Disability Discrimination And Americans With Disability...

Disability Discrimination And Americans With Disability...
1. Introduction In the field of legal research and practices, it is against the law to discriminate any
person against his/her disability in various areas of their lives. Today, discrimination against
disability has become a complete law by which a person can sue the other party for being
discriminated on any impairment. In the United States, the law is covered by Americans with
Disability Act (ADA). The law prevents one party (specifically employers) to discriminate other
party (particularly employees) on the basis of their physical impairments. The purpose of this paper
is to discuss and analyze disability discrimination. The paper will include detail description and
history of disability discrimination and Americans with Disability Act (ADA). The paper will also
include three cases showing background, issues, questions and holdings of each case. Finally,
opinion will be provided for the paper and conclusion will be drawn on the basis of discussion.
2. Disability Discrimination Disability discrimination refers to a situation in which an employer or
other entity covered under the Americans with Disabilities Act, as amended, or the Rehabilitation
Act, as amended, treats a qualified person with a disability who is an employee or application
unfavorably because of his/her disability. Disability discrimination also tends to occur when an
employer treats an applicant or employee less favorably because of his/her medical history or
because they are believed to have mental or
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...

The American With Disabilities Act
Introduction/Brief History
As humans, it is our duty to make the world a better, and safer place for all the creatures that live on
earth. We may not always do but we try most of the times. Whenever there is a problem or the need
to change something that is not convenient, the governments of our countries come up with laws and
regulations to solve these problems. Ever since the beginning of times a few children were born with
disabilities, it was very hard for them to survive due to lack of resources and accommodations; in
some countries they were even killed at birth. Over time the governments realized that there was a
problem for children and adults and disabilities that needed to be solved. The American government
came up with the ADA also known as the American with Disabilities Act, a civil rights law that
prohibits discrimination against disability, it was signed in July of 1990 and effective in January of
1992. It was a great change for disabled people, they were more protected against discrimination,
they had more rights, and most public facilities, commercial buildings and schools began installing
infrastructures that would make that would make accessibility for disabled more efficient. Since
then life is much easier for disabled individuals.
The ADA Requirements for playgrounds, which is the focus of this paper, discusses the
infrastructures and designs that need to be met in playgrounds at schools, parks, homes and other
facilities. The ADA requirements for

Americans with Disability Act
Americans with Disabilities Act was established to restrain illegal discrimination in employment
against individuals qualified to be disabled. The purpose of the law was to generally end
discrimination in the place of work and to deliver equal employment chances for individuals living
with disabilities or have had histories of disabilities. The act defends employees that experience
physical or mental deficiency that greatly limits a key life activity. In addition to that, it protects the
rights of employees with a history of disability and those that employers regard as being disabled
even when in the real sense they are not. The main goal of this law is to simply eradicate
discrimination against people with disabilities.
Even with the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
One of the major problems that these individuals experience is the lack of inappropriate
infrastructure to enable them take on their works efficiently with much ease. Most business
corporations have therefore put up extra infrastructural provisions for their disabled staff while some
have gone an extra mile of providing their disabled employees with particularly skilled and trained
dogs as guides. When it comes to enrollment processes companies and businesses are not legalized
by the law to discard job applicants from disabled people. Some major large corporations give
predilections to the disabled candidates during their selection procedures. ADA has provided
guidelines that need to be followed by firms and corporations to avoid discrimination against
disabled recruits and employees. It necessitates employers to treat their disabled employees fairly
without prejudice. It extensively applies to private owners, labor societies, state and local
administrations, employment organizations, and labor executive agencies. To defend an ADA
complaint, an individual must have a disability or a history of disability and more importantly the
individual must prove an incidence that involved the denial of equal treatment resulting from the
disability. ADA uses accessibility guidelines to show a violation imposed on disabled persons in
case of barriers that that prevent these

Disability As Defined By The Act
DEFINITIONS
Disability as defined by the Act (Person with Disability Act, 1995) covers blindness, low vision,
leprosy–cured, hearing impairment, locomotor disability, mental retardation and mental illness as
well as multiple disability.
(l) Impairment – Missing or defective body part, an amputated Limb, paralysis after polio, restricted
pulmonary capacity, diabetes, nearsightedness, mental retardation, limited hearing capacity, facial
disfigurement or other abnormal condition.
(m) Disabilities – As a result of an impairment may involve difficulties in walking, seeing, speaking,
hearing, reading, writing, counting, lifting, or taking interest in and making one's surrounding.
Disability is the consequence of an impairment that may be physical, cognitive, mental, sensory,
emotional, developmental, or some combination of these.
The systems theory has been selected for this paper for its relevancy to the complexity of the
medical setting.
Disability
For disability, Also an important section of both social Incorporation and Incorporation clinched
alongside. Education, written works identified with disability Furthermore particularly visual
interference. Might have been reviewed to addition a preferred Comprehension of the issues,
variables involved, Examination patterns and facts.
Those definitions of inability were varied, relying upon the point of view Also. Country. The
varieties in the meaning and descriptions; those purposes behind. Variety was inspected Also
involved

The Americans With Disabilities Act ( Ada )
Section 504 of the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) created what is commonly referred to as
a 504 or a 504 Plan. The purpose is to prevent/prohibit discrimination against public school students
with disabilities and guarantee they receive accommodations that will ensure their academic success
and access to the learning environment (University of Washington, 2015). Section 504 and the ADA
govern education accommodations in college (Alao, 2015). Additionally, 504 Plans are a civil rights
law. An Individual Education Program (IEP) is similar, however it is an educational law covered
under The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA). IEP's ensure students receive
specialized instruction and related services (University of ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
Having a history of a 504 plan in a K–12 school does not automatically qualify one for an
educational accommodation in college (Alao, 2015). Many students with disabilities are caught by
surprise when they discover their IEP is not enough to warrant eligibility for the needed academic
accommodations and academic services within the higher education institution (Essex, 2012).
According to A. Capolupo (personal communication, February 17, 2017) new students also lack the
awareness of the level of commitment college takes. The changes in disability related mandates
during the transition from high school to college creates barriers, this causes significant distress for
students, families, and instructors. Two significant barriers identified by Senior (2016) are the
responsibilities related to the disability shift from staff/faculty to the student and vagueness found
within legal protections lead to inconsistencies among Disability Offices (pp. 13–14). The shift in
responsibility from staff/faculty to the student is what I have identified as my "Issue Assessment."
IEP's and 504 plans require school districts to evaluate and identify students with disabilities, at the
college level students must be self–advocates and are responsible for disclosing their disability
(Oertle' & Bragg, 2014, p. 61). When a student neglects

