In this presentation, the scholar is trying to highlight the contemporary social-economical condition of rural women in the rural Maharashtra at a glance.

1. xzkeh.k egkjk”Vªkrhy
Ekfgykaph
lkekftd o vkfFkZd fLFkrh
ek/koh dkacGs

2.  egkjk”Vª gk 36 ftYg;s 358 rkywD;kapk vkf.k 43665 xkokapk cuysyk vkgs-
egkjk”Vªkph ,dw.k yksdla[;s iSdh 55-8 % yksdla[;k fg [ksMsxkokr jkgkrs-
¼tux.kuk 2011½
xzkeh.k egkjk”Vª

3. xzkeh.k leqnk;kph oSf’k”V;s
 ‘ksrh gk izeq[k O;olk; o R;koj vk/kkfjr dkekps foHkktu vkf.k R;ko:u
funsZf’kr tkfr O;oLFkk- mnk- yksgkj tkrhps yksgkj dke] Ugkoh tkrhps
Ugkohdke b-
 la;qDr dqVawci/nrh] vkIrLodh; ,d= jkgrkr ¼Hkkodh½
 :<hfiz;rk vlrs uohu xks”Vh Lohdkj.;kph r;kjh ulrs- Js”B dfu”Brsph
tkfrO;oLFkse/;s Hkkouk vlrs- fodklkpk osx ean vlrks
 nkfjnz] vKku] va/kJ/nk gh cgqla[; dqVwackaph voLFkk vlrs- rFkkfi vk/kqfud
dkGkr f’k{k.k izlkj ek/;e ra=Kku lkj[;k lqfo/kk >kY;keqGs vKku nqj
gksr vkgs-

4.  xzkeh.k dqVqacakr fof’k”V dkS’kY;kpk dykra=kpk fodkl iajijsus >kysyk
vlrks- mnk- lqrkjdke] VksiY;k oG.ks b-
 LFkkfud LojkT; LkaLFkk gs xzkeh.k leqnk;kps egRokps oSf’k”V; vlwu
xzkeiapk;r tkrh tekrh iapk;rekQZr iwohZ U;k;nku pkyr vls vktgh
dkgh izek.kkr pkyrs-
 ;k oSf’k”Vkuka /;kukr ?ksÅu vki.k xzkeh.k egkjk”Vªkrhy Ekfgykaph
lkekftd o vkfFkZd fLFkrh tk.kwu ?ks.;kpk iz;Ru d:-

5.  xzkeh.k egkjk”Vªkrhy EkfgykaP;k izxrhP;k ekuadko:u vki.k rhP;k
lkekftd o vkfFkZd fLFkrh tk.kwu ?ksÅ
 f’k{k.k
 fyax xq.kksRrj izek.k
 fgalk
 vkjksX;
 vkfFkZd fLFkrh
 jktdh; fLFkrh
L=h;kaph izxrh T;kizek.kkr >kyh vlsy R;ko:u ,[kk+|k lektkph izxrh eh eksthr
vlrks MkW- ckcklkgsc vkacsMdj - ¼vf[ky Hkkjrh; nfyr eghyk ifj”kn ukxiwj 20 tqYkS
1942½

6. “f’k{k.k gs ok?kh.khps nq/k vkgs tks fi.kkj tks xqjxqjY;k f’kok; jkg.kkj ukgh”
MkW- ckcklkgsc vkacsMdj
 Hkkjrh; L=h;kalkBh egkRek T;ksrhck Qqys ;kauh 1848 lkyh ‘kkGk dk<yh
o lkfo=hekbZ o Qkfrek ‘ks[k ;k vk++|f’kf{kdk gksr-
 2016 Eg.kts ;k pkyw o”khZ efgykalkBh ‘kS{kf.kd thou lq: gksÅu 167 o”ksZ
>kys vkgsr vkf.k Lokr+a«;kurj ikfgys rj 69 o”ksZ >kys vkgsr-
f’k{k.k

7.  2011 e/;s >kysY;k Hkkjrh; tux.kus uqlkj xzkeh.k egkjk”Vªke/khy
loZ e;ksxVkrhy efgyk 30,017040 vlwu 1,80,91286
efgyk f'k{khr vkgsr- R;kiSdh 5,67,411 ;k efgyk inoh/kj o
inO;qRrj f’k{k.k ?ksrys vkgs- ,dw.k f’kf{kr xzkeh.k efgykiSdh 3-13%
gs izek.k inoh/kj vkf.k inO;qRrj f’k{k.k ?ksrys vkgs-
 rj Kku fufeZrh e/;s xzkeh.k efgykapk lgHkkx gk ,d vH;klkpk
fo”k; vkgs-

