1. Good Morning!
EQ: What happened as a result of the collapse of the Soviet Union?
HW: Marshmallows, toothpicks ,gel icing, Styrofoam plates for WED. Study Guide due Thursday.
SPONGE:
Analyze the two images. What do you notice? What do you wonder?

2. What about Berlin?
• During the Cold war, there were many “hot
spots” (areas of extreme tension)
– The earliest hot spot was Berlin.
• At the end of World War II, Germany was
divided into four occupation zones
– American, British, French, and Soviet
• The Soviets controlled the eastern part of
Germany, the western countries controlled
the western part of Germany.
• The capital Berlin, deep within Soviet-
controlled territory, was also divided into four
occupation zones.

3. Results of WWII
• Germany
was divided
into 4 zones
with Allies
watching
them

5. S-C-L
 With your partner, discuss…
 Make a prediction- what do you
think happens to the city of
Berlin?

6. Berlin Blockaded!
• In June 1948, the Soviets blockaded
all land and water traffic into western
Berlin hoping to make Britain,
France, and America leave the city.
--(Remember Berlin was in East
Germany which the USSR occupied.)
• In response, the United States and
Great Britain began an airlift…

8. Berlin Airlift
• What’s an airlift?
– a system of carrying supplies into West Berlin by
plane
– Day and night, British and American pilots flew in
tons of food, fuel, and raw materials.
• How long did it last?
– 11 months
• The airlift is over. Now what?
– Germany officially becomes two countries with two
governments.
– Bonn becomes the capital of West Germany.
– East Berlin becomes the capital of East Germany.
– West Berlin remains a democratic stronghold,
surrounded by communism.

12. The Berlin Wall
• Berliners hated living under communism
• Luckily, West Berlin and freedom were
just across the street
– About 3 million people fled to West Berlin looking
for political freedom and better lives
– The East German government wanted it to stop
• In August 1961, East Germany built a
103 mile wall between East and West
Berlin.
– Guarded by Soviet troops, it became a symbol of
the split between western and eastern Europe.

13. 1961 – Berlin Wall Built

17. Cold War Summary:
Soviet & US & the
Eastern Bloc Western
Nations Democracies
GOAL  spread world- GOAL  “Containment”
wide Communism of Communism
How’d They Do It?:
 Espionage (KGB vs. CIA)
 Arms Race (nuclear weapons)
 Competition for the minds and hearts of Third World
peoples (Communist govt. & command economy vs.
democratic govt. & capitalist economy)
 NATO vs. Warsaw Pact

18. The Fall of the
Soviet Union
Unit Two Notes

19. Losing Control
• Soviet Union was spending tons of
money putting down revolts, protecting
its borders, and keeping up with the US
in the arms race
• 1985: economy was so unstable that
Mikhail Gorbachev, head of USSR,
reduced government control of business
and increased the freedoms for all
citizens

20. S-C-L
 With your partner, discuss…
 Why would Mikhail Gorbachev
want to reduce government
control of business?

21. 1988 – A year of radical change
• The USSR allows private
ownership of businesses.
• President Reagan visits
Gorbachev in Moscow!
• Gorbachev’s reforms
spark political change in
Latvia, Lithuania, Estonia,
Georgia, Czechoslovakia,
and Hungary.

22. “Tear Down This Wall!”
• Demonstrations by people prompted
the government to remove border-
crossing restrictions.
– When the announcement was made,
East and West Berliners climbed the wall
and celebrated.
• Nov. 9th 1989: the Berlin Wall, a
symbol of communism, was
destroyed.
– Shortly after the Berlin Wall fell, Germany
was reunited as one country (October 3,
1990).

24. S-C-L
 With your partner, discuss…
 What do you think happens as a
result of the Berlin Wall falling?

25. 1991: The Cold War Ends
• After Germany was reunified, the
Soviet republics that had once been
separate countries began seeking
their independence also
• Soviet Union was no more
• Many countries were created; Russia
was the largest

26. Cold War Placemats
Directions
• You will be creating a placemat that tells people about either the Cold
War OR the Fall of the Soviet Union. You will use your Cold War Alpha
boxes and your Journey Across Time textbook pg. 881-883 to complete
the placemat.
• Here is what you need to include on your placemat:
• A title (10 points) choose either The Cold War or The Fall of
the Soviet Union
• Facts (50 points) 10 facts ( words and phrases) on your
placemat around the edge.
• Pictures (20 points): At least 5 illustrations to go with facts
• Neatness and color (20 points)

27. TOTD
• On a sheet of paper…
• Write a journal entry as if you
were a student living in
Germany during the cold war.