MELC 1 (WEEK 1) laws of MOTION.pptx

Department of Education
CAMP VICENTE LIM INTEGRATED SCHOOL
MARICEL R. FERNANDEZ
Teacher II

You will learn the concepts that you can use to investigate the relationship
between the amount of force applied and the mass of the object to the
amount of change in the object’s motion.
As you go through this lesson, you are expected to:
 A. State the 3 laws of motion
 B. Calculate word problems on acceleration
 C. Infer that when a body exerts a force on another, an equal amount
of force is exerted back on it
We lead, we serve, we excel with a heart
CVLIS
Learning Objective:

Essential
Question:
How are the concepts of motion
helpful and important to one’s life?
CVLIS

CVLIS
Motion is a phenomenon in which an object
changes its position over time. Motion is described
in terms of displacement, distance, velocity,
acceleration, speed and time.

Force, in its simplest sense, is a push or a pull.
It can be an influence capable of producing a
change in the state of motion of an object.
CVLIS

Sir Isaac Newton
(1643-1726)
He was an
English physicist,
mathematician,
astronomer,
philosopher,
natural
alchemist
,
and theologian and one
of the most influential
men in human history.

The Laws of
Motion
CVLIS

Newton’s Laws of Motion:
LAW OF INERTIA
LAW OF ACCELERATION
LAW OF INTERACTION
CVLIS

Newton’s First
Law:
LAW OF INERTIA
CVLIS

CVLIS
In the illustration, the bus is moving from its
reference point of its place of origin. The bus
moves with certain speed, at a rate by which it
accelerates at specific time. With regards to the
man, there is no motion as there is no change
in his position nor displacement.
What will happen to the man as he
is standing still and the bus move
forward? How about when the bus
suddenly stops?

CVLIS
The man’s body has inertia, and so a force is needed to
change its velocity, the man’s body moves backward as
the bus moves forward. As the man’s hold on to the
grips handle, the force exerted by the bus through the
handle makes the man’s body forward velocity. The
illustration demonstrates the property of an object to
resist any change in its state of motion. This is known as
inertia.

Inertia
- the tendency of objects to resist changes
in state of motion
States of motion may be:
-At rest
-Moving with a constant velocity
-Moving with changing velocity
(Accelerating)
CVLIS

Law of Inertia
An object at rest will remain at rest and an
object in motion will remain in motion moving
with constant velocity unless acted upon by a
net force.
CVLIS

Newton’s First Law
(law of inertia)
An object at rest tends to stay at
rest and an object in motion
tends to stay in motion unless
acted upon by an unbalanced
force.

Balanced Force
Equal forces in opposite
directions produce no motion

Unbalanced Forces
Unequal opposing forces
produce an unbalanced force
causing motion

If objects in motion tend to stay in motion, why don’t
moving objects keep moving forever?
Things don’t keep moving forever because there’s almost always
an unbalanced force acting upon them.
A book sliding across a table slows down and
stops because of the force of friction.
If you throw a ball upwards it will eventually
slow down and fall because of the force of
gravity.

Newton’s First Law
(law of inertia)
MASS is the measure of the amount of
matter in an object.
It is measured in Kilograms

1st Law
Unless acted upon by
an unbalanced force,
this golf ball would sit
on the tee forever.

What is this unbalanced force that acts
on an object in motion?

CVLIS
Watch it!

How Mass and Inertia related?
 A more massiveobject has a
greater tendency to resist changes
in its state of motion.
CVLIS

Which has more
inertia?
A B
CVLIS

Direction: Multiple Choices. Read the questions. Give the letter of the
correct answer.
Multiple Choices: Choose the letter of the correct answer.
1. What is Newton's First Law known as? The Law
A. Friction B. Gravity C. Inertia D. Mass
2. What is Newton's First Law
A. An object at rest stays at rest, an object in motion stays in motion.
B. Every action has an equal and opposite reaction
C. F=ma
D. Friction
3. Inertia is responsible for all of these EXCEPT
A. Gravity B. Kicking dirt off a shoe C. Throwing a person
against a seatbelt D. Planets staying in orbit

4. Which best defines inertia?
A. Change in velocity over time C. Friction
B. Newton's second law of motion D. Resistance to
changes in motion
5. How long will an object remain at rest, according to
Newton’s First Law of Motion?
A. It can’t rest. B. Until noon.
C. Until an unbalanced force occurs.
D. As long as there are unbalanced forces acting on it.