American Disabilities Act
In nineteen ninety Congress passed the Americans with Disabilities Act. This act was established in
order to eliminate discrimination of people with disabilities and to break down barriers in society
that limits the freedom a disabled person. According to Section 2 Subsection A part one, "some
43,000,000 Americans have one or more physical or mental disabilities, and this number is
increasing as the population as a whole is growing older." As the number suggests there are a lot of
people that would be classified as disabled making this act very important. This paper will look at
the Americans with Disabilities Act as how it pertains to helping people with disabilities based on
who is covered, what are their rights, and what legal actions ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
To file a complaint under Title I of the ADA the person bring the complaint must contact the EEOC.
It has to be filed within one hundred and eighty days of the act of discrimination. It will be handled
in the same manner as charges filed under Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964. If the plaintiff
wins they are entitled to any economic loss because of the discrimination, attorney fees, then have
reasonable accommodations put in place, and punitive damages. Title II deals with public entities
and transportation which includes state and local governments. This includes all activities offered by
the state and local government such as town meetings, courts, and motor vehicle licensing. Under
the ADA state and local government must follow the following rules: "1. They cannot deny a
disabled person from participating in a service, program, or activity. 2. They must provide equal
opportunity for those disabled to be involved in an activity or program. 3. They have to eliminate
rules or standard that may unintentionally discriminate against those with disabilities unless it is
based on safety. 4. They are required to make reasonable modifications in policies, practices, and
procedures that deny equal access to individuals with disabilities, unless fundamental alterations to
the program would result. 5. They must provide auxiliary aids and services

Americans With Disabilities Act Summary
One such law is the federal law that was passed in 1990 is the Americans with Disabilities Act
(ADA). The law "ensures the right of individuals with disabilities to nondiscriminatory treatment in
other aspects of their lives" (Hallahan, Kauffman, Pullen, 2015). Certain provisions were made
within the law for day care providers. The provisions are listed as: It is illegal to charge parents
more for the care of a disabled child, or to discriminate. ADA requires you to make reasonable
modifications in policies. Create practices and procedures within your child care program to
accommodate individuals with disabilities. Modification to your program is not required if it would
fundamentally alter the goods or services you provide in your child

The American With Disabilities Act
The American with Disabilities Act was signed into law on July 26, 1990, by President George H.W.
Bush. (Mayerson, 1992). According to Hallahan, Kauffman, & Pullen (2015, P, 14) "the ADA
provides protection of the civil rights in the specific areas of employment, transportation, public,
accommodation, State and local government, and telecommunication. According to Mayerson
(1992, P1) "the ADA did not began at the signing ceremony at the White House, but it began in the
communities, when parents with children with disabilities began to fight against the exclusion and
segregation of the children". The foundation of the ADA, is the disability rights movement. The
disability movement fought for the rights of the people with disability. According to Mayerson
(1992, P, 1) "The disability rights movement, has made the injustices faced by the people with
disabilities visible to the American public and politicians." Without the contribution of the
disabilities rights movement there would not have been an ADA. Like the civil rights movement
before the people with disabilities sat in federal buildings, marched through the streets to protest the
injustice. Also, they sought justice in the courts (Mayerson, 1992). According to Mayerson (1992, P
2) " From a legal perspective, a profound and historic shift in the disability public policy occurred in
the 1973 with the passage of Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act". Section 504 is the U.S federal
law that protect the people with

The Americans With Disabilities Act Essay
All Americans deserve the right to receive the best medical treatment available, that includes those
with disabilities. So what is ADA? What makes it so essential? ADA may seem like just a couple
letters from the alphabet, although to a person that has a disability it means a whole lot more. ADA
stands for Americans with Disabilities Act.
The Americans with Disabilities Act is extremely vital in the medical field. Not only is it the law to
ensure that there is appropriate access to those with disabilities, on the other hand it is also
medically necessary to treat all patients. The Americans with Disabilities Act was founded in 1990
and it is designed to protect against discrimination of those with disabilities,(Jacobs, R.B & Lauber,
R.H, 2011). "In the Americans with Disabilities Act, disability is defined as: (1) a physical or mental
impairment that significantly limits one or more major life activities, (2) having a record of such
impairment, or (3) being "regarded as" having an impairment,"(Bernstein,S.K,2014). It is
exceptionally crucial that all business comply with all the rules and regulations of the Americans
with Disabilities Act, if failed to implement those rules there will be penalties to pay. The Americans
with Disabilities Act, especially applies to health facilities, be that as it may it also applies to all
businesses with 15 or more employees, (Lindh, W. 2014). The Americans with Disabilities Act
protects patients or consumers with disabilities as well as

The Americans With Disabilities Act
Since it was signed into law in 1990, the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) has been a
challenge for employers to implement. This law prohibits discrimination against people with
disabilities in both public and public businesses. There were numerous lawsuits where disabled
employees have charged that employers have failed to accommodate his or her needs in the
workplace. However, Supreme Court decisions interpreted the act in a way that made it difficult to
prove that an impairment was a disability thereby ruling in favor of an employer. As a result, the
ADAAmendments Act of 2008 (ADAA) was enacted to "clarify the definition of disability "(United
States, Department of Justice, Civil Rights Division, 2014, para. 1). Companies from every industry
struggle to ensure that it meets the requirements to ensure that no disparity between individuals with
a disability and those without a disability. In Accommodations of Patients with Disabilities in
Primary Care: A Mixed Methods Study of Practice Administrators, the author addresses the
disparities in how health care facilities treat individuals with disabilities compared to individuals
with no disability (Pharr, 2013). This paper will summarize the findings of this study and the impact
of the Americans with Disabilities Act and the ADAAmendments Act of 2008 on health care. In her
study, Pharr surveyed a group of primary care administrators because their responsibilities "usually
has oversight of facility operations