8.  ewyr% fulZx fu;ek izek.ks mRiRrh dj.ks gk uj vkf.k eknhpk uSlZfxd
fu;e vkgs- vkf.k l`”Vh fufeZrh iklwu i`Fohrykojhy izR;sd tho gs vkt
i;ZUr djr vkgs-
 i.k ekuo tkrh e/;s /keZ] tkr] fyax] oxZ ;k lokZe/;s vl.kkjh
iq:”klRrkd i/nrhus iq:”kkyk Js”B vkf.k fL-=yk dfu”B Eg.kwu fgu ntkZ
fnyk vkgs-
xzkeh.k egkjk”Vªkrhy fyax xq.kksRrj izek.k

9. Hkkjrh; lektO;oLFkse/;s %&
 L=h;akuk xqyke] nklh cufo.;kr vkys-
 fryk Lora+= O;Drh Eg.kwu vl.kkjh vfLerk ukdkj.;kr vkyh vkgs-
 rhyk eqy tUekyk ?kky.kkjh e’khu cufo.;kr vkyh vkgs-
 dqekjh] lkSHkkX;orh ]fo/kok] ifjrDrk v’kh lacks/kus nsÅu rhP;k
ySafxdrsoj fu;a=.k dj.;kr vkys vkgs-

10.  2011 e/;s >kysyh tux.kuk 15 oh o Lokra«;kuarjph 7oh gks;-
 xzkeh.k egkjk”Vªkrhy yhax xq.kksRrjkaps izek.k nj 1000 iq:”kkekxs 952
efgyk brds vkgs- ts dh 2001 P;k tux.kus e/;s R;kps izek.k 960 gksrs-
Eg.ktsp 2011 e/;s 8 us ?kVys vkgs-
 tUep u gksÅ fnY;keqGs fdaok tUer%p ek:u VkdY;keqGs, UNICEF
P;k ekfgrh izek.ks 1991 lkykiklwu Hkkjrke/;s 40 rs 50 dksVh fL=;k ;k
“ gjoysY;k ” vkgsr
 2001 rs 2011 ;k n’kdkr ckfydkaP;k yksdla[;sr 2 yk[k 73 gtkjkaph
?kV >kysyh vkgs-

11. vkjksX; Eg.kts dsoG vktkj vkf.k fodykaxrspk vHkko ukgh rj
vkjksX; Eg.kts laiw.kZ “kkfjjhd] ekufld] lkekftd LokLFkkph
fLFkrh ¼Tkkxfrd vkjksX; la?kVuk 1948½
 dqBY;kgh jk”Vª-jkT;kph fodkl lk/k.;kph {kerk ekst.;kph ,d izeq[k
ekinaM rs jk”Vª-jkT; loZ ukxjhdkauk vkjksX;nk;h thou nsÅ ‘kdrs dk gk
cuyk vkgs- Eg.kwup vkjksX;kyk fodklkP;k ladYiusr [kwi egRRo vkgs-
 vkjksX;kph ,dkaxh dsoG vktkjk’kh fuxMhr O;k[;k u djrk R;kr vkgkj]
fi.;klkBh LoPN ik.;kph miyC/krk] lkaMik.;kpk fupjk b- iSywpk fopkj
gks.ks xjtsps vlrs
vkjksX;

12. 1978 lkyh Hkjysyh vkYek&vkVk vkarjjk”Vhª; vkjksX; ifj”kn gh
vkjksX; lanHkkZrhy ?kMkeksMhae/;s vrh’k; egRokph vkgs- ftFks 2000
lkyki;Zr “lokZlkBh vkjksX;” gs LoIu izR;{kkr mrjo.;klkBh &
jk”Vªakuh ijoMrhy v’kk i/nrhus] izkFkfed vkjksX; lsokaoj y{k dsafnzr
djr mPpizrhP;k izkFkfed vkjksX; ¼jksxizfrca/kd] jksxfuokjd o
vkjksX;o/kZd½ lsok miyC/k d:u fnY;k ikfgtsr vls uewn dj.;kr
vkys-