R C I N
E A
E I B M
W O F N T
Fill in the box the correct letter (s) being described in each item. Write your answer in your notebook.
1. The scientist who formulated the laws of motion.
2. The force needed to stop an object in motion is called?
3. The property of an object that resists change in its state of motion.
4. The sum of all the forces acting on the object is zero, which is the first condition of it and it has two forms.
5. The body will remain at rest or move at constant velocity unless acted upon by an external net force r
unbalanced force.
W N

CVLIS

According to Newton’s second law...
• AKA: the “Law of Acceleration”
• Newton’s second law states that the amount of force is
equal to an objects mass times its acceleration.
• The acceleration of an object is directly proportional
to the net force & indirectly proportional to its’
mass.

• Acceleration is directly related to the size of the
force and the direction of the force.
• It accelerates in the direction you push or pull it.
CVLIS

Large Force = LargeAcceleration
F
a
CVLIS

Small Force = SmallAcceleration
F
a
So….if you push twice as hard, it accelerates
twice as much.
CVLIS

•Acceleration is INVERSELY
related to the mass of the
object.
CVLIS
But there is a twist….

In other words…..using the same amount of force….
F
Large Mass a
Small acceleration
F
Small Mass
Large acceleration
a
CVLIS

However, the Second Law gives us an exact
relationship between force, mass, and
acceleration.
It can be expressed as a mathematical
equation:
FORCE = MASS times ACCELERATION
The units used for force
is Newtons (N)
(N = kg m/sec2).
The units used for mass are
kilograms (kg) The acceleration units
are meters per second
squared (m/sec2).

Answer:
50 N
G
R
E
OLUTION:
A
Chel's car, which weighs 1,000 kg, is out of gas. Chel is
trying to push the car to a gas station, and he makes the car go
0.05 m/s². Using Newton's Second Law, you can compute how much
force Chel is applying to the car.
IVEN:
EQUIRED:
QUATION:
S
NSWER:
m = 1000 kg a = 0.05 m/s²
FORCE
F= ma or F = m*a
F = (1000 kg)(0.05m/s²)

Answer:
G
R
E
OLUTION:
A
Audrey moved into a new home on Friday. While moving boxes,
she attempted to calculate the acceleration of the box. The 12Kg box
was moved with the amount of force of 110N. What was the
acceleration of the box?
IVEN:
EQUIRED:
QUATION:
S
NSWER:
Let’s Practice
m = 12 kg
Acceleration
a = F/m
a = 110N/12 kg
a = 5 m/s²

Check Your Understanding
What acceleration will result when
a 45 N net force applied to a 4 kg
object?

A net force of 81 N causes a mass
to accelerate at a rate of 9 m/s2.
Determine the mass.

How much force is needed to
accelerate a 300kg skier 5 m/sec²?

What is the force on a 1000 kg
elevator that is falling freely at 0.98
m/sec²?

If a 316N net force makes an object
accelerate at 8 m/sec², what is the
mass of the object?

1. What acceleration will result when a 12 N
net force applied to a 3 kg object?
4 m/s²
2. A net force of 16 N causes a mass to
accelerate at a rate of 5 m/s2. Determine the
mass.
3.2 kg
3. How much force is needed to accelerate a 66
kg skier 1 m/sec²?
66 kg-m/sec² or 66 N
4. What is the force on a 1000 kg elevator that
is falling freely at 9.8 m/sec²?
9800 kg-m/sec² or 9800 N

For every action, there is
an equal and opposite
reaction.
CVLIS
Law of Interaction(ACTION/REACTION)

CVLIS
3rd Law
Newton’s 3rd law of motion tells us four
characteristics of forces.
 Forces always occur in pairs (action and reaction
forces).
 Action and reaction are equal in magnitude.
 Action and reaction are opposite in direction.
 Action and reaction act on different bodies.