American Disabilities Act Analysis
The American Disabilities Act (ADA) is the legislation written in 1990 that provides a mandate to
end discrimination against all people with disabilities in private–sector employment, all public
services, public accommodations, transportation, and telecommunications (Hardman, Drew, &
Egan, 2015). ADA's purpose is change discrimination against people with disabilities and provide
them the rights to participate in their communities.
Three examples of how ADA affects all US citizens are:
A. The public transportations system. ADA requires that all new public forms of transportation such
as public transit buses, bus and train stations, and rail system must be accessible to those with
disabilities. Buses and trains have made their vehicles accessible

Disability Act
It has been over 2 decades since the Americans with Disability Act (ADA) was passed in 1990. The
ADA "prohibits discrimination on the basis of disability in employment, State and local government,
public accommodations, commercial facilities, transportation, and telecommunications" (U.S.
Department of Justice, Civil Rights Division, Disability Rights Section. 2013). The term disability,
very broadly, can include a physical, psychological, learning, sensory or neurological impairment. A
disabled individual is defined by the ADA as "a person who has a physical or mental impairment
that limits one or more major life activities, a person who has a history or record of such an
impairment, or a person who is perceived by others as having such an ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
There are many benefits to having diverse employees and it can be said that diverse employees are
better able to meet the needs, questions and concerns of their diverse customers. People with
disabilities are no exception. 15% of the world's population, 1 billion people, have some form of
disability (World Bank, 2017). That sure is a lot of customers organizations can reach if they aren't
already doing so. A great first step would be challenging their biases and perceptions to make sure
disabled individuals who are applying for jobs are given an equal and fair chance. Perceptions and
publicity can do a lot of damage to an organization, and organizations that don't take the ADA
seriously may be perceived as intolerant for diversity. The good news is, there are steps
organizations can take to improve this issue. One such step would be to do some reflective learning
and re–examining and reflecting their own fundamental values. They have to look at their
underlying norms, policies and goals and modify it if necessary. Then they have to actively seek out
disabled people and their skills, understand and acknowledge their different needs, and modifying
organizational practices to meet their needs (Wooten & James, 2005, p.

Disabilities Education Act
The Education for All Handicapped Children Act [Public Law 94–142] of 1975 was a law passed by
Congress that enshrined the rights of U.S. children with disabilities to a free and appropriate public
education individualized to meet their needs (Office of Special Education Programs, 2000). The
Individual Education Program was established as part of Public Law 94–142's current iteration, the
Individuals with Disabilities Education Act [IDEA], to direct public schools to create Individualized
Education Plans [IEP] for each student determined to have a disability and to be in need of services
(Office of Special Education Programs, 2000). The most common categories of "disability"
identified in IEPs are as follows: learning disabilities, speech and ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Some disabled children were categorically denied education access by state statutes (Office of
Special Education Programs, 2000). After IDEA became law, public school enrollment of disabled
students dramatically increased (National Center for Education Statistics, 2017). Approximately
80% of students with IEPs now attend school in their neighborhoods and approximately 66 percent
spend the majority of their class days integrated into general education classes (National Center for
Education Statistics, 2017). Since IDEA, college admission of students with disabilities has tripled
and post–high school employment has increased twofold (National Center for Learning Disabilities,
2014, Office of Special Education Programs, 2000). But gaps in related service delivery, scholastic
achievement, graduation, and post–graduation employment remain, especially for children who are
racially or socially disadvantaged (James, 2017, Samuels, 2015). If an IEP is not fully executed, or
only partially executed, a student's learning and educational achievements can be negatively
impacted. They can become more susceptible to school disciplinary infractions, and their risk of
dropout or failure to graduate increases (James, 2017, National Center for Learning Disabilities,
2014). Commonly, poorer school districts cite funding or

The American Disability Act ( Ada )
Disability has been a function historical to justify inequality for any disabled people, but in addition
has also helped so many women, and minorities. Over the years there have been many models that
can explain disability law. There is a social model which argues that it is the environment, that
basically caused those traits to limit the functions; therefore creating disability. Another model that
people tend to use when looking at disability is the normative claim, which his that disability should
be inscribed as a subject of discrimination If you wanted to compare both models, The Americans
with Disabilities Act (ADA) is correlated with social model, while the discrimination model is link
to many other pass precedents. Before the American Disability Act in 1990, disability went through
some revolutionary phases. The first, was to be able to define disability properly. Looking back in
the past, there have been many features, and true definitions of the word disability. In the 1970s a
group called the Union of the Physically Impaired Against Segregation defined disability as the
disadvantage or restriction of activity cased by social organizations. U.S disability activists made
efforts during the 1970s to form different alliances with the disability community, that protested for
the inclusion of disability discrimination under the Rehabilitation act. Thereafter there was a medial
model at looking at disability, that views disability as an individual shortfall. In

Americans With Disabilities Act
The Americans With Disabilities Act of 1990 The Americans With Disabilities Act of 1990,
henceforth known as the ADA, was first sponsored and introduced to Congress in 1988 by Senator
Weicker and Representative Coelho in the 100th Congress. The second version of the ADA was
revised and introduced again in 1989 by Senator Tom Harkin, Senator Durrenberger, Representative
Coelho, and Representative Fish in the 101st Congress (https://www.congress.gov/congressional–
record). This law began with many initial proposals that contributed to its final outcome. Some of
these initial proposals were non–legislative but contributed greatly to the final product of the law.
Robert L. Burgdorf Jr., a disability rights scholar, stated that "the Americans ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
When the ADA didn't pass through Congress in 1988, a joint hearing was held before the Senate
Subcommittee on Disability Policy and the House Subcommittee on Select Education
(https://dredf.org/news/publications/the–history–of–the–ada/). People with a wide variety of
disabilities as well as parents of disabled children discussed the barriers that people with disabilities
constantly face and the stereotyping and prejudice that is so prevalent in their lives. According to the
Disability Rights Education and Defense Fund, "after the hearing, a commitment was made by
Senator Kennedy, Chair of the Labor and Human Resources Committee, Senator Harkin, Chair of
the Subcommittee on Disability Policy, and Representative Owens of the House Subcommittee on
Select Education, that a comprehensive disability civil rights bill would be a top priority for the next
Congress" (https://dredf.org/news/publications/the–history–of–the–ada/). The hearing helped set the
stage for the major steps in the congressional process. According to the Library of Congress, after
being revised and reintroduced to Congress, the first step in the Congressional process began when
the ADA was introduced to the Senate in May of 1989. In August of 1989, it passed on to the
Committee on Labor and Human Resources and then in September, it passed with an amendment in
the Senate 76–8. In May of 1990, it was passed in the House