13.  Hkkjrh; iq:”klRRkkd lektO;oLFkk] dqVwac vkf.k Lor% fL=;kalq/nk vkiY;k vkjksX;
xjtk dsoG iqu:Riknd pkSdVhrp c?krkr-
 xzkeh.k egkjk”Vªkr 60% eqyhaph yXus 16 rs 18 o”kkZe/;s gksrkr- ;k dqekjo;krp
yaSfxdjhR;k lfdz; gksrkr- cgwrsd fL=;k ygku o;krp xjksnj gksrkr
 fL=;k vkiY;k vk;q”;krhy y{k.kh; dkG gk xjksnji.kkr vkf.k eqykaP;k laxksiukr
?kkyorkr-
 ;k o;ksxVkrhy e`R;qIkSdh 15% e`R;q gs xjksnji.kk’kh lac/khr xqarkxqarheqGs fdaok
ckGari.kkr gksrkr- L=h;kaP;k e`R;qph izeq[k dkj.ks gh xHkZikr] xHkkZph fLFkrh
O;oLFkhr ul.ks] jDrikr] jDrika<jh b- vlrs-
 National Health Mission Ministry of Health and Welfare
P;k ekfgrh uqlkj egkjk”Vªkr
 nj 30]000 xzkeh.k yksdla[;s ekxs ,d izkFkfed vkjksX; dsanzkph lqfo/kk vlrs rj
MksaxjkG vkf.k vkfnoklh lkBh 20]000 yksdla[;sps izek.k vlrs-
xzkeh.k egkjk”Vªkrhy efgykaps vkjksX;

14. izkFkfed vkjksX; dsanz l|fLFkrh
izkFkfed
vkjksX; dsanz
Yksdla[;sP;k
izek.kkr xjt
izR;{k dk;Zjr dedjrk
2,189 1,811 378

15.  rlsp xzkeh.k egkjk”Vªkrhy ekrk e`R;wnj gk 1000 ekrkekxs 87 brdk vkgs-
rj ckye`R;wnj gk 1000 ckydka ekxs 24 brdk vkgs- rlsp ekrk Eg.kwu T;k
vkjksX; xjtk vkgsr- R;kP;kifydMs tkÅu Jfed Eg.kwu vkf.k lkekftd]
vkfFkZd ifjfLFkrheqGs dqBY;k vkjksX; leL;kauk lkeksjs tkos ykxrs rs c?k.ks
xjtsps Bjrs-
 fuEu ntkZps lkekftd] vkfFkZd ifjfLFkrh] ik;kHkwr lks;hlwfo/kkapk vHkko]
iks”kd vkgkjkph dedjrk] vLoPNrk] LoPN ik.;kpk] lkaMik.;kpk fupjk
iz’u] LoPNrkx`gkph xSjlks; b- eqGs gks.kkjs vktkj

16.  rj Jfed Eg.kwu ^vfrdke* gk xzkeh.k L=h;kaP;k vkjksX;klkBh lokZr
eksBk /kksdk vkgs- ?kjdkekP;k cjkscjhus fL=;k eksB;k izek.kkr ?kjP;k
‘ksrhr] dkSVqfcd /ka|ke/;s fcukekscnyk dke djrkr- R;krwu
mn~Hko.kkÚ;k dacjnq[kh] xqMxsnq[kh] ikBnq[kh] gkrkP;k euxVkaph vkf.k
euD;kaph >ht b- lkj[;k rdzkjh usgehP;kp o nqyZf{kr curkr
,danjhr izfrdqy lkekftd] vkfFkZd ifjfLFkrh] dqiks”k.k o vkjksX;
lsokaph dedjrk gs loZ xzkeh.k efgykaP;k vkjksX;koj ifj.kke djrs-

17.  xzkeh.k egkjk”Vªkrhy efgykaph vkfFkZd fLFkrh
 xzkeh.k L=h;kaps ?kjknkjk/kkjhr dke
 ?kjke/;s & vUu f’kto.ks] HkkaMh] /kq.ks] Qj’kh lkQ dj.ks ok tfeu lkjo.ks]
eqykaps laxksi.k dj.ks] vkY;kxsY;k ikgq.;kph lks; ikg.ks] ?kjkrhy
iajijkxr /kkfeZd] lkaLd`frd lksiLdkj ikG.ks o eqykauk rks f’kdo.ks]
?kjkrhy vktkjh] fodykax] o`/n O;Drhaph lq’kzwlk@ns[kHkky dj.ks-
vkfFkZd

