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107 109
- 1. International Indexed & Refereed Research Journal, January, 2013 ISSN 0975-3486, RNI- RAJBIL- 2009-30097, VOL- IV * ISSUE- 40
January,2013
egkjk"VªkP;k bfrgklkr b-lu 1681 rs 1700 gk dky[kaM jk.khin izkIr >kys gksr-s R;keqGs rkjkckbZP;k vaxps xq.k ;kosGh
^^ejkB;kaP;k Lokra™; ;q/nkpk dky[kaM** ekuyk tkrks- ,dk la/kh o LOkkra™; feGkY;kus vkiksvki izdV gksr xsy-s
vFkkZus gk dky[kaM f'kodkGkrp eksMrks- dkj.k f'kokth 30 tqu 1689 yk jktkjke iUgkGxMkoj vkys- iw<s
egkjktkaps dk;Z gs dsoG R;kP;k dkjdhnhZijrsp e;kZnhr
w 26 lIVacj 1689 jksth R;kauh xMko#u dukZVdkr ftathdMs
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uOgrs- rj R;kpk izHkko egkjktkaP;k e`R;wurjgh egkjk"Vªkr iko
a dwp dsy-s ;k rhu efg.;kaP;k dkyko/khr LojkT;krhy jktdh;
'krdkP;k bfrgklkoj iMysyk fnlrks- ifjfLFkrh vf/kdp xaHkhj cur pkyyh gksrh- ijarw R;kaP;k
Lokra™;;q/n dkGkr N=irh laHkkth] N=irh jktkjke vuqifLFkrhr LojkT;krhy dkjHkkjkph O;oLFkk yko.ks vko';d
o egkjk.kh rkjkckbZ vls rhu jkT;drsZ ejkB;kauk ykHkys- gksr-s jktkjkekauh egkjk"Vªkrhy jkT;kP;k dkjHkkjkph tckcnkjh
R;kiSdh laHkkth egkjktkaph dkjdhnZ nqnSoh Bjyh- laHkkth
Z jkepanz fuGdaB] 'kadjth ukjk;.k] larkth ?kksjiMs o /kukth
jktkoj ladVs Lofd;kauhp vk.kyh gksrh- rj jktkjke egkjktkoj tk/ko ij'kqjke ™;acd ;kaP;koj lksifoyh- jkT;kps ize[k q
ladVs 'k=quh vkuyh gksrh- jktkjke egkjktkP;k fu/kukuarj vf/kdkjh o lsukuh ;kaps R;kauh rkjkckbZP;k v/;{krs[kkyh
ejkBk jkT;kaph /kqjk lkaHkkG.;kph tckcnkjh egkjk.kh rkjkckbZoj jkteaMG fuekZ.k dsy-s jktkjkekP;k vuqifLFkrhewGs egkjk"Vªkr
iMyh- ;kosGh vkSjxtsckus vkiY;k lSU;kr uO;k nekps lSU;
a th iksdGh fuekZ.k >kyh rh iksdGh egkjktkaP;k jkteaMG
vkuqu ejkB;kafo#/n eksfge gkrh ?ksryh gksrh- uO;k jkt/kkuhl fuehZrheqGs Hk#u dk<yh xsyh- rsOgk lokZFkkZus egkjk"Vªkr rkjkckbZ
lkrk&;kpk os<k iMyk gksrk- LojkT;kr loZ= /kqePNdzh pkyw g;k jktdkjHkkjkP;k ize[k cuY;k-
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gksrh- dkcqyiklwu caxkyi;Zr o dkf'ejiklwu dkosjh i;Zr
a a v'kkizdkjs jkT; ladVkrwu tkr vlrkauk rs
iljysY;k izn'kkP;k lezkVk'kh egkjk”Vªkrhy r#u fo/kuk jk.kh
s lkaHkkG.;kph /kqjk fu;rhus rkjkckbZoj Vkdyh- vR;ar izfrdwy
la?k”kZ djko;kl mHkh jkgrs- jktkjke egkjktkaP;k e`R;wP;k ifjfLFkrhr jkT; dls lkaHkkGk;ps ;kps izR;{k f'k{k.k R;kauk
osGh ejkBk jkT; laiys vls vkSjxtsckl okVys i.k vls dkgh
a ;k dkGkrp feGkys- jkepanz iafMr o 'kadjth ukjk;.k ;kaP;k
u ?kMrk eksxy ejkBk la?k”kZ vf/kdp froz cuyk o R;kus [kqí lkj[ks iz'kkld] larkth o /kukth ;kaP;k lkj[ks lsukuh ;kaP;k
vkSjaxtsckl laifoys- leosr jkT;kpk dkjHkkj dfjr vlrkauk rkjkckbZP;k vaxh
rkjkckbZpk tUe b-lu 1675 e/;s >kyk- R;kaP;k jkT;dkjHkkj dkS'kY; o j.k dkS'kY; gs xq.k fuekZ.k >kys-
ofMykps uko gachjjko eksfgrs gksr-s R;kaP;k tUekiklwu rs ejkBk eksxy la?k"kZ & 1699 &-1700