• Action force- the man pushes car
• Reaction force- the car pushes man
• When making a push to a car , a force is exerted in a car, whose reaction will
push us directly with the same force in the opposite direction.
Here are some of the situations that deals practically in understanding the Third
Law of Motion.
Pushing a car
CVLIS

CVLIS
• Action force- air inside the balloon rushes down
• Reaction force – the balloon moves upward
• The air inside rushes down and the balloon moves upward. In this
situation, the action is by the balloon that pushes the air out of it
when setting free. The reaction of the air which escapes out from the
balloon
ACTION
REACTION

The reaction of a rocket is an
application of the third law of
motion. Various fuels are
burned in the engine,
producing hot gases.
The hot gases push against the
inside tube of the rocket and
escape out the bottom of the
tube. As the gases move
downward, the rocket moves
in the opposite direction.
CVLIS

Flying gracefully through the
air, birds depend on Newton’s
third law of motion. As the
birds push down on the air
with their wings, the air
pushes their wings up and
gives them lift.
CVLIS

Action Force
The hammer pushes the nail
downward
Reaction Force
The nail pushes the hammer
upwards.

System A
• Action Force: the gravity
is pulling the skater downward
• Reaction Force: the
ground pushing the skater
upward
System B
• Action Force: the skater
pushes ground backward
• Reaction Force: the
ground pushes the skater to
move forward

The ball is
pushed
downwards
The ball bounces upward

Identify at least six pairs of action-reaction force pairs in the in the
illustration below.
•
What is the ACTION force?
What is the REACTION force?

hot gases escape out the bottom of the tube
gases move downward
the rocket moves in the opposite direction/upward

The ball is pushed downwards
The ball bounces upward
The hammer pushes the nail
downward
The nail pushes the hammer
upwards.

Learning Task No.2 : Use the GRESA Method in solving the problem
below. Show your solutions. Write your answers in your notebook.
1. What is the mass of the cart with a constant net force of 200N is
exerted to accelerate from rest to a velocity of 40m/s in 10 s.
A. 0.5 kg C. 50 kg
B. 5 kg D. 500 kg
2. What is the acceleration of a ball with a mass of 0.40 kg is hit with
a force of 16N?
A . 0.4 m/s² C. 400 m/s²
B. 40 m/s² D. 4000 m/s²

3. What is the external net force exerted on a 3.5 kg
papaya, which is being pushed across a table and has an
acceleration of 2.2 m/s² to the left?
A. 7.0N to the left C. 7.7N to the left
B. 7.5N to the right D. 7.7N to the right
4. What is the mass of a crate with a net force of
300N and accelerate it by 0.750 m/s²?
A. 0.4 kg C. 40 kg
B. 4 kg D. 400 kg

Learning Task No. 3: Refer to the illustration shown in Picture A and Picture B.
Answer the guide questions .
Picture A Picture B
1. Which picture shows that the object is at rest?
2. Which picture shows that the object is in motion?
3. What keeps the object remain at rest?
4. What makes the object in motion causes changes in its state of ?

Learning Task No. 4: Analyze the given activities below. Write the letter that best
describes the effect of force in the object in each activity.
A force causing an object to :
A - start moving
B - stop moving
C - change direction
1. pushing a cart 6. throwing a ball
2 catching a ball 7. running in an oval
3. lifting a sack of rice 8. braking of a moving car
4. steering a moving boat 9. blowing across rising smoke
5. throwing darts on a dartboards 10. hitting a baseball with a bat

Scenarios First law Second law
1. The bus driver suddenly starts his engine when he realized that it is already his time to go. The
passengers sitting or
standing in the bus tend to fall backward.
2. The player hits a baseball ball harder so it goes faster and longer.
3. The driver suddenly stops the car and his passengers strain
against the seatbelt.
4. The bus decelerates when it approaches the checkpoint for
inspection.
5. The visitors were amazed when the waiter pulls the tablecloth out from under the table full of
dishes.
Learning Task 5: It’s in the law
Determine if the scenarios stated are related to Newton’s first or second laws.
Mark a check ( ✔ ) that corresponds to the law.

MELC 1 (WEEK 1) laws of MOTION.pptx

MELC 1 (WEEK 1) laws of MOTION.pptx

Recommended

Recommended

More Related Content

Similar to MELC 1 (WEEK 1) laws of MOTION.pptx

Similar to MELC 1 (WEEK 1) laws of MOTION.pptx (20)

Recently uploaded

Recently uploaded (20)

MELC 1 (WEEK 1) laws of MOTION.pptx