The Individuals With Disabilities Act (ADA)
POLITICAL SCIENCE The individuals with disabilities act (ADA) was sign into regulation on July
26, 1990 by using President George. W. Bush. Its passage came after years of advocacy by means of
incapacity rights supporters. The ADA observed earlier countrywide regulation that guaranteed
disability rights in authorities, housing, and training, inclusive of the rehabilitation act of 1973. The
fair housing amendments act of 1988, which amended the fair housing act of 1968 to consist of
people with disabilities, and the training for all handicapped kids act of 1975, which changed into
the predecessor to the individuals with disabilities training act. In signing the individuals with
disabilities act, President George. W. Bush declared that the ADA

The Individuals With Disabilities Education Act
The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act, also known as IDEA was originally created in 1975
to ensure that children with disabilities were given the opportunity to receive a free and adequate
education. IDEA has been revised and many times since 1975, the most recent being in 2004. IDEA
consists of parts A, B, C, and D. Part A outlines the basic foundation, and defines terms used
throughout the act. Part B outlines the responsibilities of schools to educate students aged 3–21. The
Individuals with Disabilities Education Act does provide funding for schools, as long as they
comply with the six main principles of set forth in IDEA. The first principle states that every child is
entitled to receive a free and appropriate education, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This allows students with disabilities to be in a general education classroom with their non–disabled
classmates for various amounts of time, depending on the needs of the individual student. The fifth
and sixth principles schools must comply with go together. The fifth states that input from parents
and students must be taken into account during the education process. During the education process
if a parent feels that their child is not receiving adequate or needed services, they have a right under
IDEA to challenge their child 's treatment through due process. The six principles that schools must
comply with for students with disabilities were created to ensure that students receive an adequate
education like their non–disabled classmates receive, and protects them against discrimination at
school. IDEA also contains a Part C that is much like Part B, but targets the education of very young
children. Part C outlines the responsibilities of identifying and reaching children with disabilities
from birth to 2 years old. Parents of children in this age range are entitled to receive identification
and services and interventions in a timely and appropriate manner. Parents at this age receive a
Individualized Family Service Plan instead of an IEP for school aged children. Parents are also
entitled to take part in creating the ISP and timely resolutions to questions or concerns in their child
's evaluation process. IDEA 's part D pertains to the national

Individuals With Disabilities Education Act
Sebrena Pierce CD 115 Jones 4/1/16 Individuals with Disabilities Education Act The law or act that
I chose to do my research paper on was the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act. As a student
with a disability this act helped out tremendously throughout my educational journey. There are 6.5
million individuals who receive some type of special education services. The IDEA act created a
positive stigmatism on individuals with disabilities. IDEA should be able to continue to create a
positive impact on the lives of students with disabilities. The IDEA was placed because many
students with disabilities did not receive any educational services that they needed to help them in
school. It was an unfortunate situation because a majority ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
This is basically early intervention for both infants and toddlers. Lastly, is part D which is National
Activities to Improve Education of Children with Disabilities. For a child to fall under IDEA and
have special educational services they must have an IEP (Individualized Educational Plan). AN IEP
helps a student and guide them on their educational goals and objectives. All the goals and
objectives must be long term with objectives in order for them to be met. The reason being that if
there is a change in performance of a student they will be able to find a suitable solution to reach
that goal. For IDEA, it affects families and children in a positive way. Families have a right to know
what type of services will be provided for the child. In order for the to happen a family are required
to have an Individualized Family Service Plan (IFSP). It is just like the IEP, but it is instead for the
family. This is supposed to highlight the concerns and resources that can be made available to both
the families and the child. The families should be involved when creating the IFSP to make sure all
their concerns and questions are answered. A family also have a right to file a complaint if the
services or evaluations aren't being met for the child. As for the effects of the child under the IDEA
they should have these rights or principles that accompanies them. The first one is that they can be
excluded from a free or appropriate education. There should be as many

Americans with Disabilities Act
Americans With Disabilities Act
Website 1 http://www.cato.org Sponsoring Agency: The CATO Institute
Content and Website Layout: The CATO Institute has afforded the public with myriad resources,
regarding disabilities, education, child policy, welfare, government and politics. This website is
fraught with publications, informative videos and commentary.
Summary of Contributions: In essence, the CATO Institute has invariably aided the public, including
segments of the population who have suffered from a disability. Their concerted and thoughtful
efforts have empowered the masses with attainable information and a fortified sense of liberty and
independence, all in a non–partisan, virtual atmosphere. This site addresses the general public with
insightful research analyses about public policy issues. Comparatively speaking, this Institute, along
with the ADA Network and Department of Labor, empower the disabled with educational resources.
However, they are not responsible for enforcing regulations.
Website
http://www.ada.gov/
Sponsoring Agency: The United States Department of Justice Civil Division
Content and Website Layout: This site provides news articles, laws and regulations resources,
enforcement information, and technical assistance and resources.
Summary of Contributions: This website supplies the means through which the United States
Department of Justice Civil Division can channel its legislative resources. This Department has
contributed to the enactment of the