yX.kki;Zrpk lqekjs 10 o"kkZpk dkG gk y”djh /kke/kqehpk o
a lkrk&;kpk os<k pkyw vlrkaukp flagxMkoj jktkjke
jktdh; myk<kyhpk gksrk- b-lu 1684&85 P;k lqekjkl egkjkt e`R;w ikoys- lai.kZ ejkBh jkT; nq%[kkr cqMkys- laHkkth
w
jktkjke rkjkckbZ fookg >kyk- Lokra™;;q/nkP;k dky[kaMkr jkT;kP;k o/kkuarj ejkBh jkT;kyk clysyk gk lokZr eksBk
laHkkth egkjktkaP;k dSnph okrkZ jktxMkoj iksgpY;kuarj
s /kDdk gksrk r'kkr vkSjxtsckus ejkBh fdY;koj tksjnkj eksfge
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jktdh; 'kg&izfr'kg ppkZ o lYyk elyrh lq# >kY;k- m?kMyh gksrh- ejkBk lRrk fcdV dky[kaMkrwu tkr vlrk
R;kosGh rkjkckbZ jk;xMkoj gksR;k- R;kaP;k leksj ejkB;kaph jkT;dkjHkkjkpk loZHkkj iapfol o”kkZP;k fo/kok rkjkckbZoj
jktdkj.ks ?kMr gksrh- xMkyk iMysY;k os<;krwu fulVwu iMyk- jktkjke egkjktkP;k e`R;wus ejkB;kaph <klGysyh cktw
vki.kgh jktkjke egkjktkcjkscj ckgsj iMkos ts R;k tkuwu lko#u /kjs i;Zr R;kauh ckn'kgk'kh rgkP;k okVk?kkVh lq#
a
gksR;k- R;kposGh R;kpk izR;{k jktdkj.kk'kh lac/k vkyk-
a BsoY;k- R;kosGh rkjkckbZ fo'kkyxMkoj gksR;k- jk"VªfgrklkBh
eksxykauk pdek nsou jktkjke egkjktkcjkscj tsOgk R;k
w irhP;k e`R;wus >kysys vrho nq%[k fxGwu rkjkckbZus jkT;dkjHkkjkph
jk;xMkgwu izRkkixMkl vkY;k rsOgkiklwu R;kaP;k [kMrj loZ lq=s gkrh ?ksryh- R;kaps gs d`R; vlkekU; euks/kS;kZps o
thoukl lqjokr >kyh rh 1689 iklwu izrkixMkoj jktkjke vykSdhd Lokra™;izekps gksr-s
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egkjktkapk nksu vfMp efgus eqDdke gksrk- gk dkG rkjkckbZ rkjkckbZps okLrO; fo'kkyxMkoj gksrs- rsFkwu R;kauh
o jktkjke ;kaP;k ftoukrhy vR;ar egRokpk dkG gksrk- eksxykapk ekspkZ m/kGwu yko.;klkBh vusd ejkBh ljnkjkph
dkj.k jktkjke egkjkt ejkB;kaps N=irh >kys- rsOgk rkjkckbZuk a jokuxh dsyh gksrh- vkSjxtsckus os<k ?kkrysyk izR;sd fdYyk
RESEARCH ANALYSIS AND EVALUATION 107
- 2. International Indexed & Refereed Research Journal, January, 2013 ISSN 0975-3486, RNI- RAJBIL- 2009-30097, VOL- IV * ISSUE- 40
vusd efgus y<foyk xsyk rj vls lkr@vkB fdYys ?ks.;krp #i;s nsou ?ksryk Eg.ktsp eksxykauh gk fot; fodr ?ksryk
w
R;kaP;k vk;q”;kph e;kZnk laiy vls rkjkckbZyk okVs- R;klkBh
s gksrk-
fdY;kojhy f'kcanhus R;kaP;k'kh y<rkauk 'kFkhZus iz;Ru djko;kl rkjkckbZps vkdzed /kksj.k ¼b-lu- 1702 iklwu½
ikfgts vls tkuwu os<k iMysY;k f'kcanhyk R;k fnyklk nsr rkjkckbZus vkdzed ifo=k ?ksryk egkjk"VªkP;k ckgsj
vlr- Eg.ktsp y”djh la?k"kkZP;k dk;kZr R;k tkrhus y{k nsr xqtjkt ekGok] vka/kz] dukZVd o rkfeGukMw bR;knh Hkkxkr
gksR;k iUgkGk o ikouxM ;sFkhy f'kcanh rsy ?kkywu xMkps ejkBs /kkMlh vkdze.k dfjr vlY;kps fnlwu ;sr-s eksxy
laj{k.k djr gksrh- ejkBs osGksoGh eksxyh ekspkZoj gYys p<for
s ckn'kgk LojkT;krhy fdYys ?ks.;kP;k r;kjhr vlrkauk R;kP;k
gksr-s R;kauk rkjkckbZdMwu vko';d R;k lqpuk o fnyklk lkezkT;kP;k brj lqH;koj Lok&;k ;kstu R;k ;'kLoh dj.;kps
