules and regulations
3. Parochial schools were led by
Dominicans and Jesuits
4. Establishment of normal school for
male teachers under the
supervision of the Jesuits

16. American Contribution
1898-1935

17. American Contribution
• Course of study
is prescribed
uniform and
centralized
• Formal
structured and
existence of an
educational
system

18. 1899 - more schools were opened, this
time, with 24 English-language
teachers and 4500 students
Act No. 74 - a highly centralised, experimental
public school system was installed in 1901 by
the Philippine
Commission . between 1901 and 1902 -
Philippine Commission authorized the
Secretary of Public Instruction to bring more
than 1,000 teachers from the United States,
who were called the Thomasites, to the
Philippines . These teachers were scattered
throughout the islands
establish barangay schools.

19. The same law established the
Philippine Normal School (now the
Philippine Normal University) to train
aspiring Filipino teachers.
The high school system was supported
by provincial governments and included
special educational institutions, schools
of arts and trades, an agricultural
school, and commerce and marine
institutes, which were established in
1902 by the Philippine Commission.
Act No. 372 - authorised the
opening of provincial high schools.

20. Act No. 1870 initiated the opening of the
University of the Philippines, now the
country's national university. (1908)
attainment.
Act No. 1381, also known as Gabaldon Law,
was passed in 1907, which provided a fund
of a million pesos for construction of
concrete school buildings
Filipinization policy of the government, the
Reorganization Act of 1916 provided that all
department secretaries except the
Secretary of Public Instruction must be a
natural-born Filipino.

21. JAPANESE
CONTRIBUTION
1941-1944

22. Japanese Contribution
Characteristics:
Course of
study:
a.Prescribed;
b.Uniform; and
c.Centralized

23. 6 Basic Principles of Japanese Education
1. To stop depending on western countries like the
U.S., and Great Britain. Promote and enrich the
Filipino culture.
2. To recognize that the Philippines is a part of the
Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere so that
the Philippines and Japan will have good
relations.
3. To be aware of materialism to raise the morality of
the Filipinos
4. To learn and adopt Nippongo and to stop
using the English language.
5. To spread elementary and vocational education.
6. To develop love for work.
Japanese Contribution

26. Former educational systam (used from 1945 until June 5, 2011
School Grade Other names Age
Kindergarten was
not compulsory
Primary
Primary Grade 1 6-7
Grade 2 7-8
Grade 3 8-9
Grade 4 Intermediate 9-10
Grade 5 0-11
Grade 6 11-12
Secondary First Year Freshman 12-13
Second Year Sophomore 13-14
Third Year Junior 14-1
Fourth Year Senior 15-16

28. Managed and regulated by the:
• Department of Education (DepEd)
• Commission on Higher Education (CHED)
• Technical Education and Skills
Development Authority
(TESDA)
DepEd is responsible for the K–12 basic
education; it exercises full and exclusive
control over public schools and nominal
regulation over private schools, and it also
enforces the national curriculum that has been
put in place since 2013.

29. The start of the twenty-first century's
second decade saw a major improvement in
the Philippine education system.
In 2011, the Department of Education
started to implement the new K-12
educational system, which also included a
new curriculum for all schools nationwide. The
K- 12 program has a so-called "phased
implementation", which started in S.Y 2011-
2012.

30. • 2010 - Senator Benigno Aquino III expressed
his desire to implement the K–12 basic
education cycle to increase the number of
years of compulsory education to thirteen
years.
• the K–6–4–2 basic education system
• Kindergarten Education Act of 2012 -
kindegarten compulsory
• Enhanced Basic Education Act of 2013.
• SY 2011–2012 DepEd - has already
implemented the K–12 Program it was still
enacted into law to guarantee its continuity in
the succeeding years.

31. The Philippine Education System

32. The Philippine Education System

34. Pre-school
Ages 3 to 5
Students learn the alphabet, numbers,
shapes, and colors through games,
songs, and dances in their Mother
Tongue.
Offered to private and public schools

35. Pre-schoolEducation
Pre-school education is optional
before entering elementary level since
not everyone could afford it
Recent events and activities show a
high need for young children to
undergo preschool education first
before stepping into formal education

36. Republic Act 8980 (Early Childhood Care
and Development Act)
Enacted in 2000, this law identifies
the growing importance of providing
preschool education and addressing
young children's other needs. It also
recognizes parents as the children’s
primary caregivers and teachers.

