1. Presenter : Khizra Samad

2.  Ultrasonography also known as Medical sonography
 IT is
an ultrasound-based diagnostic medical imaging
technique used to visualize muscles, tendons, and many
internal organs, to capture their size, structure and any
pathological lesions with real time tomographic images.
 The
technology
is
relatively
inexpensive
and
portable, especially when compared with other
modalities, such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and
computed tomography (CT)

4.  Ultrasound uses sound waves to develop ultrasound
images of what's going on inside the body.
 An instrument called a transducer emits highfrequency sound, inaudible to human ears, and then
records the echoes as the sound waves bounce back to
determine the size, shape, and consistency of soft
tissues and organs.
 Sound pressure wave frequency is greater than the
upper limit of the human hearing range.

5.  This limit varies from person to person,
it is
approximately 20 kilohertz (20,000 hertz) in
healthy, young adults. Ultrasound devices operate with
frequencies from 20 kHz up to several gigahertz.
 Ultrasound technicians, or sonographers, have special
training in how to perform the test. Then a radiologist
or your doctor will interpret the ultrasound images.
 This technology can help diagnose and treat certain
conditions.

6.  Diagnostics:
- Doctors employ ultrasound imaging in diagnosing a
wide variety of conditions affecting the organs and soft
tissues of the body, including the heart and blood
vessels, liver, gallbladder, spleen, pancreas, kidneys, bl
adder, uterus, eyes, thyroid, and testicles.
 Diagnostic limitations :
- sound waves do not transmit well through dense bone
or parts of the body that may hold air or gas, such as the
bowel.

7.  Pregnancy :
- Ultrasound images have many uses during pregnancy.
- Used to determine due dates
- Reveal the presence of twins or other multiples.
-Used to screening tools in helping to detect potential
problems, including birth defects, placental
issues, breech positioning, and others.
- Sex determination of babies
- Size determination of babies

8.  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultrasound
 http://www.news-medical.net/health/What-is-an-
Ultrasound.aspx
 http://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/what-isan-ultrasound