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feGr gksrk- xMkoj jkepaniaryk ohl gtkj lSU; cjkscj rkjkckbZps /kksj.k vR;ar eqRlÌsfxjhps gksr-s
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gksrh- /kkMlh ejkBk ljnkjkl ueZnk ikj d#u ekGO;kr Lokjh
ejkBk eksxy la?k"kZ b-l-1701&1702 % djko;kl ikBfoys ckn'kgk vkiY;k lSU;klg fo'kkyxMkl
iUgkGk o ikouxM gs fdYys jks[k 55 gtkj #i;s os<k ?kkywu clyk vlrk ejkB;kauk c&gk.kiwj ;k mRrjsdMs
?ksmu vkSjxtsckP;k Lok/khu dsys- ;k eksfgesP;k osGh rkjkckbZus
a tk.kk&;k ekxkZojhy ize[k 'kgjkoj gYyk p<foyk- rs 'kgj
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dksurs y”djh /kksj.k fLodkjys gksr-s ;kps ;FkkFkZ foospu Jh mn~/oLr d#u rsFkhy lqHksnkjkl dSn dsy-s ejkB;kauh [kaMuh
lsrw ek/kojko ixMh ;kauh dsys vkgs- rs Eg.krkr- ^^fdYys nsoup R;k lqHksnkjkyk vkiyh lqVdk d#u ?;koh ykxyh- ;k
w
'ksoVi;Zr vkf.k ftokoj mnkj gksou y<fous o O;FkZ izk.kgk.kh
a w fot;kuarj ejkBs xksoydksM;kP;k cktwus ljdys-
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a fnyh ukgh rj loZ 'kgj csfpjk[k d#- 'kgjkP;k j{kukFkZ Hkyh
o ejkB;kaP;k QkStkauh o loZ nf{k.kHkj fuca/k lapkj djko;kpk
Z eksBh [kaM.kh nsoup R;kyk ejkB;kauk ijr ?kkyokos ykxys-
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?ksou o rksgh ikolkGk rksMkoj vkY;koj Eg.kts ikolkG;kr
w a vkiyh QkSt o&gkMP;k izn'kkr /kkMyh gksrh- ;k QkStsus ywV
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fdYys fQ#.k ?ksr izR;sd fdY;koj HkDde f'kcanh Bso.;kbrds eksxykl gLrxr >kY;koj dukZVdkrhy csyksjP;k fdY;kf'kok;
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ejkB;kaps cjsp fdYys gLrxr dsys gksr-s iUgkG;kl eksxykapk fodr ?ksryk rlkp osyksjpk fdYyk iSls nsou >qYQhdkj[kkukus
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os<k iMrkp rkjkckbZus vkiyh jkt/kkuh fo'kkyxMkoj usyh- feGfoyk vls euqph Eg.krks-
o rsFkwu jkT;dkjHkkj dfjr gksR;k R;keqGs vkSjaxtsckus rkjkckbZpk dkjHkkj %&
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cnyoyh- fo'kkyxM ,soth izrkixM fg jkt/kkuh dsyh- dj.ks ,so<sp dke uOgrs tks izn'k vkiY;k rkC;kr vkgs- R;kP;k
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LojkT;kpk dkjHkkj o y”djh eksfgesps la;kstu d# ykxY;k- dkjHkkjkph O;oLFkk yko.ks nSunhu jkT;dkjHkkjkr fppoMP;k
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dkO;kus eksxykoj gYyk p<foys- ijkdze d#u ckn'kgkph ljY;k ukgh- rlsp pankph pksj?kk] ;slkth pksj?kk o nsoth
z
QkSt xkjn dj.;kpk vusd iz;Ru dsyk gksrk- rkjkckbZP;k ers pksj?kk g;k eaMGhauk lsocíy 'ksrlk&;kph ekQh feGkyh
s
os<k ?kkywu clysY;k eksxyh lSU;koj lkj[ks gYys p<owu o vlrkauk ljdkjh vf/kdk&;kauh R;kP;k dqVckdMwu eglwy
aw
eksxyh jln ek#u vkSjxtsckl lrr gSjk.k dsys ikfgts vls
a ?ksrys rkjkckbZyk dGys- rsOgk R;kauh vf/kdk&;kauk rkdhn
