1. Shodh, Samiksha aur Mulyankan (International Research Journal)—ISSN-0974-2832,Vol. II, Issue-11-12 (Dec.2009—Jan.2010) 75
DRAINAGE MORPHOMETRY ANALYSIS,
THROUGHRS & GIS TECHNIQUE
A CASE STUDY IN AND AROUND
SEHORE TOWN, DISTRICT
SEHORE (M.P.) *Dr. D.R. Tiwari **Dr. Satish Chakravarty
Research paper *****Surendra Kumar Khatarkar
The measurement of drainage parameters provides Where two streams join second order segment was
the Hydrologist & Geomorphologist with the useful form. iii. Where two second order streams unite third
numerical measure of landscape dissection & runoff order segment was formed and so on.
potential. Drainage Morphometry parameter, which is PARAMETERS OF DRAINAGE MORPHOLOGY
calculated : -a.Bifurcation Ratio (for each stream order) i. Bifurcation Ratio: - It is relation between no. of
b. Total length of stream c. Mean length of stream d. streams of one order an of next higher order which was
Basin area e. Length of Basin f. Width of Basin g. obtain by dividing no. of streams in one order by the
Basin perimeter h. Basin circularity i. Basin elongation no. of the stream in next highest order for all the orders
j. Drainage density k. Constant of Channel of the stream. These calculations were also based on
Maintenance l. Stream frequency (for each stream Strahler method. ii. Drainage Density: - This is a useful
order) m. Texture ratio (for each stream order) n. Height measure of frequency and spacing of streams with in
of basin mouth o. Height of highest point of watershed drainage basin. Drainage density (Dd) is expressed in
p. Total basin relief q. Relief ratio r. Rugedness no. km. Channel length per Km.Sq of basin area. Dd =
Study Area Total stream / Total basin area iii. Stream frequency :- It
The area under investigation is located in tehsil is ratio of total no. of streams of any order & the area
Sehore district. The study area is bounded by this of the basin in which its lies. i.e. F = Nu /Au where
study area under investigation is located in latitude F – Stream frequency of any order 1- 4 Au – Area of
23o05' 23o15' and longitude 76o55’ 77o15' as per basin where stream lies Nu – No. of streams of any
Survey of India toposheet nos. 55A/16, and 55E/04 order 1-4 iv. Texture ratio:-It is the ratio of total no.
which covers an area of about 576 Sq. Km. stream of any order & perimeter of the area which it
METHODOLOGY lays. This quantitative analysis of drainage networks
Mapping of drainage pattern was carried out using was developed –
satellite data on 1:50,000 scale. Computation of o To enable compressions to be made between
parameters required for morphometric analysis, different drainage basins. o To enable relationships
ordering, lengths, area etc. were estimated using G.I.S. between different aspects of drainage pattern of same
Technique. Geomorphological parameter of study area basin. o To define certain useful properties of drainage
were quantify using digitize drainage map. Important basins in numerical terms The measurement of drainage
parameter was thus derived by G.I.S. analysis, are density provides a hydrologist or geomorphologist
given below in the Tables. with a useful numerical measure of landscape
Strahler’s method was used in order designation dissection and runoff potential. On a highly permeable
of the stream network:- i. On a detail topographical landscape, with small potential for runoff, drainage
map the smallest head water tributaries of the basin densities are sometimes less than 1 kilometer per
were identified and design as first order stream. ii. square kilometer. On highly dissected surfaces
* Asstt. Professor Govt. M.V.M. College, Bhopal
** Project Scientist, M.P. Council of Science & Technology, Bhopal
***Research Scholar Govt. M.V.M. CollegeBhopal

2. 76 ‡ÊÊœ, ‚◊ˡÊÊ •ÊÒ⁄U ◊ÍÀÿÊ¢∑§Ÿ (•ãÃ⁄U⁄UÊCÔ˛UËÿ ‡ÊÊœ ¬ÁòÊ∑§Ê)—ISSN-0974-2832,Vol. II, Issue-11-12 (Dec.2009—Jan.2010)
densities of over 500 kilometers per square kilometer way to understand the hydrologic behavior of different
are often reported. Closer investigations of the basins. The geomorphological properties which are
processes responsible for drainage density variation important from hydrological studies point of view
has discovered that a number of factors collectively includes linear, aerial and relief aspect of watersheds.
influence stream density. These factors include climate, G.I.S. analysis made the computation of parameter
topography, soil infiltration capacity, vegetation, and required for morphometric analysis easier & less time
geology. Linking of Geomorphological parameters with consuming then manual method like area measurement,
hydrological characteristics of basin provides a simple Length measurement & calculations etc.
OVERALL DRAINAGE MORPHOMETRY ANALYSIS RESULTS OF THE STUDY AREA
R E F E R E N C E
· Chow, V.T.(1968), Applied Hydrology, McGraw-Hill
Inc. ,New York · Gazetteer of India(1970),Madhya
Pradesh state · Gupta, R.S.(1989), Hydrology and
Hydraulics systems, Prentice Hall, New Jersy ·
Hydrology in Practice(1983), Second edition
,Chapman and Hall, London, New York ·
Hydrology(section)1972,-soil conservation
service(SCS)National Engineering Aerial Book ,USA ·
Project report of Bhoj wetland(project on Upper-lower
lake of Bhopal ,M.P. funded by Overseas Economic
Cooperation Fund(OCEF), Japan in September 1993)
· Salas, J.D. Handbook of Hydrology ,McGraw-Hill
Inc.,New York. · Vijay P. Singh,(1992), Prentice –
Hall of India, Pvt. Limited