Sitting in his wheelchair at the bottom of the stairs, Zack looks up toward the front door and
wonders how in the world he is going to get into the building. To Zack, getting up those seven steps
is like climbing Mount Everest. For many disabled Americans, Zack's experience was an all too
common daily occurrence until the Americans with Disabilities Act became law. Before the act was
passed, disabled individuals struggled to get around and do everyday activities, such as going to
church, going out to eat, and getting to class on time, which were simple for other Americans.
When the Americans with Disabilities Act became a law in 1990, it enabled the disabled to take part
in the American Dream. The ADA not only ensures equal access and ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
At the same time, many parents of disabled children began to fight against discrimination in the
schools. This led to the establishment of local groups that fought for the rights of people with
disabilities (1). Before long, individuals with disabilities challenged the idea that they must spend
the rest of their life in an institution. Instead, many disabled individuals began to explore the idea of
living independently (1). To advance their cause, disability advocates adopted many of the
successful strategies of the civil rights movement of the 1960's, including peaceful protests and sit–
ins (2). An important first step towards the eventual passage of the ADA was in the 1973
Rehabilitation Act, which banned federal funded entities from discrimination against the disabled.
The next major step was the issuance of Section 504 regulations that helped provide for the
enforcement of anti–discrimination policies (History of ADA). The eventual passage of the
Americans with Disabilities Act in 1990 was the result of the hard work of many dedicated
American citizens over a long period of time. President George H. W. Bush compared the enactment
of the ADA to another monumental event: the fall of the Berlin Wall. He said, "And now I sign
legislation which takes a

The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act and the Meaning of "Free Appropriate Public
Education" for Students with Disabilities is detailed below:
Congress passed the IDEA in 1975 to ensure that children with disabilities had the opportunity to
receive an appropriate education. To qualify for federal funding under the Act, a state must
demonstrate that it has a policy in effect that "assures all handicapped children the right to a free
appropriate education."6 IDEA requires school districts to teach children with disabilities in the least
restrictive environment possible. Under IDEA, "restrictiveness" refers specifically to the degree to
which children with disabilities have access to their non–disabled peers, not the extent to ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Under IDEA, the IEP must contain:
a. A statement of the child's present levels of educational performance.
b. A statement of annual goals for the child, including short–term instructional objectives.
c. A statement of the specific educational services to be provided to the child, and the extent to
which the child will be able to participate in regular educational programs.
d. The projected date for initiation and anticipated duration of these services.
e. Appropriate, objective criteria and evaluation procedures and schedules for determining, at least
annually, whether instructional objectives are being achieved. 20 USC. § 1401(19). Under IDEA,
students with disabilities must be educated in the LRE in which they can get a free, appropriate
education, meaning that they should be educated alongside their non–disabled peers in a manner
consistent with their ability to benefit. ED collects data on the placement of students with disabilities
in different educational environments, including those who spend (i) 80% or more of their time in
general education settings, (ii) between 40%–79% of their time in general education settings, (iii)
less than 40% of their time in general education settings, and (iv) all of their time in alternative
placements, including specialized non–public schools. The relative nature of the phrase "least
restrictive" means that each child's IEP team must determine the least restrictive environment in
which that

Individuals with Disabilities Act
A. The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act Amendments of 1997 (IDEA), is a federal
special education law and was signed into law in June 1997. The IDEA pledges that each child with
a disability as well as students who need special education services has the right to a free proper
public education, with the least restrictive environment. Below are the six components that are
included in the IDEA. They include;
1 Free Appropriate Public Education(FAPE): In this component, the IDEA pledges that all students
with a disability must be provided at a no cost public education services that is appropriate to his or
her special needs within the public school system.
2 Least Restrictive Environment is the second component. This ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
This was a label change of the special education rule to those with Disabilities; it was also described
as the first person act. In this regulation the purpose was to be categorized as children first and their
disability second. Instead of students being labeled as disabled students; they are now referred to as
students with learning disabilities. The PL101–476 IDEA also mandated transition services as well
as to include social work with rehabilitation services for students, furthermore legislation
acknowledged Autism together with traumatic brain injury in the separate disability categories. In
addition the assembly revoked states protection from lawsuits for violating IDEA (Gargiulo, 2011).
3 In 1997 Public law105–17 Amendments to IDEA was passed. The IDEA was reorganized to
include four main parts. Two of the changes included conduct of the disabled student, if the student
brings a weapon to school or has illegal drugs and or creates a serious risk, the student could
possibly be removed from their present placement after a due process. Less serious behavior
concerns demonstrated by the student with a disability should be conducted comparable to students
without disabilities. The other changes to include are the student active involvement in the IEP
process, as well as the transition planning. This would begin at the age of 14 instead of 16 years of
age. General education teacher are to be included

The Americans With Disabilities Act (ADAAA)
President George H.W. Bush on July 26, 1990 signed into law the Americans with Disabilities Act.
A civil rights law that prohibits discrimination and guarantees that people with disabilities have the
same opportunities as everyone else in all areas of public life. The act guaranteed equal opportunity
for individuals with disabilities in public accommodations, employment, transportation, state and
local government services and telecommunication. The act has benefits millions of people who are
disabled whom receive equal opportunity and benefits as Americans with the ADA. The Americans
with Disabilities Act was upgraded in 2008 to add the amendment act, making it the ADAAA. This
allows with the evolving time the definition of "disability" to change with the time to benefit the
people. The ADA currently defines a disabled person as having a physical or mental impairment that
majorly limits life activities. Overall the Americans with Disability Act was designed to provide
equal opportunity for the disabled while respecting the individuality as Americans. ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
These titles are subsections to the atc describing exact details of rights and opportunities provided to
people with disabilities in America. Title one covers equal employment opportunities, Stating that
"employers must provide reasonable accommodations to qualify applicants or employees". The U.S.
equal employment opportunity commission regulates and enforces this article of the law. Which
establishes guidelines for reasonable accommodations. Title two focus is on the state and local level
of government services provided on non–discrimination. This is directed towards all state and local
government programs, activities, and services for public entities. The practice of non–discrimination
on the basis of disability in state and local government services is regulated and enforced by the
U.S. Department of