>kys dh rks fo'kkyxMkpk fopkj lksMy o nwljs Eg.kts
s nsrkauk EgVys ;kiw<s vlsp >kys rj dq.kkpkgh eqykfgtk gks.kkj
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cky N=irh lqjf{kr jk[k.ks gs ejkB;kaps ifgys drZO; gksr-s lkj[;k izfrf"Br eaMGhojhy vU;k;kphp rkjkckbZ nkn nsr
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nksUghgh okjlnkj vkSjxtsckP;k gkrh ;s.kkj gksr-s fo'kkyxM
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rs izrkixM ;k njE;ku tj ejkB;kaph rtsnkj QkSt ulsy rRijrsus djhr gksR;k dlck lkljoM ;sfFky egknth ;ekth
rj ^nax[kksj* vkSjxtsckl izrkixMkojgh QkStk
s a ;kl okMk cka/k.;klkBh rkjkckbZuh tehu feGowu fnyh ckbZP;k
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fo'kkyxM vkSjxtsckus ejkB;ka'kh okVk?kkVh d#u nksu yk[k
a rkjkckbZdMs vkyh rsOgk R;kauh loZ lqHksnkjkauk vkf.k y”djkrhy
108 RESEARCH ANALYSIS AND EVALUATION
- 3. International Indexed & Refereed Research Journal, January, 2013 ISSN 0975-3486, RNI- RAJBIL- 2009-30097, VOL- IV * ISSUE- 40
dkjdqukauk vkKk dk<yh- vkiY;k jkT;kr y”djkP;k yksdkauh fdYys vkiY;k opZLok[kkyh vk.kys gksr-s gs fdYys ijkdzekus
djolqyhP;k dkekr <oGk<oG djrk dkek u;s gs rkjkckbZP;k ejkB;kauh rkjkckbZP;k usr‘Rokr ejkB;kauk feGowu fnys- R;kaP;k
jkT;dkjHkkjkrhy ,dlq= ;k fBdk.kh Li"V fnlwu ;sr-s vaxh y”djh o`Rrh gksrh- brdsp uOgs rj R;kauh jkT;dkjHkkjgh
fu"d"kZ %& vR;ar dq'kyrsus lkaHkkGyk-
egkjk"Vªkr N=irhP;k Hkkslys ?kjk.;kcjkscj rGohMP;k vkSjaxtsckP;k e`R;qus nf{k.ksr pkyysys 26 o"kkZps
eksfgrs ?kjk.;kpkgh mn; >kyk gksrk- 'kgkth jktka'kh eksfgR;kaP;k izfn?kZ ;q/n laiys- ejkBh jkT; ,d eksfgesr fpjMwu Vkdw v'kh
ukR;kpk lac/k fuekZ.k >kY;kewGs R;kaph izfr"Bk ok<yh gksrh- /kedh ckGxw.k nf{kusr /kkowu vkysyk eksxy ckn'kgk ejkB;kauh
iw<s f'kodkGkr ;k ?kjk.;ke/;s gachjjko gk ijkdzeh lsukuh iko'krd [ksGfoyk o 'ksoVh egkjk.kh rkjkckbZP;k usrRok[kkyh
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fuekZ.k >kyk- ejkBh jkT;kP;k ijkdzekus o Lokfeuh”Bsus ejkBh R;kaP;k'kh 'ksoVpk y<k nsou nf{kusr fpjfunzk ?;ko;kl Hkkx
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lektkiw<s ,d vkn'kZ Bsoyk- egkjk.kh rkjkckbZ g;k v'kk 'kwj iMys- 25&26 o"kkZP;k ,dk r#u fo/kok jkuhus ,dk j.k >q>kja
o LojkT;izeh lsukirhP;k dU;k gksR;k- jktkjke egkjktkaP;k
s vkf.k dwfVy furhK ckn'kgk'kh fnysyk gk y”djh y<k
e`R;qurj dkslGwu u tkrk LojkT;klkBh loZ lq=s vkiY;k
a ejkB;kapkp uOgs rj vf[ky fganLFkkuP;k bfrgklkrhy ,d
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gkrkr ?ksou Lokra™; y<k lw# Bsoyk- vkSjxtsckus ejkB;kaps
w a lksusjh iku gksr-s
1½ iokj czk- t;lhaxjko & egkjk.kh rkjkckbZ] izdk'kd rkjkjk.kh fo|kihB] jktkjkeiwjh] dksYgkiwj
2½ csansz ok- lh-&N=irh laHkkth egkjkt ;kaps pfj= & iq.ks 1960
3½ csansz ok- lh- ekyksth jkts vkf.k 'kgkth egkjkt iq.ks 1960
RESEARCH ANALYSIS AND EVALUATION 109