2. objective
• To design a PV system for a house.
• To familiar with the practical application of
solar power system.
• Market survey and economical analysis of
component and comparison between solar
system and diesel system
3. Solar cell
• convert light into a small electrical output -
milli watts output.
• need a bank/array of cells for useful output.
• efficiency of cells is up to 23%/ improving.
4. Solar panel
• are situated on roof of building.
• absorb heat in the form of radiation from sun.
• basically system is like a domestic central
heating radiator painted black/insulated.
12. Calculation of number of lamp
• Calculation of lamp sued in rooms is as follows
• Number of lamp= E*A/(O*CU*ME)
• Where E=require luminance
• For room 1, N=300*12*15/(3.3*3.3*6500*0.7*0.8)=2
• For room 4, N=300*14*10/(3.3*3.3*2800*0.7*0.8)=3
• For room 5, N=300(*16*6+10*6)/(3.3*3.3*2100*0.7*0.8)=3
• For room 6, N=200*13*10/(3.3*3.3*3000*0.7*0.8)=2
• For room 7, N=300*10*5.5/(3.3*3.3*1100*0.7*0.8)=3
• For room 14, N=300*12*15/(3.3*3.3*6500*0.7*0.8)=2
• For room 15, N=300*14*10/(3.3*3.3*1100*0.7*0.8)=3
• For room 16, N=300(*16*6+10*6)/(3.3*3.3*2100*0.7*0.8)=3
• For room 17, N=300*13*10/(3.3*3.3*2100*0.7*0.8)=3
13. • Total wattage-hours per day demand of appliances= 67492.6 watt
• 2.2 Solar PV sizing
• Ampere hours needed by appliances is= total energy needed per
day/(power factor*system voltage)
• =67492.6/(0.9*48)
• =1562.32
• Array current Iarray= Total load in AH/(peak sun*detraction
factor*columbic efficiency )
• =1562.32/(0.9*0.95*5)
• =365.4549Ah
• Number of solar panel needed in parallel = 365.45/6.85=53.35=54
panel
16. Battery sizing
• Capacity(Ah)= total load in Ah * day of
autonomy/(DOD*eff)
• 1562*3/(0.8*0.8)=7321.575Ah
• Total number of battery require in parallel=
7321.5/200 = 37
• Hence 37 battery having voltage rating 48 and
wattage rating of 200Ah is selected.
18. Inverter sizing
• Total AC power consumed
by AC loads= 12268.1watt
• Considering each AC
appliances take 3 time of
the current rating at son
time.
• Power rating of inverter is =
(AC power(W)*serge
current factor)/p.f=
12268.1*3/0.8= 46KVA
• A 50 KVA pure sine wave
inverter fulfill our needs
20. Solar charge controller selection
• Total maximum charge
current(Imax)= string* short
circuit current of string
•
=54*7.41= 400.14AH
• Hence a CR of 400AH meet
our requirement.
• Maximum possible load
current =72912.5/48=1519AH
• Lets take a charge controller of
50AH.
• Hence total number of CR =
54*7.41*1.3/50 =11
• Hence each 5 array consist of 1
CR.
22. Economic Analysis
Cost Estimation For Solar System
S.N Particulars Price/piece(NRs) Numbers Total price(NRs)
1 OME 48 Volt mono solar panel 7060 54 381240
2 Inverter 980000 1 980000
3 Charge Regulator 25578 11 281358
4 48 volt battery 166306 37 6153322
5 Transportation Cost 45000
6 Installation Cost 20000
Total 7860920
Total cost of installation = Rs.7860920/-
Total annual expenditure = Rs.2500/-
Net present worth for the PV system is calculated as:
NPW (PV system) = -7860920-6153322(P/F, 4%, 10) - 6153322 (P/F,
4%, 20) - 2500(P/A, 4%, 30)
[Since, batteries have to be replaced in
every ten years.]
= -7860920-4156963-2808295-43230
= NRs.-14869408/-
23. Cost estimation for Diesel System
• Size of plant required: 4kVA
• From data observed, it was found that the generator at full load (3500W)
requires 2ltr of diesel.
• At 75% of load 1.5ltr is required.
• At 50% of load 1ltr is required.
• At 25% of load 0.5ltr is required.
• The diesel-generator is required to supply full load for 4 hours, 75% load
for 4 hours, 50% load for 6 hours, and 25% of load for 10 hours.
• Therefore, total diesel required = (2x4 + 1.5x4 + 1x6 + 0.5x10) = 25ltrs
daily.
• Total annual cost of operation = Rs(25x109x365)
• =NRs.994625/-
• Initial Cost of diesel-generator = NRs.138000/-
• Total annual expenditure = NRs.1500/-
•
24. • NPW (Diesel-generator) = -138000-138000(P/F, 4%, 10)
- 138000(P/F, 4%, 20) - 994625 (P/A, 4%, 30) –
1500(P/A, 4%, 30)
• [Since, diesel generator works properly for about
10 years, we need 3 generators during 30 years of
period.]
• = -138000-93227-62981-17199088-25938
= NRs.17519234/-
• The NPW of diesel generator is greater than that of PV
system. Hence, the PV system is financially feasible
compared to diesel generator.
25. Wire sizing
• Solar pane are going to be placed in the top of the celling and the load cater at
stair.
• Array to load center (allowable voltage drop 3%)= 6m(S1)
• Load center to battery(allowable voltage drop 1%)= 1m(s2)
• Load center to inverter (allowable voltage drop 3%)= 1m(s3)
• Inverter to energy meter= 2m(s4)
• Energy meter to distribution box=0.5m(s5)
• DB to SDB1=0.5m(s6)
• DB to SDB2=3m(s7)
• S1=(0.3*6*400)/3=240sq mm
• S2=(0.3*1*400)/3=40sq mm
• S3=(0.3*1*400)/3=40sq mm
• S4=(0.3*2*400)/3=80sq mm
• S5=(0.3*0.5*400)/3=20sq mm
• S6=(0.3*0.5*400)/3=20sq mm
• S7=(0.3*3*400)/3=120sq mm