Disabilities Education Act
Up until age 21, children with disabilities are covered by the Individuals with Disabilities Education
Act (IDEA), which was first enacted in 1975 and most recently revised in 2004. IDEA mandates that
every state provides children with disabilities a free public education that meets their individual and
unique needs (Autism speaks toolkit, 2015). Many families with children with ASD have spent years
navigating the school system in order to maximize their child's potential under this Act. Children
with ASD can receive various services included special education, speech–language therapy,
occupational therapy, or mental health counseling. When the school years are over, many
adolescents may lose these support services that they have become ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
This requires the students with ASD to learn independence in order for them to succeed. While
sparse, there are colleges and universities that are skilled at providing accommodations for students
with ASD. Unfortunately, students with ASD have decreased graduation and employment rates, and
they are more likely to develop mental health disorders during their college years when compared
with other students with disabilities (Hees, Moyson, & Roeyers, 2015). Challenges the students with
ASD will face in college include organizational and time management difficulties, lacking self–
advocacy skills, sensory overload, and problems meeting academic demands (Hees, Moyson, &
Roeyers, 2015). It is important for a primary care provider to provide anticipatory guidance to the
adolescent and their family of what to expect of postsecondary school if that is what they choose for
the next step.
A recent study investigated the challenges and support needs of students with ASD in postsecondary
education (Hees, Moyson, & Roeyers, 2015). The first challenge the researchers found were that the
students with ASD struggled with the new situations and unexpected changes in college. These
students found it very difficult to oversee the large amount of new information and choices they had
to make. They are leaving behind what is familiar and transitioning into something completely new,
which is not

Individuals with Disabilities Education Act
Individuals with Disabilities Education Act
The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) was initially passed in 1975. Prior to the
passage of the IDEA, many people with disabilities were denied access to public education and
many were relegated to institutions. The IDEA guarantees individuals with disabilities a free and
appropriate education (FAPE) in a least restrictive environment (LRE). The IDEA is a great piece of
legislation that has evolved as it has gone through reauthorization. The many facets of the IDEA
help to shape the manner in which teachers facilitate classroom instruction and manage classroom
activities.
In 1975, United State Congress passed a law that was conceived to defend the rights of ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The student is reevaluated every three years and the IEP is reviewed whenever a change in
placement occurs. Most importantly it is imperative that the parents of the child remain involved.
They should be aware of their child's disability and kept abreast of any changes through
documentation of everything concerning their child's condition. The IDEA specifies that parents
should also be held accountable for making sure that their child receives the proper education. The
primary goal of IDEA is to improve the outcomes for students with disabilities. The special needs of
a child need to be identified early and accurately in order for the student to receive maximum
benefits in school. After a student is identified as special needs, intervention needs to be used in
order to provide the student with the best educational plan possible. Once the special need is
identified, an individualized education program must be designed for that student. This program will
help students with disabilities reach their educational goals easier than they otherwise would. The
IEP is customized to the student's needs. This program then helps the general education teacher
better understand the disability and how it will influence the student's learning process. Keeping all
this in mind, the classroom teacher must accommodate the classroom in order to provide every
student with the best instruction

American With Disability Act Essay
Protections/Rights of Employers Under the American with Disability Act
Candyce D. Watson
Columbia College
According to the Office of Disability Employment Office, "The Americans with Disabilities Act
(ADA) is a landmark federal law that protects the rights of people with disabilities by eliminating
barriers to their participation in many aspects of living and working in America. In particular, the
ADA prohibits covered employers from discriminating against people with disabilities in the full
range of employment–related activities, from recruitment to advancement, to pay and benefits"
("ODEP", para. 1). With this being said, it is important to remember the main focus for this Act is
that it to allow protection for ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Essential job functions are similar to what most consider the job description of the job. For a person
with a disability to be considered for the job, they would have to be able to handle the basic job
functions of the job. It is the employers job to make sure that people with disabilities are provided
with reasonable accommodations to make sure they can complete the job tasks. According to The
US Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, "...when a qualified individual with a disability
requests a reasonable accommodation, the appropriate accommodation is obvious. The individual
may suggest a reasonable accommodation based upon her own life or work experience. However,
when the appropriate accommodation is not readily apparent, you must make a reasonable effort to
identify one. The best way to do this is to consult informally with the applicant or employee about
potential accommodations that would enable the individual to participate in the application process
or perform the essential functions of the job"("The ADA", 2008). This is important to know because
not all accommodations may not be easily known. For some of the accommodations, you might
have to contact the EEOC or state to find out. A reasonable accommodation becomes undue
hardship when it

Americans with Disabilities Act
I Introduction
The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) is federal legislation designed to prevent discrimination
against disabled people. It applies to all disabled persons, no matter the nature of their disability.
This paper examines the ADA and discusses some of the ramifications of the legislation.
II Americans with Disabilities Act
The Americans with Disabilities Act (hereafter ADA) was enacted in 1990, and its purpose is stated
thusly:
"The Americans with Disabilities Act gives civil rights protections to individuals with disabilities
similar to those provided to individuals on the basis of race, color, sex, national origin, age, and
religion. It guarantees equal opportunity for individuals with ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
This distinction is significant.
The first definition covers those impairments that severely limit a "major life activity." This means
anything that makes it difficult for someone to breathe, see, speak, etc. When functioning is
interrupted as this fundamental level, the person is considered disabled. The definition extends to
cover people with "epilepsy, paralysis, HIV infection, AIDS, a substantial hearing or visual
impairment, mental retardation, or a specific learning disability..." ("Questions and Answers," PG).
Such things as flu, broken bones, and other injuries that can be considered minor are not disabilities
within the meaning of the Act.
The second part of the definition, "has a record of such impairment," covers people who have been
disabled but are now recovered, such as someone who has had cancer, or mental illness, but is now
back at work. ("Questions and Answers," PG). Discrimination against such persons on the basis of
their past medical condition is prohibited.
The third part of the definition is very subtle. It prohibits discrimination against individuals on the
basis of what someone else considers a handicap. The example that is given is of someone with a
severe facial disfigurement being denied employment because the employer fears a negative
reaction on the part of customers and fellow employees. In other words, the employer is
discriminating