37. Republic Act 6972 (Barangay Level Total
Protection of Children Act)
Enacted in 1990, this law requires all
local government units to set up a day
care center in every barangay. Day
care centers are mandated not only to
provide for the children’s learning
needs but also to attend to their health
and psychosocial needs.

38. Senate Bill 3235 (An Act To Institutionalize
Pre-school Education)
Stressing the importance of preschool
education in the country,
Senator Edgardo Angara has proposed
the institutionalization of preschool
education as part of compulsory basic
education. The bill calls for the
formulation of a standard preschool
curriculum which will help ensure that
those entering Grade 1 are well-
equipped for formal schooling. If the
bill is approved, children will have to
attend at least one year of preschool
education before they are admitted to
Grade 1.

39. Primary Education
Age of 6 to 11
consists of compulsory six grades
(Grades 1-6)
Primary level (grades 1-3)
Intermediate level (grades 4-6)

40. Subjects taught
Mathematics, Science, Filipino,
English, HEKASI (Heyograpiya,
Kasaysayan at Sibika)
Minor subjects: Music, Arts, Physical
Education and Health
Computer Education and HELE are the
additional minor subjects for private
schools

41. Medium of Instruction
Grades 1-3: the use of Mother tongue
except Filipino and English subject
Grades 4-6: Filipino and English

42. Secondary Education
Ages 12-17
prerequisite of which is the
completion of elementary education
Four years of junior high school and
two years of senior high school

43. Secondary Education
Junior high school is composed of
grade 7 to grade 10
Senior high school is from grade 11 to
grade 12

44. Junior High School
Subjects are taught from the simplest
concepts to more complicated
concepts through grade levels in spiral
progression
subjects are connected and integrated
from Grades 7 to 10

45. Senior High School
two years of specialized upper
secondary education
choice of career track will define the
content of the subjects a student will
take in Grades 11 and 12
subjects fall under either the Core
Curriculum or specific Tracks

46. Senior high school- CORE CURRICULUM
7 Learning Areas under the Core
Curriculum and these are:
Languages
Literature
Communication
Mathematics
Philosophy
Natural Science
Social Sciences

47. Senior high school-TRACKS
Each student in Senior High School can
choose among 3 tracks:
Academic
Technical-Vocational-Livelihood
Sports and Arts

48. The Academic track
Includes three strands:
Business, Accountancy, Management
(BAM)
Humanities, Education, Social Sciences
(HESS)
Science, Technology, Engineering,
Mathematics (STEM)

49. TVET (Technical Vocational Education&
Training) NATIONAL CERTIFICATE
student can obtain Certificates of
Competency (COC) or a National
Certificate Level I (NC I) after finishing
grade 10
After finishing a Technical-Vocational-
Livelihood track in Grade 12, a student
may obtain a National Certificate Level
II (NC II)
::provided that he/she passes the
competency-based assessment of the
Technical Education and
Skills Development Authority (TESDA)

50. TVET (Technical Vocational Education&
Training) NATIONAL CERTIFICATE
NC I and NC II improves employability
of graduates in fields like Agriculture,
Electronics, and Trade

51. References
http://maed202.blogspot.com/2012/05/k12-curriculum-in-
philippines-global.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Education_in_the_Philippines
http://www.dandc.eu/en/article/expensive-not-always-worth-much-
higher-education-philippines
http://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php?title=Pre-school_education
http://als.gensantos.org/about-als/history/
http://www.e-netphil.org/cALS.html
http://www.gov.ph/k-12/
http://pcdspo.gov.ph/downloads/k-to-12-print-component-FINAL-
March-19-2013.pdf
http://www.scribd.com/doc/6822836/THE-PHILIPPINE-EDUCATION-
SYSTEM
http://www.ched.gov.ph/chedwww/index.php/eng/Information
http://www.tesda.gov.ph/page.aspx?page_id=10
http://www.4icu.org/ph/
http://yfuusa.org/media/yes_lounge/Philippines.pdf