18.  Rklsp fodkl izfdz;seqGs uSlZfxd lk/kulaiRrhph th gkuh >kyh vkgs]
R;keqGs xzkeh.k fL=;kaP;k Jekph rhozrk ok<yh vkgs- xqjkalkBh pkjk]
tG.k xksGk dj.ks] eSyksueSy HkaVdarh d:u ih.;kps ik.kh MksD;ko:u
okgwu vk.kus b- lekos’k vlrks-
 ,dk ikg.khr vls vk<Gys vkgs dh] cgqrka’kh xzkeh.k L=h;ka izfrfnu
4 rs 5 rkl ¼ljkljh½ gs pkjk] tG.k] ik.kh b xksGk dj.;kr
?kkyorkr-

19.  vkf.k fo’ks”k Eg.kts ;k iq:”klRrkd lektO;oLFkse/;s L=h;kaps
?kjknkjk/kkjhr dke gs foukosrukps vlrs rs mRiknd ekuys tkr ukgh-
eksB;k izek.kkr fL=;k ?kjkr] ?kjP;k ‘ksrhr] dkSVwafcd mn;ksxke/;s
fcukekscnyk Jfed Eg.kwu dke djrkr-
 vkf.k tsOgk ?kjdkeklkscr Jfed Eg.kwu vla?kVhr {ks=kr etwjh
djrkr ok NksVs[kkuh Lo;ajkstxkje/;s skilled worker Eg.kwu
vFkkZtu djrkr rsOgk R;kaps Je nqIiV gksrs-

20.  <ksy] xWaokj] ‘kqnz] Ik’kw] ukjh ;s lc rkMu ds vf/kdkjh- fL=;kapk frjLdkj
dj.kkjh ,d twuh Eg.k th fL=;kaojhy fglsadMs lkekU;ckc Eg.kwu c?krs-
 ySfxd vR;kpkj gh izkphu dkGkiklwu pkyr vkysyh iajijk vkgs o frps
mxeLFkku ^fir`LkRRkkd dqaVwci/nrh^ e/;s vkgs
 ekuoh mRdzkaRkhrwu ekyeRrsph dYiuk mn;kyk vkY;kiklwu L=h gh ,d
^HkksX;* ekyeRrk letwu frP;koj fu;a=.k izLFkkfir dj.;kpk iz;Ru izR;sd
iq:”k djhr vlrks-
fgalk

21. L=hfo:/n fgalk Eg.kts ?kjkrhy pkj fHkarhP;k vkr fdaok ckgsj
L=h&iq:”k ySafxdrsrwu izR;{k fdaok vizR;{ki.ks mn~Hk.kkjh fgalk]
vR;kpkj] ‘kks”k.k fdaok brj ?kVuk T;k ;ksxs fL=;kauk ‘kkfjjhd]
ySfxd] ekufld] lkekftd] vkfFkZd n`”V;k =kl gksr vlrks-
ekuoh mRdzkaRkhrwu ekyeRrsph dYiuk mn;kyk vkY;kiklwu L=h
gh ,d ^HkksX;* ekyeRrk letwu frP;koj fu;a=.k izLFkkfir
dj.;kpk iz;Ru izR;sd iq:”k djhr vlrsk

22.  L=hfo:/n fgalk Eg.kts ?kjkrhy pkj fHkarhP;k vkr fdaok ckgsj
L=h&iq:”k ySafxdrsrwu izR;{k fdaok vizR;{ki.ks mn~Hk.kkjh fgalk] vR;kpkj]
‘kks”k.k fdaok brj ?kVuk T;k ;ksxs fL=;kauk ‘kkfjjhd] ySfxd] ekufld]
lkekftd] vkfFkZd n`”V;k =kl gksr vlrks-
 uW’kuy dzkbZe jsdkWMZ C;wjks 2014 vUo;s egkjk”Vªkr ,dw.k 26]693 fgalsP;k
?kVuk efgykaoj >kysY;k vkgsr R;kr 3]438 brdh efgykaoj >kysY;k
cykRdkjkph ?kVukaph uksan vkgs- R;krhy 127 gs lkewfgd cykRdkj vkgsr
 vksyhl Bo.ks o iGow.k us.;kP;k 2]583 xqUg;kaph uskan vkgs- rj
tcjnLrhus yXulkBh iGowu us.;kP;k 1072 xqUg;kaph uksan vkgs