The Disabled With Disabilities Act
Just like any other minority, the disabled have been discriminated throughout history. Disabilities
can be composed of physical or mental handicaps and discrimination has always occurred for both.
It has historically been difficult for the disabled to not only find employment, but also to keep
acceptable employment. These individuals also have had trouble being treated properly on the job.
Transportation has also been an issue because many of the disabled cannot move or get around as
easily as others. There is a history of isolating or separating the handicap from society by not having
proper access available or by not allowing them to participate in all government programs. People
with hearing problems also have not been able to ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
To put and end to this, around the 1820s, the disabled started to be institutionalized.
Institutionalization was just another way of isolating the handicapped and there was still a large
amount of abuse and neglect that occurred. Starting from 1920–1960, the return of veterans from
World War I, World War II, and the Korean War caused a rise in the need for rehabilitation. There
was also an influx in the development of welfare programs and medical technology in this era,
causing people to live longer even with disabilities. With such a rise in the amount of handicapped
in America, it was no longer an option to keep them isolated. The need for assistance and civil rights
for the disabled were starting to be recognized by the larger population. Legislation for the civil
rights of the disabled started being developed around the 1970s. The first to come about was the
Rehabilitation Act of 1973. This act outlined independent living programs and vocational
rehabilitation, prohibited employment discrimination in federally funded job settings, and also
developed a federal board for the regulation of accessibility and mobility improvements. The next
was the Education of All Handicapped Children Act of 1975. This act worked to end the separation
of education of handicapped children by giving all disabled

Disability Education Act
Educational Regulations and Implications http:nichy//.orgThis federal law Individual with Disability
Education Act (IDEA) generated in 1975, first known as Education for all Handicapped Children
Act (EHA). According
FACTS ABOUT CEREBRAL PALSY IMPAIRMENT to this law, students with disabilities in (K–
12) have the same right to get the education in public school with the typical students. It is a great
revolution in education because before this law the children with disabilities are excluded to the
education. Basically IDEA has six main principles that are included an Free Appropriate Public
Education (FAPE), an Appropriate Evaluation, an Individualized Education Plan, (IEP), Least
Restrictive Environment (LRE), Parent and Student Participation ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
This plan develops, reviews, and revises at least once a year by a team that is included educators,
parents, and the student with appropriate age. It is an important legal document that emphasis on the
special education and its related services. This plan helps children to be successful in their academic
careers. IEP creates modification in the curriculum that help children to learn general education. It
also provides special services, such as speech, physical, and occupational therapies. Additionally,
this program accommodates the students with disabilities with an extra time, so they can complete
their assignments and tests. The students with disabilities are also provided with the special
equipment, such as cans, walkers, crutches, wheelchairs, specialized exercise devices, and the
specialized desk or table, and chairs for an appropriate posture development. Plus, they are provided
with assistive technology software's, for example, speech recognition, screen reading, argumentative
and alternative communication devices, and academic software

The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act is an act introduced by Senator Tom Harkin (D–IA)
on October 31, 1989. IDEA was signed into law almost a year later by President George H.W. Bush.
The Purpose of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act is to give students with disabilities
the rights and educational opportunities as children without disabilities.
IDEA is separated into four parts:
A. General Provisions
B. Assistance for education of all children with disabilities
C. Infants and Toddlers with disabilities
D. National Support Programs Administered at the federal level
Under the IDEAAct schools have to undergo the Individualized Education Program (IEP) process
for each student with a disability. In order for this process to begin the parent has to request, in
writing, for their student to be evaluated to determine if they are eligible for an IEP or if they need a
504 accommodation plan (extra test time, sit in the front of the class room, etc.) If the parent does
not agree with the schools findings, they can request an Independent Educational Evaluation (IEE),
at no charge to the parent.
Significance of the Law
Before the IDEA act was created, many students with disabilities did not receive the proper
education because of their disability. Many states had laws that barred them from public schools.
The few places that allowed students with disabilities to attend school were either very expensive or
did not have the necessary resources to provide a

Children With Disabilities Education Act
Children with disabilities are able to receive special education and related services from age 3
through their 21st birthday. These services are mandated under the Individuals with Disabilities
Education Act (IDEA) (U.S. Department of Education, 2007). School divisions are required by law
to provide transition services to all children with disabilities who receive special education services
in order to make the transition successful. Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) receive
special education services, thus they are provided with transition services in order to function
successfully in adulthood (Wagner, 2006).
IDEA 2004 ensures that all children with disabilities have access to a free and appropriate education,
along with special education services that prepare them for further education, employment, and
independent living. Once students have completed their free and appropriate education;
postsecondary education, employment, and independent living usually follows. IDEA 2004 states
that transition planning should help students enter vocational education, postsecondary education,
community participation, adult services, independent living, integrated employment, and/or
continuing and adult education. Therefore, schools are mandated to provide transition services in
order to prepare students with disabilities for transition (U.S. Department of Education, 2007).
According to the 2004 revision of IDEA, transition services are, "A results–oriented process that

Disabilities Act Amendment
1. To make noteworthy and opinion for the Indonesian with Disabilities Act amendment in the
Indonesian Parliament. Learning from professional organizations and developing strong network
with Disabilities Network Southwestern Michigan, Disability Services for Students in Western
Michigan University, Unified Clinics and Center for Disability Services–Western Michigan
University, and Bureau of Services for Blind Persons Training Center Michigan. Lesson learn from
the United States federal government to implement the Acts related to people with disabilities.
Therefore, the Indonesian Parliament, the Indonesian government, the Indonesian non–government
organizations, and other stakeholders who are concern for reformation on education and working

The Disabilities Of The Americans With Disabilities Act
In America, almost one in five people live with a disability (US Census Bureau, 2015). There are 6.4
million children between the ages of 3 to 21 that are receiving special education services (National
Center for Education Statistics, 2014). In Georgia, 23.4% of the population are people under the age
of 21 living with a disability (Erickson & Schrader, 2014). Bulloch County has a population of
71,214 and of the entire population, 16% of them are living with a disability (Cornell, 2012). By the
standards of the Americans with Disabilities Act, a person who is considered disabled is someone
who has physical or mental impairment, which significantly limits one or more major life activities.
The [GC1] two types of disabilities are cognitive and physical. People with intellectual disorders are
referred to as having trouble with educational endeavors, expressing themselves through spoken and
written language, and may have trouble interpreting information through body language and/or
social cues (Muhlenburg College, 2003). Types of cognitive disabilities include Asperger's
syndrome, Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder (ADHD), Tourette syndrome, and others
(Muhlenbug College, 2003). A physical/medical disability is one that limits a person's physical
function, mobility, dexterity, and stamina (College Board, 2015). Types of physical disabilities
include cerebral palsy, multiple sclerosis, spina bifida, and others. Both of these types of disabilities
significantly

