GRAMMAR NOTES

1. UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE CHIMBORAZO.
FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS DE LA EDUCACIÓN HUMANAS Y TECNOLOGÍAS.
LANGUAGE SCHOOL
NAME: Gabriela García COURSE: SIXTH SEMESTER
DATE: 15-06-22
GRAMMAR VI
Time Details
Step. 1
17:00-17:30
 We say the last class to the teacher that we need a little reinforcement and MScs.
Magdalena Ullauri provides a review about the last topics
 The first topic was Passive Voice.
 The teacher begins to ask us about what do we know about this topic (Oral lesson).
 After that, the teacher begins to explain the topic.
Teacher provides the structure
subject + auxiliaryverb
be
+ main verb
past participle
+ by + agent
optional
Step. 2
17:30-19:30
 The teachergives us some exampleswiththese structure.
For example:
 The job isdone by Miguel.
 A letteriswrittenbyFernando.
The teacherasks to the studentsthe differentstructures.
The teacherexplainsthe following:
1. When we wantto emphasize the receiverof the action:
2. We do not knowwhodidthe action(the agent):
3. When the agentisnot important.
4. The agentis obvious.
The teacher showed us a video about Passive voice where explained all about this
structure.
 Thenteacherexplinedaboutthe use of BY:
Example:
 He waskilled witha gun.
Normally we use by to introduce the agent. But the gun is not the original doer of the
action.The gun didnot kill him.He waskilledbysomebodywithagun.In the active voice,
it would be: Somebody killed him with a gun. Somebody is the agent. The gun is the
instrument.
CAUSATIVE GET AND HAVE
Teacherexplainsusinsimple words:We use Causativeformwhenwe wantsomeone

2. UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE CHIMBORAZO.
FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS DE LA EDUCACIÓN HUMANAS Y TECNOLOGÍAS.
LANGUAGE SCHOOL
NAME: Gabriela García COURSE: SIXTH SEMESTER
DATE: 15-06-22
GRAMMAR VI
workor dosomethinginourrepresentation.
Teacher povidesthe structure:
The active causative structure
This is the basic structure of the active form.
Subject Causative verb Agent Action verb Object
Charlie had her brother do her homework.
Step.3.
19:30-21:00 The passive causative structure
In the passive form, there is usually no agent. The action verb is in the past

3. UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE CHIMBORAZO.
FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS DE LA EDUCACIÓN HUMANAS Y TECNOLOGÍAS.
LANGUAGE SCHOOL
NAME: Gabriela García COURSE: SIXTH SEMESTER
DATE: 15-06-22
GRAMMAR VI
participle, and the object comes before it:
Subject Causative verb Object Action verb
Frank and me had our door fixed.
Teacherexplain:
Get + to
Have + - without TO
 Teacherprovidesanonline test.
 We choose the online test.
We hadan easy testof one minute or more about:
Making a Causative sentence
(Active andpassive)