King theory with application

1. WELCOME
imogine king nursing theory
Manaswi debbarma
Assistant professor of
tripura College of nursing

2. INTRODUCTION
• Imogene king completed basic
nursing education in 1945
• Received BS in nursing education in
1948
• Received MS in nursing in 1957 from
Louis university.
• In 1961 awarded a doctorate in
education.

3. • Formulating the theory while an
associate profession of nursing at Loyola
university, Chicago.
• In 1971 published Toward a theory for
nursing: General concepts of human
behavior, proposed conceptual
framework for nursing rather than a
theory.
• In 1981, she refined her ideas in A
theory for nursing: systems, concepts,
and process.

4. KING’S OPEN SYSTEMS
FRAMEWORK
• King’s several assumptions are basic
to her conceptual framework.
• Assumptions include,
--Nursing’s goal is health of individuals
and health care for groups.
--Human beings are open systems in
constant interaction

5. conceptual frame work composed of
three interacting systems.
 PERSONAL SYSTEM
 INTERPERSONAL SYSTEM
 SOCIAL SYSTEM

6. DYNAMIC INTERACTING SYSTEMS

7. A. PERSONAL SYSTEM
Individuals comprise one type of
system in the environment called
personal system. Each individual is a
Personal system. The relevant
concepts are:

8. PERSONAL
SYSTEM
PERCEPTION
SELF
GROWTH &
DEVELOPMENT
BODY IMAGE
SPACE
TIME

9. PERCEPTION:
It influences the behavior. It is universal;
highly subjective and unique to each person.
SELF:
It is a person’s total subjective location. It is a
composite of thoughts & feelings which constitute a
person’s awareness of his/her individual existence.
The self includes ideas, attitudes, values &
commitments. It is that to which we refer when we
say “I”.

10. GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT:
Refers to all changes include
cellular, molecular, & behavioral changes in human
beings. Usually orderly & predictable.
BODY IMAGE:
It is very personal & subjective. As a
person’s perceptions of his/her own body, other’s
reactions to his/her appearance & is a result of
others reactions as well.

11. SPACE:
It is characterized as universal, defined by
the physical area known as ‘territory’( body
controlled by the particularly himself /herself ).
TIME:
Unidirectional or irreversible as it moves from
past to future with a continuous flow of events.

12. B. INTERPERSONAL SYSTEM
Interpersonal system is formed by human beings
interacting. The relevant concepts for
interpersonal systems are:
Interaction
Communication
Transaction
Role
Stress

13. INTERACTION:
Defined as the observable behavior of
2 or more persons in mutual presence &
containing verbal &nonverbal communication;
being mutual or interdependent.
COMMUNICATION
Refers to transmission of information from
one person to another either directly (face to
face)or indirectly .it is the information component
of interaction.

14. TRANSACTION:
It is a process of interactions in with
human beings communicate with environment
to achieve goals i.e are valued – goal directed
human behavior.
ROLE:
It includes reciprocity in i.e. a person
may be a giver at one time & a taker at another
time, with a relationship between 2 or more
individuals who are functioning in 2 or more
roles , learned, social, complex & situational.

15. STRESS:
It refers to an exchange of
energy, either positive or negative, between
a person & environment; objects, persons &
events can serve as stressors. The intensity
varies.
COPING:
Coping is not defined by King’s.

16. When interpersonal systems are come
together, they form a larger system called social
system
EXAMPLES : families, religious groups,
educational system, work systems & peer
groups.
C. SOCIAL SYSTEM

17.  Organisation
 Authority
 Power
 Status
 Decision making
SOCIAL SYSTEM

18. ORGANIZATION:
Composed of human beings
with prescribed roles & positions who use
resources to accomplish personal &
organizational goals.
AUTHORITY:
Refers to the observable behavior
of providing guidance & order & being
responsible for actions;

19. POWER:
It, is characterized by the ability to use resources for goal
attainment.
STATUS:
It refers to the position occupied by a person in a
group or the position occupied by a group in relation to
other groups in an organization; it is accompanied by
certain duties, privileges & obligations.
DECISION MAKING:
It results from developing & acting on perceived
choices for goal attainment.

21. ELEMENTS IN INTERACTIONS
• Action
• Reaction
• Disturbance
• Mutual goal setting
• Explore means to achieve goal
• Agree on means to achieve goal
• Transaction
• Goal(s) Achieved

22. Perception
Nurse
Communication
Transaction
Agree
to means
Explore
means
Action
Reaction
Disturbance
Mutual
goal
setting
Perception
Client
Communication

23. The elements in the interactions combines
some factors from the classification system &
the process of human interaction. Both client
& nurse perceive throughout the process;
they communicate, thus creating action.
Actions results in reactions,& if
there is a disturbance, goals may be set. At
this point, means for goal achievement are
explored & agreed upon, transactions are
made, & goal attainment results.

24. SEVEN HYPOTHESES
 Patients interactions increases mutual goal setting
 Communication increases mutual goal setting
between nurse and patients and leads to
satisfactions.
 Satisfactions in nurses and patients increase goal
attainment.
 Goal attainment decreases stress and anxiety in
nursing situations.

25.  Goal attainment increases patients learning and
coping ability in nursing situations
 Role conflict experienced by patients, nurses, or
both decreases transactions in nurse - patient
interaction
 Role expectations and role performance
increases transactions in nurse - patient
interactions.

27. Perception
Judgement
Judgement
Perception
Nurse
Client
Action Reaction
Action Reaction
Interactions Transactions

28. Application of king theory in nursing
process
• Mr. Roy is 74 years married , got admission in
surgical ward with a diagnosis of indirect
inguinal hernia underwent herniorrhapy .

29. Nurse
Patie
nt
Perception
1)Vital sign normal except
BP 140/90mm of Hg.
2)Vision difficulty
3)Pain at the surgical site
4)Lack of bowel
movement form 2 days
Judgement
1)Acute pain related to
surgical incision
2)Risk for constipation
related to NPO
Judgement
1)Patient requires
management for his pain .
2)Patients understands the
need taking care of health
and ready to work on
there aspects
Perception
1)I am having pain on the
area of surgery while
moving
2)I have vision problem
on my left eye
3) I have hypertension for
last 7 years with
medication
Action
1)Reduce pain
- Assess pain scale
- Administer
medicine
- Provide comfort
2)Improve bowel
movement
- Administer enema
- Provide adequate
fluid and fibre in
diet
3) Guiding the patients
regarding the health
situation and it’s care .
Action
• Freedom from pain
• Adequate bowel
movement
• Acquiring adequate
knowledge
regarding his health
problem
Reaction
• Increase
the
comfort
• Free
from
constipa
tion
Reaction
• Cooperate
and
following
the
instruction
of health
profession
• Gaining
knowledg
e
Interaction
1)Reduce pain
- Assessed
pain scale 6-
8.
- Provide
comfortable
position
- Administered
inj.tramazac
75mg
+inj.Phenerga
n 25mg IM.
- Provided
clam and
quite
environment.
2)Improve bowel
pattern
- Assessed
bowel
movement .
- Provided
adequate
fluid and
fibre in diet .
- Encouraged
daily exercise
on the bed .
Transacti
on
-Pain
scale is
3-4 .
-Patient
passed
stool