American With Disabilities Act Analysis
The American with Disabilities Act was a major piece of legislation that the Federal government put
into law July, 26 1990. The American with Disables Act is an act that protects people's rights being
disabled. The American with Disabilities Act has made society and places of employment readily
accessible so that people with disabilities can try to live a normal life. The American Disabilities Act
gives people with Disabilities and equal opportunity to employment it protects there civil rights
which every American citizen is provided. The American with Disabilities Act is portioned into five
different categories
The first category of the American with Disabilities Act covers employment rights (Title 1). The
employment rights (Title I) makes companies to provided ways for people with disabilities to be
employable. Some examples of this would be that companies that are in a multi–story building will
have an elevator. The curbing on sidewalks with have wheel chair access. Companies need to make
accommodations which may include how a job will be done to accommodate someone with a
disability. Companies need to provide a door where a wheel chair could come into the building. Title
one prohibits companies from discriminating ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The people who run the transit system much also provide special transportation services for people
with disabilities who are unable to use the normal services. The bus stations must be accessible to
people with disabilities. The bus stations must provide telephones, bathrooms and drinking fountains
that would be accessible for people with disabilities. The Rail vehicles also fall under Title III. New
rail vehicles must also be accessible August, 26 1990. Existing rail systems have to have one car
accessible by July 26, 1995. All new rail station must be handicap

Introduction
In the past, having a disability was seen as a physical imperfection. People with disabilities were
treated as moral and social subordinates. We were trained that if a person had a disability they were
not able to perform a task with the same ability as a normal person. They have been denied jobs for
which they are highly qualified because they have been considered incompetent, or because
employers were not comfortable with their presence in the workplace. Occasionally people with
certain disabilities have been committed to institutions and facilities because people believed they
were incapable of making decisions or caring for themselves or because people did not want to
interact with them (Blanck, 2004).
The Americans with Disabilities Act is one of the most significant laws in American History. Before
the Americans with Disabilities Act (A.D.A.) was passed employers were able to deny employment
to a disabled worker, simply because he or she was disabled. With no other reason other than the
person's physical disability were they turned away or released from a job (Acemoglu & Angrist,
2001). The ADA prevents discrimination by establishing rules and regulations designed to protect
persons with physical disabilities. When this act was signed in 1990 it changed the range of
opportunities available for those disabled. The social implications surrounding individuals in the
workforce with disabilities can be assessed on many levels.
Literature Review
Knowledge can

American With Disability Act Analysis
American with Disability Act of 1990 and Beyond
July is often remembered as a month that Americans celebrate their freedom from British, but for
millions, it signifies a different kind of freedom. For them, it signifies a freedom from
discrimination. This is because on July 26, 1990, President George H. W. Bush signed into law The
American Disability Act of 1990 (ADA). ADA bill was governments attempt to clarify and expand
the Rehabilitation Act of 1973. Its main goals were to assure that people with disabilities had "equal
employment opportunities", were able to "purchase goods and services, "to participate in State and
local government programs" (Mayerson, 1992). Bush's hope was that "every man, woman, and child
with a disability" could ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Although these recent changes have cleared up many ambiguities in the law, society still has a long
way to go until everyone is treated equality. These changes have begun to pave a pathway to allow
the disabled to live in harmony with all of the society. It has always been part of God plan that all
his children would live in harmony together. In Galatians 3:28 it says "There is neither Jew nor
Greek, there is neither slave nor free, there is no male and female, for you are all one in Christ
Jesus" ESV , and Matthew 7:1–2 it say "Do not judge, or you too will be judged. For in the same
way you judge others, you will be judged, and with the measure you use, it will be measured to you"

Disability As Defined By The Act Person With Disability Act
Defining Disability Disability as defined by the act Person With Disability Act, 1995 covers
blindness, low vision, leprosy–cured, hearing impairment, locomotor disability, mental retardation
and mental illness as well as multiple disabilities. "Any lack resulting from impairment of ability to
perform an activity in the manner or within the range considered normal for human being". (World
Health Organization, 2001) Autism: "A condition of uneven skill development primarily affecting
the communication and d social ability of a person, marked by repetitive and ritualistic behaviour".
(PWD, 1995) Hearing impaired: "loss of sixty decibel or more in the better earning the
conversational range of frequencies" (PWD, 1995) Mental Retardation: "A condition of arrested or
incomplete development of mind of person which is especially characteristic by sub normality of
intelligences erg. Cognitive, language, motor and social abilities". (PWD, 1995) Visually
impairment: "A condition where a person suffer from any of the following conditions namely (1)
Total absence of sight (2)Visual acuity not exceeding 6/60 or 20/200 in the better eye with
correcting lenses (3) Limitation of the field vision sub tending an angle of 20 degree of worst".
(PWD, 1995) Person with law vision:" person with impairment of visual functioning even after
treatment or standard refractive correction but who uses or is potentially capable of using vision for
the planning or execution of a task with appropriate

Effect Of The Americans With Disability Act
On July 26, 1990, President George H.W. Bush put in effect the Americans with Disability Act. It
was later ratified in January 2009, one of the most significant document signed for civil right to
protect and prevent discrimination against people with disabilities. The Act guarantees the
opportunities to those with disabilities to enjoy the same goods and service with non–disabilities and
benefit the social programs. It was another legislation after the Civil Right Acts of 1964 that
prohibits discrimination against color, sex, race, religion or natural origin.
The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA, 2010) forbids any discrimination against those with
disabilities. The policy applies to employment, public accommodation, commercial facilities,

Disability Discrimination And Americans With Disability...

Recommended

Recommended

More Related Content

Similar to Disability Discrimination And Americans With Disability...

Similar to Disability Discrimination And Americans With Disability... (15)

More from Kimberly Brooks

More from Kimberly Brooks (20)

Recently uploaded

Recently uploaded (20)

Disability Discrimination And Americans With Disability...