2. This is the summary of chapter IV and VIII from
the book titled ‘E- learning in the 21st century’.
The author of the book is Garrison, D. R. (2003).
3.
Online learning and internet currently
captured global attention
Educational technology started with use of
slates and papers to the advance use of
technology
Educational technologies is defined as the
those tools used in formal educational practice
to disseminate, illustrate, communicate or
immerse learners and teachers in activities
purposively designed to induce learning
4. There are four generations of distance education
technology and they are:
First Generation- behaviorist believe of
learning (one way web based learning)
Second Generation- cognitivist believe of
learning
Third Generation- constructivist believe of
learning ( two way web based learning)
Fourth Generation- combination of first three
generations
5. There are five functions that technologically
mediated interaction to support in an educational
context. They are:
Pacing
Elaboration
Confirmation
Navigation
Inquiry
7.
Technology viewed in terms of progressive
generation
Existence of all generation simultaneously on
the web today
E-learning used as the means of interaction
amongst students, faculty, non human forms of
content and teachers
10. 1. Establishing curriculum
2. Identifying resources
3. Defining clear expectations and goals (process and
content)
4. Addressing technological concerns
5. Structuring activities ( collaborative and individual)
6. setting time-frames
7. devising assessment processes and instruments and
8. Selecting media
11.
To let each student feel welcome and is given the
reassurance that they are part of a community of
learners.
Create trust among the learners and with the teacher.
A sense of belonging to a critical community.
A sense of control
A sense of accomplishment.
A willingness to engage and discourse.
A conversational tone.
A questioning attitude.
12.
Focus discussion on key issues
Provide stimulating questions
Identify puzzling issues arising from responses
Challenges ideas and precipitate reflection
Moderate but not overly direct discussion
Test ideas theoretically or vicariously through
application
Move on when discussion ebbs or has served its
purpose and
Facilitate meta-cognitive awareness
13. E-learning is a fast moving area of study
and practice. For this reason, teachers
need to be teaching scholars if they are
to remain current. This represents a
considerable workload of designing and
delivering an e-learning educational
experience.
To
compound
the
challenge,
there
are
enormous
administrative
responsibilities
and
organizational issues that also needs to
be taken care of.
