The document summarizes the anatomy of the mesentery and mesenterial vessels. It describes the mesentery as the visceral layer of the peritoneum that attaches the small intestines to the posterior abdominal wall. It notes that the supplying vessels and nerves run within the mesentery. It then provides details on the branches of the abdominal aorta and their destinations, including the celiac trunk, superior mesenteric artery, and inferior mesenteric artery. Finally, it discusses the portal vein and its role in collecting blood from the unpaired abdominal viscera.

1. Erika Bálint, M.D.

2. mesentery: visceral layer of the peritoneum, that
reaches the small intestines, covers them and
attaches them to the posterior abdominal wall
(radix mesenterii)
the edge of the intestinal wall that connects with
the mesentery is called the mesenterial edge,
the opposite is the antimesenterial edge
the supplying vessels and nerves of the small
intestines run within the mesentery

3. antimesenterial
edge
mesenterial edge

4. Mesenterial vessels

5. abdominal aorta: the descending aorta
from the aortic hiatus downwards
Branches:
1. Parietal
2. Paired visceral
3. Unpaired visceral

6. 1. inferior phrenic artery: right below the
aortic hiatus on the inferior surface of the
diaphragm (superior suprarenal artery)
2. lumbal arteries: 4 pairs of segmental
arteries
3. medial sacral artery: rudimentary in
humans

7. 1. medial suprarenal artery: to anterior
surface of the suprarenal glands
2. renal artery (L1): to the hilum of the
kidneys (inferior suprarenal artery)
3. testicular artery or ovaric artery (L1):
: part of the spermatic cord,
: in the suspensory ligament of the ovaries

8. 1. coeliac trunk (Th12-L1) (tripus Halleri)
2. superior mesenteric artery (L1)
3. inferior mesenteric artery (2-3 fingers
above the division of the abdominal aorta)

9. Coeliac trunk
coeliac trunk
left gastric artery
common hepatic artery short gastric arteries
anastomosis
splenic artery
proper hepatic artery right gastric artery
pancreatic branches
left gastroepiploic artery
right branch left branch
cystic artery anastomosis
gastroduodenal artery
right gastroepiploic artery
superior
pancreaticoduodenal
arteries anastomosis

11. A. mesenterica superior
anastomosis inferior
pancreaticoduodenal marginal artery of the colon
arteries (Drummond-artery)
medial colic artery Anastomosis of Riolan
superior mesenteric artery
jejunal arteries
right colic artery
ileal arteries
ileocolic arteries
left colic artery
caecal arteries
appendicular artery

13. Inferior mesenteric artery
left colic artery
inferior mesenteric artery
sigmoid arteries
Sudeck-point
internal iliac artery rectosigmoid
sigmoid ima artery
artery
superior rectal artery
internal pudendal artery
medial rectal artery
inferior rectal artery

15. Collects the blood of the unpaired abdominal
viscera
Forms from splenic vein and superior
mesenteric vein
inferior mesenteric vein connects to this system
(generally opens into the splenic vein)
coronary veins of the stomach open into the
portal vein directly
PORTAL CIRCULATION!

16. superior vena cava inferior vena cava
portal vein
azygos vein /hemiazygos vein
coronary veins of
the stomach
(left gastric vein)
esophageal veins

17. inferior vena cava
common iliac vein
portal vein
internal iliac vein
inferior mesenteric vein
internal pudendal vein
inferior rectal vein medial rectal vein superior rectal vein
rectal venous plexus

18. superior vena cava inferior vena cava
brachiocephalic vein common iliac vein
external iliac vein
subclavian vein
femoral vein
axillary vein portal vein
greater saphenous vein
thoracoepigastric vein superficial epigastric vein
paraumbilical veins